PREFACE. 



I SHALL not attempt any labored encomiums on Shakspeare, 
or endeavour to set forth his perfections, at a time when such 
universal and just applause i? "aid_ him, and when every toi.gue 
is big with his boundless fame, lie nimself tells us, 

To gild refined gold, to paint the lily, 

To throw a perfume on the violet, 

To smooth the ice, or add another hue 

Unto the rainbow, or with taper-light 

To seek the beauteous eye of heav'n to garnish, 

Is wasteful and ridiculous excess. 
And wasteful and ridiculous indeed it would be, to say any 
thing in his praise, when presenting tne world with such a 
collection of Beauties as perhaps is no where to be met 
with, and, I may very safely affirm, cannot be parallel from 
the productions of any other single author, ancient or m-jdern. 
There is scarcely a topic, common with other writers, on which 
he has not excelled them all; there are many nobly peculiar to 
himself, where he shines unrivalled, and, like the eagle, roper 
est emblem of his daring genius, soars beyond the common 
reach, and gazes undazzled on the sun. His flights are son. timea 
so bold, frigid criticism almost dares to disapprove them anu 
those narrow minds which are incapable of elevating their ideas 
to the sublimity of their author's, are willing to bring them down 
to a level with their own. Hence many fine passages have been 
condemned in Shakspeare, as rant and fustian, intolerable 30in- 
Dast, and turgid nonsense, which, if read with the least gk w dJ 
the same imagination that warmed the writer's bosom, w uld 
blaze in the robes of sublimity, and obtain the commendation t ol 
a Longinus. And,, unless some of the same spirit that elevated ho 
poet, elevate the reader too, he must not presume to talk ol t sie 
and elegance; he will prove a languid reader, an indiffer nt 
judge, and a far more indifferent critic and commentator. 

It is some time since I first proposed publishing this collecti n; 
for Shakspeare was ever, of all modern authors, my chief tavo r 
ite; and during my relaxations from my more severe and nee s- 
sary studies at college, I never omitted to read and indulge mvs it 
in the rapturous flights of this delightful and sweetest child of 
fancy: and when my imagination has been heated by the glow .g 
ardou- of his uncommon fire, have never failed to lament, that is» 



vi PREFACE. 

Beauties should be so obscured, and that he himself should be 
made a kind of stage, for bungling critics to show their clumsy 
activity upon. 

It was my first intention to have considered each play criti- 
cally and regularly through all its parts: but as this would have 
swelled the work beyond proper bounds, I was obliged to confine 
myself solely to a collection of his Poetical Beauties: and I doubt 
not, every reader will find so large a fund for observation, so 
much excellent and refined morality, that he will prize the work 
as it deserves, and pay, with me, all due adoration to the manes 
of Shakspeare. 

Longinus* tells us, that the most infallible test of the true sub- 
lime, is the impression a performance makes upon our minds 
when read or recited. " If," says he, " a person finds, that 
a performance transports not his soul, nor exalts his thoughts; 
that it calls not up into his mind ideas more enlarged than the 
mere sounds of the words convey, but on attentive examination 
its dignity lessens and declines, he may conclude, that whatever 
pierces no deeper than the ears, can never be the true sublime 
That, on the contrary, is grand and lofty, which the more wo 
consider, the greater ideas we conceive of it: whose force we 
cannot possibly withstand; which immediately sinks deep, and 
makes such impression on the mind as cannot easily be worn out 
or effaced: in a word, you may pronounce that sublime, beautiful, 
and genuine, which always pleases and takes equally with all 
sorts of men. For when persons of different humours, ages, pro- 
fessions, and inclinations, agree in the same joint approbation of 
any performance, then this union of assent, this combination of 
so many different judgments, stamps a high and indisputable 
value on that performance, which meets with such general ap- 
piause." This fine observation of Longinus is most remarkably 
verified in Shakspeare; for all humours, ages, and inclinations, 
jointly proclaim their approbation and esteem of him; and will, 
I hope, be found true in most of the passages which arc here 
collected from him: I say, most, because there are some which I 
am convinced will not stand this test: the old, the grave, and 
the severe, will disapprove, perhaps, the more soft (and as they 
may call them) trifling love-tales, so elegantly breathed forth, and 
so emphatically extolled by the young, the gay, and the passionate; 
while these will esteem as dull and languid, the sober saws of mo- 
rality, and the home-felt observations of experience. However, 
as it was my business to collect for readers of all tastes, and all 
complexions, let me desire none to disapprove what hits not their 
own humour, but to turn over the page, and they will surely find 
something acceptable and engaging. But I have yet another 
apology to make, for some passages introduced merely on account 

*See Longinus on the Sublime, Sect. 7. The translation in the text u 
from the learned Mr. Smith. 



PREFACE. vii 

of their peculiarity, which to some, possibly, will appear neither 
sublime nor beautiful, and yet deserve attention, as indicating 
the vast stretch, and sometimes particular turn of the poet's 
imagination. 

There are many passages in Shakspeare so closely connected 
with the plot and characters, and on which their beauties so 
wholly depend, that it would have been absurd and idle to have 
produced them here: hence the reader will find little of the inimita- 
ble Falstaff in this work, and not one line extracted from the 
Merry Wives of Windsor, one of Shakspeare 's best, and most 
justly admired comedies: whoever reads that play, will immedi- 
ately see, there was nothing either proper or possible for this 
work; which, such as it is, I most sincerely and cordially re- 
commended to the candour and benevolence of the world: and 
wish every one that peruses it, may feel the satisfaction I have 
frequently felt in composing it, and receive such instructions and 
advantages from it, as it is well calculated and well able to be- 
stow. For my own part, better and more important things 
henceforth demanded my attention, and I here, with no small 
pleasure, take leave of Shakspeare and the critics; as this work 
was begun and finished, before I entered upon the sacred function, 
in which I am now happily employed, let me trust, this juvenile 
performance will prove no objection, since graver, and some very 
eminent members of the church, have thought it no improper 
employ, to comment, explain, and publish the works of their 
own country poets. 

W. DODD 



THE LIFE 



WILLIAM SHAKSPEARE 



The name of Shakspeare, which is mentioned by Verste- 
gan, among those " syrnames imposed upon the first bearers 
of them for valour and feats of arms," is one of great antiquity 
in the woodland districts of Warwickshire. The family, thus 
honorably distinguished, appears to have received its origin 
either at Rowington or Lapworth. Long before the genius 
of our great dramatic poet had rendered their name a subject 
of national interest, the Shakspeares were established among 
the more affluent inhabitants of those villages, and thence 
several individuals of the race, from time to time, removed, 
and became settlers in the principal places of the country. 

After the most indefatigable researches, Malone found 
himself unable to trace the particular branch of the family 
from which Shakspeare himself descended, beyond his imme- 
diate ancestor ; but it is mentioned by Rowe, as being " of 
good figure and fashion," in the town of Stratford. This 
statement is supported by the authority of a document, pre- 
served in the College of Heralds, conferring the grant of a 
coat of arms on John Shakspeare, the father of the poet, in 
which the title of gentleman is added to his denomination ; 
and it is stated, that " his great grandfather had been re- 
warded by King Henry the Seventh, for his faithful and 
approved services, with lands and tenements given him in 
those parts of Warwickshire, where they have continued by 
some descents in good reputation and credit." 

If Shakspeare's father inherited any portion of the estate 
which the royal munificence had thus conferred on his ances- 



x. THE LIFE OF 

tor, it was insufficient for his wants ; and he was obliged to 
have recourse to trade to increase the narrow measure of his 
patrimony. The traditional accounts that have been received 
respecting him are consistent in describing him as engaged 
in business, though they disagree in the nature of the em- 
ployment which they ascribe to him. In the MS. notes which 
Aubrey had collected for a life of the poet, it is affirmed, that 
" his father was a butcher ; " while, on the other hand, it is 
stated by Rowe that he was " a considerable dealer in wool." 
The truth of the latter report it is scarcely possible to doubt. 
It was received from Betterton the player, whose veneration 
for the poet induced him to make a pilgrimage to Warwick- 
shire, that he might collect all the information respecting 
the object of his enthusiasm which remained among his 
townsmen, at a time when such prominent facts as the cir- 
cumstances and avocation of his parents could not yet have 
sunk into oblivion. It is, indeed, not improbable that both 
these accounts may be correct. "Few occupations," observes 
Malone, " can be named which are more naturally connected 
with each other." Dr. Farmer has shown that the two trades 
were occasionally united : or if they were not thus exercised 
together by the poet's father, his having adopted them sepa- 
rately at different periods of his life, is not inconsistent with 
the changeful character of his circumstances. The new 
notion of John Shakspeare's having been a glover, which has 
been advanced in Malone's last edition of our author's works, 
I have no hesitation in dismissing. It is neither supported 
by tradition, nor probability ; and the brief minute which 
the laborious editor discovered in the bailiffs court at Strat- 
ford, must have referred to some other of the innumerable 
John Shakspeares, whom we find mentioned in the wills and 
registers of the time. 

The father of Shakspeare married, probably about the year 
1555 or 1556, Mary the daughter of Robert Arden, of Wil- 
lingcote, in the county of Warwick ; by which connexion he 
obtained a small estate in land, some property in money, and 
such accession of respectability as is derived from an equal 
and honorable alliance. The family of Mary Arden, like his 
own, was one of great antiquity in the country, and her an- 



WILLIAM SHAKSPEARE. xi. 

cestors also had been rewarded for their faithful and impor- 
tant services by the gratitude of Henry the Seventh. The 
third child, and the eldest son of this union, was the cele- 
brated subject of the present memoirs. 

"William Shakspeare was born on the 23d of April, 1564, 
and baptized on the 26th of the same month. 

At the time of the birth of his illustrious offspring, John 
Shakspeare evidently enjoyed no slight degree of estimation 
among his townsmen. He was already a member of the cor- 
poration, and for two successive years had been nominated 
one of the chamberlains of Stratford. From this time he 
began to be chosen in due succession to the highest municipal 
offices of the borough. In 1569, he was appointed to dis- 
charge the important duties ef high bailiff; and was subse- 
quently elected and sworn chief alderman for the year 1571. 

During this period of his life, which constitutes the poet's 
years of childhood, the fortune of Master John Shakspeare — 
for so he is uniformly designated in the public writings of the 
borough, from the time of his acting as high bailiff— per- 
fectly corresponded with the station which we find him 
holding among his townsmen. His charities rank him with 
the second class of the inhabitants of Stratford. In a sub- 
scription for the relief of the poor, 1564, out of twenty-four 
persons, twelve gave more, six the same, and six less, than 
the poet's father ; and in a second subscription, of fourteen 
persons, eight gave more, five the same, and one less. So 
early as 1556, he held the lease of two houses in the town, 
one in Green Hill, and the other in Henley street ; in 1570 
he rented fourteen acres of land, called Ington Meadow ; and 
we find him four years afterwards becoming the purchaser of 
two additional houses in Henley street, with a garden and 
orchard attached to each. 

In this season of prosperity, Mr. John Shakspeare was not 
careless of the abilities of his child. His own talents had 
been wholly unimproved by education, and he was one of the 
twelve, out of the nineteen aldermen of Stratford, whose 
accomplishments did not extend to being able to sign their 
own names. This circumstance, by the bye, most satisfacto- 
rily establishes the fact, that he could not have written the 



xii. THE LIFE OF 

confession of faith which was found in repairing the roof of 
his residence at Stratford. But, whatever were his own defi- 
ciencies, he was careful that the talents of his son should 
not suffer from a similar neglect of education. "William was 
placed at the Free School of Stratford : it is not uninteresting 
to know the names of the instructors of Shakspeare. They 
have been traced by the minute researches of Malone. 
Mr. Thomas Hunt, and Mr. Thomas Jenkins, were succes- 
sively the masters of the school, from 1572 to 1580, which 
must have included the school-boy days of our poet. 

At this time, Shakspeare would have possessed ample 
means of obtaining access to all those books of history, 
poetry, and romance, with which he seems to have had so 
intimate an acquaintance, and which were calculated to 
attract his early taste, and excite the admiration of his young 
and ardent fancy ; and he might also thus early have become 
imbued with a taste for the drama, by attending the perform- 
ances of the different companies of players, the comedians 
of the Queen, of the Earl of Worcester, of Lord Leicester, 
and of other noblemen, who were continually making the 
Guildhall of Stratford the scene of their representations. 
But he was soon called to other cares, and the discharge of 
more serious duties. The prosperity of his father was not of 
permanent duration. In 1578, Mr. John Shakspeare mort- 
gaged the estate which he had received from his wife ; in the 
following year he was exempted from the contribution of 
four-pence a week for the poor, which was paid by the other 
aldermen ; and that this exception in his favor was made in 
consequence of the pecuniary embarrassments under which 
he was known to labor, is manifest from his having been at 
the same period reduced to the necessity of obtaining Mr. 
Lambert's security for the payment of a debt of five pounds, 
to Sadler, a baker. This depression of his circumstances is 
alluded to by Rowe, and attributed to the expenses incidental 
to a large and increasing family ; but in this statement, the 
real cause of his difficulties is mistaken. It has been ascer- 
tained, by the diligence of Malone, that the family of Shak- 
speare's father was by no means numerous ; for of his eight 
children, five only attained to the age of maturity. The 



THE 



LIFE AND BEAUTIES 



SHAKSPEARE: 



COMPRISING 



CAREFUL SELECTIONS FROM EACH PLAY: 



GENERAL INDEX, 



DIGESTING THEM UNDER PROPER HEADS. 



BY THE LATH 

REV. WILLIAM DODD, D. D. 



ILLUSTRATED. 



BOSTON: 

PHILLIPS, SAMPSON, & CO. 

110 Washington Street. 

1851. 



.U5- 

tfst 



Exchange 
Btowb University library 

MAY 2 6 1939 



WILLIAM SHAKSPEARE. xiii. 

decay of his affairs was the natural consequence of the de 
cline of the branch of trade in which he was engaged. As a 
wool-stapler, Mr. John Shakspeare had flourished as long as 
the business itself was prosperous ; and with its failure, his 
fortunes had fallen into decay. He became involved in the 
gradual ruin which fell on the principal trade of the place, 
and which, in 1590, drew from the bailiff" and burgesses of 
Stratford, a supplication to the Lord Treasurer Burghley, 
lamenting the distresses of the town; "for want of such 
trade as heretofore they had by clothinge, and making of 
yarne, ymploying and mayntayninge a number of poore 
people by the same, which now live in great penury and 
miserie, by reason they are not set at worke, as before they 
have been." 

In this unfavorable state of the affairs of his family, Shak- 
speare was withdrawn from school ; " his assistance was 
wanted at home." It was, I should imagine, at this juncture, 
that his father, no longer able to secure a respectable sub- 
sistence for his wife and children, by his original trade as a 
wool-stapler, had recourse to the inferior occupation of a 
butcher ; and, if the tale be founded in fact, which Aubrey 
says " he was told heretofore by some of his neighbours," 
then it must have been, that Shakspeare began to exhibit 
his dramatic propensities, and " when he killed a calfe, would 
do it in a high style, and make a speech." 

The assistance, however, which the poet rendered his 
father in his business, was not of long duration. He had 
just attained the age of eighteen, when he was married. 
The object of this early attachment was Anne, the daughter 
of Richard Hathaway, a substantial yeoman, in the neigh- 
borhood of his native town. She was eight years older than 
her husband ; and Oldys, without stating his authority, in 
one of his MSS. mentions her as beautiful. It may be feared 
that this marriage was not perfectly happy. From the cele- 
brated passage in Ticelfth Night, concluding with 

" Then let thy love be younger than thyself, 
Or thy affection cannot hold the bent," 

We may suspect that Shakspeare, at the time of writing this, 



xiv. THE LIFE OF 

which was probably his last play, had lived to repent his too 
early marriage, and the indulgence of an affection so much 
" misgrafted in respect of years." Such is the conjecture of 
Malone ; but it is hardly fair to apply personally to the poet 
the general maxims that may be discovered in his works. 
His daughter Susanna was born in the following year. The 
parish register of Stratford informs us that within eighteen 
months afterwards his wife bore twins, a son and daughter, 
who were baptized by the names of Hamet and Judith : and 
thus, when little more than twenty, Shakspeare had already 
a wife and three children dependent on his exertions for 
support. 

Malone supposes that our author was at this time em- 
ployed in an attorney's office, and gives a long list of quota- 
tions from his works, whieh show how familiarly he was 
acquainted with the terms and the usages of the law, in 
support of his conjecture. As there are no other grounds 
for entertaining such a supposition ; as testimony of the same 
nature, and equally strong, might be adduced to prove that 
Shakspeare was a member of almost every other trade or pro- 
fession, for he was ignorant of none ; and as the legal 
knowledge which he displays might easily have been caught 
up in conversation, or indeed from experience in the quirks 
and technicalities of the law, during the course of his own 
and his father's difficulties ; I have little hesitation in classing 
this among the many ingenious but unsound conjectures of 
the learned editor, and adopting the tradition of Aubrey 
respecting the avocation of this portion of his life. To sat- 
isfy the claims that were multiplying around him, Shakspeare 
endeavored to draw upon his talents and acquirements as the 
source of his supplies, and undertook the instruction of 
children. 

The portion of classical knowledge that he brought to the 
task, has given occasion for much controversy, which it is 
now impossible to determine. The school at which he was 
educated, produced several individuals, among the contem- 
poraries of our great poet, who were not deficient in learning; 
and though he was prematurely withdrawn from their com- 
panionship, it would be difficult to believe, that with his 



WILLIAM SHAKSPEARE. xv . 

quickness of apprehension, he could have mingled for any 
considerable time in their course of study, without attaining 
a proportionate share of their information. " He understood 
Latin pretty well," says Aubrey; and this account corre- 
sponds exactly with the description of his friend Ben Jonson, 
who speaks of him as one possessed " of little Latin and less 
Greek." Dr. Farmer, indeed, has proved, that translations 
of all the classics to which Shakspeare has referred, were 
already in circulation before he wrote ; and that in most of 
his allusions to Greek and Latin authors, evident traces are 
discoverable of his having consulted the translation instead 
of the original. But this fact establishes very little : it might 
have proceeded from indolence, or from the haste of compo- 
sition, urging him to the readiest sources of information, 
rather than from any incapacity of availing himself of those 
which were more pure, but less accessible. That he should 
appear unlearned in the judgment of Jonson, who, perhaps, 
measured him by the scale of his own enormous erudition, is 
no imputation on his classical attainments. A man may 
have made great advances in the knowledge of the dead lan- 
guages, and yet be esteemed as having " little Latin and less 
Greek," by onewho has reached those heights of scholarship, 
which the friend and companion of Shakspeare had achieved. 
It is a proof that his acquirements in the classic languages 
were considerable, or Jonson would scarcely have deemed 
them of sufficient value to be at all numbered among his 
qualifications. As to French, it is certain he did not deal 
with translations only ; for the last line of one of his most 
celebrated speeches, the Seven Ages of Man, in As you like 
it, is imitated from a poem called the Henriade, which was 
first published in 1594, in France, and never translated. 
Gamier, the author of it, is describing the appearance of the 
ghost of Admiral Coligny, on the night after his murder, at 
the massacre of St. Bartholomew, and introduces the follow* 
ing passage : — 

Sans pieds, sans mains, sans nez, sans oreillcs, sans yeux, 

Meurtri de toutes parts. 

The verse of Shakspeare, 

Sans teeth, sans eyes, sans taste, sans every thing, 



xvi. ( THE LIFE OF 

scarcely exceeds the rules of legitimate translation ; and the 
introduction and repetition of the French preposition, indi- 
cates that the coincidence was intentional, and stands as an 
acknowledgment of the imitation. Mr. Capel Lofft has, 
perhaps, very fairly estimated the extent of Shakspeare's lit- 
erary acquirements : " He had what would now be considered 
a very reasonable proportion of Latin ; he was not wholly 
ignorant of Greek ; he had a knowledge of the French so as 
to read it with ease ; and I believe not less of the Italian. 
He was habitually conversant in the chronicles of his country. 
He had deeply imbibed the Scriptures." — And again, in 
speaking of his Venus and Adonis and the Rape of Lucrece, 
which were the first published efforts of Shakspeare's genius, 
Mr. Lofft continues : " I think it not easy, with due attention 
to these poems, to doubt of his having acquired, when a boy, 
no ordinary facility in the classic language of Rome ; and, 
when Jonson said he had ' less Greek,' had it been true that 
he had none, it would have been as easy for the verse as for 
the sentiment, to have said ' no Greek.' " 

With these qualifications for the task, Shakspeare applied 
himself to the labor of tuition. But both the time and the 
habits of his life, rendered him peculiarly unfit for the situa- 
tion. The gaiety of his disposition naturally inclined him to 
society; and the thoughtlessness of youth prevented his 
being sufficiently scrupulous about the conduct and the char- 
acters of his associates. " He had by a misfortune, common 
enough to young fellows, fallen into ill company," says 
Itowe ; and the excesses into which they seduced him, were 
by no means consistent with that seriousness of deportment 
and behavior which is expected to accompany the occupation 
that he had adopted. The following anecdote of these days 
of his riot, is still current at Stratford, and the neighboring 
village of Bidford. I give it in the words of the author from 
whom it is taken. Speaking of Bidford, he says, " there 
were anciently two societies of village-yeomanry in this place, 
who frequently met under the appellation of Bidford topers. 
It was a custom of these heroes to challenge any of their 
neighbors, famed for the love of good ale, to a drunken com- 
bat : among others, the people of Stratford were called out 



WILLIAM SHAKSPEARE. xvii. 

to a trial of strength, and in the number of their champions, 
as the traditional story runs, our Shakspeare, who forswore 
all thin potations, and addicted himself to ale as lustily as 
Falstaff to his sack, is said to have entered the lists. In 
confirmation of this tradition, we find an epigram written by 
Sir Aston Cockayn, and published in his poems in 1658, p. 
124 ; it runs thus : — 

TO MR. CLEMENT FISHER, OF WINCOT. 
Shakspeare, your Wincot ale hath much renown'd, 
That fox'd a beggar so (by chance was found 
Sleeping) that there needed not many a word 
To make him to believe he was a lord : 
But you affirm (and in it seems most eager), 
'Twill make a lord as drunk as any beggar. 
Bid Norton brew such ale as Shakspeare fancies 
Did put Kit Sly into such lordly trances ; 
And let us meet there (for a fit of gladness), 
And drink ourselves merry in sober sadness. 

' " When the Stratford lads went over to Bidford, they found 
the topers were gone to Evesham fair ; but were told, if they 
wished to try their strength with the sippers, they were ready 
for the contest. This being acceded to, our bard and his 
companions were staggered at the first outset, when they 
thought it advisable to sound a retreat, while the means of 
retreat were practicable ; and they had scarce marched half a 
mile, before they were all forced to lay down more than their 
arms, and encamp in a very disorderly and unmilitary form, 
under no better covering than a large crab-tree ; and there 
they rested till morning. 

" This tree is yet standing by the side of the road. If, as 
it has been observed by the late Mr. T. Warton, the meanest 
hovel to which Shakspeare has an allusion interests curiosity, 
and acquires an importance, surely the tree which has spread 
its shade over him, and sheltered him from the dews of the 
night, has a claim to our attention. 

" In the morning, when the company awakened our bard, 
the story says, they entreated him to return to Bidford, and 
renew the charge ; but this he declined, and looking round 



xviii. THE LIFE OF 

upon the adjoining villages, exclaimed, 'No! I have had 
enough ; I have drank with 

Piping Pebworth, Dancing Marston, 
Haunted Hillbro', Hungry Grafton, 
Dudging Exhall, Papist Wicksford, 
Beggarly Broom, and Drunken Bidford.' 

" Of the truth of this story, I have very little doubt ; it is 
certain that the crab-tree is known all around the country by 
the name of Shakspeare's crab ; and that the villages to 
which the allusion is made, all bear the epithets here given 
them : the people of Pebworth are still famed for their skill 
on the pipe and tabor ; Hillborough is now called Haunted 
Hillborough ; and Grafton is notorious for the poverty of its 
soil." 

The above relation, if it be true, presents us with a most 
unfavorable picture of the manners and morals prevalent 
among the youth of Warwickshire, in the early years of 
Shakspeare ; and it fills us with regret, to find our immortal 
poet, with faculties so exalted, competing the bad pre- 
eminence in such abominable contests. It is some relief to 
know that, though he erred in uniting himself with such 
gross associations, he was the first to retreat from them in 
disgust. 

We can scarcely, at the present day, form a correct and 
impartial judgment of a subsequent offence, in which these 
mischievous connexions involved him as a party. The trans- 
gression, weighty as it would now be considered, appears to 
admit of great extenuation, on account of the manners and 
sentiments that prevailed at the time ; and when we contem- 
plate the consequences to which it led, we find it difficult to 
condemn, with much severity of censure, the occasion by 
which Shakspeare was removed from the intercourse of such 
unworthy companions, and by which those powerful energies 
of intellect were awakened in one, who might otherwise, 
perhaps, have been degraded in the course of vulgar sensual- 
ities, to an equality with his associates, or have attained to 
no higher distinction than the applauses of a country town. 

One of the favorite amusements of the wild companions 



WILLIAM SHAKSPEARE. xix. 

with whom Shakspeare had connected himself, was the 
stealing of " deer and conies." This violation of the rights 
of property, must not, however, be estimated with the rigor 
which would at the present day attach to a similar offence. 
In those ruder ages, the spirit of Robin Hood was yet 
abroad, and deer and coney-stealing classed, with robbing 
orchards, among the more adventurous but ordinary levities 
of youth. It was considered in the light of an indiscretion, 
rather than of a criminal offence ; and in this particular, the 
young men of Stratford were countenanced by the practice 
of the students of the Universities. In these hazardous ex- 
ploits, Shakspeare was not backward in accompanying his 
comrades. The person in whose neighborhood, perhaps on 
whose property, these encroachments were made, was of all 
others the individual from whose hands they were least likely 
to escape with impunity in case of detection. Sir Thomas 
Lucy was a Puritan ; and the severity of manners which has 
always characterized this sect, would teach him to extend 
very little indulgence to the excesses of Shakspeare and his 
wilful companions. He was besides a game preserver: in his 
place, as a member of parliament, he had been an active in- 
strument in the formation or the game laws : and the tress- 
passes of our poet, whether committed on the demesne of 
himself or others, were as offensive to his predilections as to 
his principles. Shakspeare and his compeers were discovered, 
and fell under the rigid lash of Sir Thomas Lucy's authority 
and resentment. The knight attacked the poet with the 
penalties of the law; and the poet revenged himself by 
sticking the following satirical copy of verses on the knight's 
park. 

COPY OF THE VERSES ON SIR THOMAS LUCY. 
" A parliement member, a justice of peace, 
At home a poore scarecrowe, in London an asse ; 
If Lucy is Lowsie, as some volke misscall it, 
Synge Lowsie Lucy whatever befall it. 

He thinKS hymself greate, yet an asse in hys state 
We alio we bye his eares but with asses to mate ; 
If Lucy is Lowsie, as some volke misscall it, 
Synge Lowsie Lucy whatever befall it. 



xx. THE LIFE OF 

He's a haughty proud insolent knighte of the shire, 
At home nobodye loves, yet theres many him feare j 
If Lucy is Lowsie, as some volke misscall it, 
Synge Lowsie Lucy whatever befall it. 

To the sessions he went, and dyd sorely complain, 
His parke had been rob'd, and his deer they were slain j 
This Lucy is Lowsie, as some volke misscall it 
Synge Lowsie Lucy whatever befall it. 

He sayd 'twas a ryot, his men had been beat, 
His venson was stole, and clandestinely eat ; 
Soe Lucy is Lowsie, as some volke misscall it, 
Synge Lowsie Lucy whatever befall it. 

Soe haughty was he when the fact was confess'd, 
He said 'twas a crime that could not bee redress'd ; 
Soe Lucy is Lowsie, as some volke misscall it, 
Synge Lowsie Lucy whatever befall it. 

Though Lucies a dozen he paints in his coat, 
His name it shall Lowsie for Lucy bee wrote ; 
For Lucy is Lowsie as some volke misscall it, 
Synge Lowsie Lucy whatever befall it. 

[f a iuvenile frolick he cannot forgive, 
We'll synge Lowsie Lucy as long as we live ; 
And Lucy the Lowsie a libel may call it, 
We'll synge Lowsie Lucy whatever befall it." 

It would appear that the above song, the first effort we 
have received of our author's poetical talents, was not his 
only attempt at this kind of retaliation. It is said, in a book 
called a Manuscript History of the Stage, which is supposed 
by Malone to have been written between 1727 and 1730, 
" that the learned Mr. Joshua Barnes, late Greek professor 
of the University of Cambridge, baiting about forty years 
ago at an inn in Stratford, and hearing an old woman singing 
part of the abovesaid song, such was his respect for Mr. 
Shakspeare's genius, that he gave her a new gown for the 
two following stanzas in it ; and could she have said it all, 
he would (as he often said in company, when any discourse 
has casually arose about him) have given her ten guineas. 



WILLIAM SHAKSPEARE. xxi. 

" Sir Thomas was too covetous, 

To covet so much deer j 
When horns enough upon his head 

Most plainly did appear. 

Had not his worship one deer left? 

What then ? He had a wife, 
Took pains enough to find him horns 

Should last him during life." 

The volume in which, this anecdote is found, is not much 
to be relied upon ; for the author has been, in several in- 
stances, detected as too credulous in receiving the reports 
of others, or as actually criminal, in giving the reins to his 
imagination, and supplying the want of facts by the re- 
sources of his invention. The verses, however, which prove 
not to have been, as was originally supposed, part of the first 
satirical effusion, but the fragment of another jeu d? esprit ol 
the same kind, and on the same subject, sufficiently authen- 
ticate themselves. The quibble on the word deer, is one that 
was familiar with our author ; and, says Whiter, " the lines 
may be readily conceived to have proceeded from our young 
bard, before he was removed from the little circle of his 
native place." Besides, the author of the book in which 
they were first published must have possessed an intrepidity 
of falsehood unparalleled in the history of literary forgeries, 
if he had dared, so soon after the death of Joshua Barnes, to 
advance a story of this kind as a notorious fact, when, had it 
been a fiction, any of the professor's friends would have "had 
an opportunity of contradicting him. Malone considers these 
verses, as well as the first, a forgery ; and cites the epitaph 
erected by Sir Thomas Lucy, in praise of his wife, as evidence 
of their spuriousness. Exaggerated censure is the very es- 
sence of a satire : exaggerated praise is the universal charac- 
teristic of the epitaph. Each is equally wide of the truth : 
it is probable, that the real character of Lady Lucy neither 
warranted the panegyric of her husband, nor the severity of 
Shakspeare. But it would, at the present day, puzzle the in- 
genuity of an (Edipus, to determine which was most likely 
to afford the fairest estimate of her worth. 



xxii. THE LIFE OF 

The contest between Shakspeare and Sir Thomas Lucy was 
unequal ; and the result was such as might have been antici- 
pated, from the disproportion that existed between the 
strength and weapons of the opposing parties. The poet 
might irritate by his wit ; but the magistrate could wound by 
his authority. It is recorded by Mr. Davies, that the knight 
" had him oft whipt, and sometimes imprisoned, and at last 
made him fly his native country." That the severity was 
undue, there can be little room for doubting. Every contem- 
porary who has spoken of our author, has been lavish in the 
praise of his temper and disposition. " The gentle Shak- 
speare " seems to have been his distinguishing appellation. 
No slight portion of our enthusiasm for his writings, may be 
traced to the fair picture which they present of our author's 
character : we love the tenderness of heart — the candor and 
openness, and singleness of mind — the largeness of senti- 
ment — the liberality of opinion, Avhich the whole tenor of 
his works prove him to have possessed : his faults seem to 
have been the transient aberrations of a thoughtless moment, 
which reflection never failed to correct. The ebullitions of 
high spirits might mislead him ; but the principles and the 
affections never swerved from what was right. Against such 
a person, the extreme severity of the magistrate should not 
have been exerted. His youth — his genius — his accom- 
plishments — his wife and children, should have mitigated 
the authority that was armed against him. The powerful 
enemy of Shakspeare was not to be appeased : the heart of 
the Puritan or the game-preserver is very rarely " framed of 
penetrable stuff." Our author fled from the inflexible perse- 
cutions of his opponent, to seek a shelter in the metropolis ; 
and he found friends, and honor, and wealth, and fame, 
where he had only hoped for an asylum. Sir Thomas Lucy 
remained to enjoy the triumph of his victory ; and he yet 
survives in the character of Justice Shallow, as the laughing- 
stock of posterity, and as another specimen of the exquisite 
skill, with which the victim of his magisterial authority was 
capable of painting the peculiarities of the weak and the 
vain, the arrogant and the servile. 

About the year 1587, in the twenty-third of his age, Shak- 



WILLIAM SHAKSPEARE. xxiii. 

6peare arrived in London. It is not possible to discover the 
inducements which led our poet, after his flight from Strat- 
ford, to seek his home and his subsistence in the neighbor- 
hood of a theatre. Probably, in the course of their travels, 
he might have formed an acquaintance with some of the per- 
formers, during the occasional visits which they had made to 
Stratford. Heminge and Burbage, distinguished performers 
of the time, were both Warwickshire men, and born in the 
vicinity of Stratford. Greene, another celebrated comedian 
of the day, was the townsman, and he is thought to have 
been the relation, of Shakspeare. On arriving in the me- 
tropolis, these were, perhaps, his only acquaintance, and they 
secured his introduction to the theatre. It seems, however, ' 
agreed, that his first occupation there was of the lowest 
order. One tradition relates, that his original office was that 
of call-boy, or prompter's attendant ; whose employment it 
is, to give the performers notice to be ready to enter, as often 
as the business of the play requires their attendance upon 
the stage ; while another account, which has descended in a 
very regular line from Sir William D'Avenant to Dr. Johnson, 
states, that Shakspeare's first expedient was to wait at the 
door of the play-house, and hold the horses of those who 
rode to the theatre, and had no servants to take charge of 
them during the hours of performance. It is said, "that he 
became so conspicuous in this office, for his care and readi- 
ness, that in a short time, every man as he alighted called 
for Will Shakspeare; and scarcely any other waiter was 
trusted with a horse, while Will Shakspeare could be had. 
This was the first dawn of better fortune. Shakspeare 
finding more horses put into his hand than he could hold, 
hired boys to wait under his inspection, who, when Will 
Shakspeare was summoned, were immediately to present 
themselves, i" am Shakspeare's boy, sir. In time, Shakspeare 
found higher employment, but as long as the practice of 
riding to the play-house continued, the waiters that held the 
horses retained the appellation of Shakspeare's boys. That 
the above anecdote was really communicated by Pope, there 
is no room to doubt. This fact Dr. Johnson states upon his 
own authority, and coming from such a source, the story is 



xxiv. THE LIFE OF 

certainly deserving of more respect than the commentators 
have been inclined to attach to it. It was originally related 
by D'Avenant, who, if the frequenters of the theatre had 
been in the habit of riding to the play, must have remem- 
bered the time ; and if at that time, the lads who took 
charge of the horses were, as he affirmed, called Shakspeare's 
boys, that circumstance is the strongest possible corrobora- 
tion of the story. But it was known to Rowe, and rejected 
by him ; and Steevens advances this omission as a proof that 
our author's first biographer considered the anecdote incredi- 
ble, and wholly undeserving his attention. Howe's suppres- 
sion of the fact may, however, have originated in some other 
cause than his suspicion of its truth. Might he not have 
been actuated by that absurd spirit of refinement, which is 
only too common among the writers of biography, as well as 
history, and which induces them to conceal or misrepresent 
every occurrence which is at all of a humiliating nature, and 
does not accord with those false and effeminate notions so 
generally entertained respecting the dignity of that peculiar 
class of composition ? But, however inferior the situation 
which Shakspeare occupied on first entering upon his dra- 
matic career, his talents were not long buried in obscurity. 
He rapidly rose to the highest station in the theatre ; and, 
by the power of his genius, raised our national dramatio 
poetry, then in its merest infancy, to the highest state of 
perfection which it is perhaps capable of reaching. 

It is impossible for any art to have attained a more rapid 
growth, than was attained by the art of dramatic writing in 
this country. The people had, indeed, been long accustomed 
to a species of exhibition called miracles, or mysteries, 
founded on sacred subjects, and performed by the ministers 
of religion themselves, on the holy festivals, in or near the 
churches, and designed to instruct the ignorant in the leading 
facts of sacred history. From the occasional introduction of 
allegorical characters, such as Faith, Death, Hope, or Siti, 
into these religious dramas, representations of another kind, 
called moralities, had by degrees arisen, of which the plots 
were more artificial, regular, and connected, and which were 
entirely formed of such personifications ; but the first rough 



WILLIAM SHAKSPEARE. xxv. 

draught of a regular tragedy and comedy that appeared, Lord 
Sackville's Gorboduc, and Still's Gammer Gurton's Needle, 
were not produced till within the latter half of the sixteenth 
century, and but little more than twenty years previous to 
Shakspeare's arrival in the metropolis. 

About that time, the attention of the public began to be 
more generally directed to the stage ; and it throve admirably 
beneath the cheerful beams of popularity. The theatrical 
performances which had, in the early part of the reign of 
Elizabeth, been exhibited on temporary stages, erected in 
such halls or apartments as the actors could procure, or, 
more generally, in the yards of the great inns, while the 
spectators surveyed them from the surrounding windows and 
galleries, began to be established tn more convenient and 
permanent situations. About the year 1569, a regular play- 
house, under the appropriate name of The Theatre was built. 
It is supposed to have stood somewhere in Blackfriars ; and 
three years after the commencement of this establishment, 
yielding to her inclination for the amusements of the theatre, 
and disregarding the remonstrances of the Puritans, the 
queen granted license and authority to the Servants of the 
Earl of Leicester, "to use, exercise, and occupie the arte 
and facultie of playinge comedies, tragedies, interludes, 
stage-playes, as well for the recreation of our lovinge sub- 
jects, as for our solace and pleasure, when we shall thinke 
good to see them, throughoute our realme of England." 
From this time, the number of theatres increased with the 
ripening taste and the increasing demands of the people. 
Various noblemen had their respective companies of per- 
formers, who were associated as their servants, and acted 
under their protection ; and during the period of Shakspeare's 
theatrical career, not less than seven principal play-houses 
were open in the metropolis. 

Of these the Globe, and the play-house in Blackfriars, 
were the property of the company to which Shakspeare was 
himself attached, and by whom all his productions were ex- 
hibited. The Globe appears to have been a wooden building, 
of a considerable size, hexagonal without, and circular 
within ; it was thatched in part, but a large portion of the 



xxvi. THE LIFE OF 

roof was open to the weather. This was the company's sum- 
mer theatre ; and the plays were acted by daylight : at the 
Blachfriars, on the contrary, which was the winter theatre, 
the top was entirely closed, and the performances were ex- 
hibited by candle-light. In every other respect, the economy 
and usages of these houses appear to have been the same, 
and to have resembled those of every other contemporary 
theatre. 

With respect to the interior arrangements, there were very 
few points of difference between our modern theatres and 
those of the days of Shakspeare. The terms of admission, 
indeed, were considerably cheaper; to the boxes the entrance 
was a shilling, to the pit and galleries only sixpence. Six- 
pence, also, was the price paid for stools upon the stage ; and 
these seats, as we learn from Decker's Gull's Hornbook, were 
peculiarly affected by the wits and critics at the time. The 
conduct of the audience was less restrained by the sense of 
public decorum, and smoking tobacco, playing at cards, eating 
and drinking, were generally prevalent among them : the 
hour of performance also was earlier ; the play beginning at 
first at one, and afterwards at three o'clock, in the afternoon. 
During the time of representation, a flag was unfurled at the 
top of the theatre ; and the floor of the stage (as was the 
case with every floor at the time, from the cottage to the 
palace) was strewn with rushes. But in other respects, the 
ancient theatres seem to have been nearly similar to those of 
modern times : they had their pit, where the inferior class of 
spectators — the groundlings — vented their clamorous cen- 
sure or approbation ; they had their boxes, and even their 
private boxes, of which the right of exclusive admission was 
hired by the night, for the more wealthy and refined portion 
of the audience ; and there were again the galleries, or scaf- 
folds above the boxes, for those who were content to purchase 
inferior accommodations at a cheaper rate. On the stage, 
the arrangements appear to have been nearly the same as at 
present — the curtain divided the audience from the actors; 
which, at the third sounding, not indeed of the bell, but of 
the trumpet, was drawn for the commencement of the per- 
formance. Malone has puzzled himself and his readers, in 



WILLIAM SHAKSPEARE. xxvii. 

in his account of the ancient theatre, by the supposition that 
there was a permanent elevation of about nine feet, at the 
back of the stage, from which, in many of the old plays, part 
of the dialogue was spoken ; and that there was a private 
box on each side of this platform. Such an arrangement 
would have precluded the possibility of all theatrical illusion ; 
and it seems an extraordinary place to fix upon as a station 
for spectators, where they could have seen nothing but the 
backs and trains of the performers. But as Malone himself 
acknowledges the spot to have been inconvenient, and that 
" it is not -very easy to ascertain the precise situation where 
these boxes were ; " it may be presumed, from our knowledge 
of the good sense of our forefathers, that, if indeed such 
boxes existed at all, they certainly were not where the histo- 
rian of the English stage has placed them. Malone was pos- 
sessed with an opinion, that the use of scenes was unknown 
in the early years of our national drama, and he was perhaps 
not unwilling to adopt such a theory respecting the distribu- 
tion of the stage as would effectually preclude the supposi- 
tion that such aids to the imagination of the audience had 
ever been employed. That he was in error respecting the 
want of painted scenery, I cannot help suspecting, even 
against the high authority of Mr. Giftbrd. As to his perma- 
nent platform, or upper stage, he may, or may not, be correct 
in his opinion ; all that is certain \;pon this subject is, that 
his quotations do not authorize the conclusion that he has 
deduced from them ; and only prove that in the old, as in the 
modern theatre, when the actor was to speak from a window, 
or appear upon a balcony, or on the walls of a fortress, the 
requisite ingenuity was wanting to contrive an adequate rep- 
resentation of the place. But, with regard to the use of 
scenery, it is scarcely possible, from the very circumstances 
of the case, that such a contrivance should have escaped our 
ancestors. All the materials were ready to their hands ; they 
had not to invent for themselves, but to adapt an old inven- 
tion to their own purposes : and at a time when every better 
apartment was adorned with tapestry ; when even the rooms 
of the commonest taverns were hung with painted cloths ; 
while all the essentials of scenery were continually before 



xxvih. THE LIFE OF 

their eyes, we can hardly believe our forefathers to have been 
so deficient in ingenuity, as to suppose that they never could 
have conceived the design of converting the common orna- 
ments of their walls into the decorations of their theatres. 
But, the fact appears to be, that the use of scenery was 
almost coexistent with the introduction of dramatic repre- 
sentations in this country. In the Chester Mysteries, written 
in 12G8, and Avhich are the most ancient and complete collec- 
tion of the kind that we possess, we have the following stage 
direction: "Then Noe shall go into the arke with all his 
familye, his wife excepte. The arke must be boarded round 
about, and upon the hordes all the beastes and foioles hereafter 
rehearsed must be painted, that their wordes may agree with 
the pictures." In this passage, then, is a distinct reference 
to a painted scene ; and it is not likely, that in the lapse of 
three centuries, while all other arts were in a state of rapid 
improvement, and the art of dramatic writing perhaps more 
rapidly and successfully improved than any other, the art of 
theatrical decoration should have alone stood still. It is not 
improbable that their scenes were few ; and that these were 
varied as occasion might require, by the introduction of dif- 
ferent pieces of stage furniture. Mr. Gifford, who adheres 
to Malone's opinion, says, "a table with a pen and ink thrust 
in, signified that the stage was a counting-house ; if these 
were withdrawn, and two stools put in their places, it was 
then a tavern;" and this might be perfectly satisfactory, as 
long as the business of the play was supposed to be passing 
within doors ; but when it was removed to the open air, such 
meagre devices would no longer be sufficient to guide the im- 
agination of the audience, and some new method must have 
been adopted to indicate the place of action. After giving 
the subject considerable attention, I cannot help thinking 
that Steevens was right in rejecting the evidence of Malone, 
strong as it may in some instances appear ; and concluding 
that the spectators were, as at the present day, assisted in 
following the progress of the story, by means of painted and 
movable scenery. This opinion is confirmed by the ancient 
stage directions. In the folio Shakspeare, of 1623, we read, 
"Enter Brutus, in his orchard." "Enter Timon, in the 



"WILLIAM SHAKSPEARE. xxix. 

woods." " Enter Timon, from his cave." In Coriolanus : 
" Marcius follows them to the gates, and is shut in." Innu- 
merable instances of the same kind might be cited, to prove 
that the ancient stage was not so defective in the necessary 
decorations as some antiquarians of great authority would 
represent. " It may be added," says Steevens, " that the 
dialogue of Shakspeare has such perpetual reference to ob- 
jects supposed visible to the audience, that the want of 
scenery could not have failed to render many of the descrip- 
tions uttered by the speakers absurd and laughable. Banquo 
examines the outside of Iverness castle with such minute- 
ness, that he distinguishes even the nests which the martins 
had built under the projecting parts of its roof. Romeo, 
standing in a garden, points to the tops of fruit-trees gilded 
by the moon. The prologue speaker to the Second Part of 
King Henry IV., expressly shows the spectators, " this worm- 
eaten hold of ragged stone," in which Northumberland was 
lodged. Iachimo takes the most exact inventory of every 
article in Imogen's bed-chamber, from the silk and silver of 
which her tapestry was wrought, down to the Cupids that 
support her andirons. Had not the inside of this apartment, 
with its proper furniture, been represented, how ridiculous 
must the action of Iachimo have appeared ! He must have 
stood looking out of the room for the particulars supposed to 
be visible within it. In one of the parts of King Henry VI., 
a cannon is discharged against a tower ; and conversations 
are held in almost every scene from different walls, turrets, 
and battlements." Indeed, must not all the humor of the 
mock play in the Midsummer Night's Dream have failed in 
its intent, unless the audience before whom it was performed 
were accustomed to be gratified by the combination of all the 
embellishments requisite to give effect to a dramatic repre- 
sentation, and could therefore estimate the absurdity of those 
shallow contrivances, and mean substitutes for scenery, which 
were devised by the ignorance of the clowns ? 

In only one respeet do I perceive any material difference 
between the mode of representation at the time of Shak- 
speare and at present. In his day, the female parts were 
performed by boys : this custom, which must in many cases 



xxx. THE LIFE OF 

have materially injured the allusion of the scene, was in 
others of considerable advantage. It furnished the stage 
with a succession of youths regularly educated to the art, 
and experienced to fill the parts appropriate for their age. 
It obviated the necessity of obtruding performers before the 
public in parts that were unsuited to their time of life. "When 
the lad had become too tall for Juliet, he was prepared to act, 
and was most admirably calculated in age to assume, the 
character of the ardent Romeo: when the voice had the 
" manish crack," that rendered the youth unfit to appear as 
the representative of the gentle Imogen, he was skilled in 
the knowledge of the stage, and capable of doing justice to 
the princely sentiments of Arviragus or Guiderius. 

Such then was the state of the stage when Shakspeare en- 
tered into its service, in the double capacity of actor and 
author. As an author, though Dryden says, that 

" Shakspeure's own muse his Pericles first bore," 

it is most probable that Titus Andronicus was the earliest 
dramatic effort of his pen. Shakspeare arrived in London 
about the year 1587, and according to the date of the latter 
play, as imitated -by Ben Jonson, in his introduction to Bar- 
tholomew Fair, we find it to have been produced immediately 
after his arrival. That Titus Andro?iicus is really the work 
of Shakspeare, it would be a defiance to all contemporary 
evidence to doubt. It was not only printed among his works 
by his friends, Heminge and Condell, but is mentioned as 
one of his tragedies by an author, who appears to have been 
admitted to a sight of his MS. sonnets. Against this testi- 
mony, the critics have nothing to oppose but the accumulated 
horrors of its plot ; the stately march of its versification ; 
and the dissimilarity of its style from the other efforts of 
Shakspeare's genius. It does not strike me that these argu- 
ments are sufficient to lead us to reject the play as the com- 
position of our great dramatist. He was, perhaps, little 
more than three-and-twenty years of age when it was com- 
posed. The plays which at the time had possession of the 
stage, of which very few had been written, and not above 
fifteen are extant, supposing Andronicus to have been pro- 



WILLIAM SHAKSPEAKE. xxxi 

duced in 1589, were all of the same bombastic and exag- 
gerated character ; and the youthful poet naturally imitated 
the popular manner, and strove to beat his contemporaries 
•with their own weapons. However tiresome the tragedy may 
be to us, it was a great favorite at its first appearance. It 
was full of barbarities that shock the refined taste ; but these 
formed a mode of exciting the interest of the audience which 
was very commonly had recourse to by the play-writers of the 
age, and from which Shakspeare never became fully weaned, 
even at a period when his judgment was matured ; as we may 
learn from the murder of Macduff's children, the hamstring- 
ing of Cassio, and the plucking out of the eyes of Gloucester. 
The versification and language of the play, are certainly 
very different from those of Othello, of Hamlet, of Macbeth, 
or Lear. The author had not yet acquired that facility of 
composition for which he was afterwards distinguished. He 
wrote with labor, and left in every line the trace of the labor 
in which he wrote. He had not yet discovered (and it was he 
who eventually made the discovery), that the true language 
of nature and of passion is that which passes most directly 
to the heart ; but it is not with the works of his experienced 
years, that this " bloody tragedy " should be compared ; if it 
be, we certainly should find a difficulty in admitting that 
writings of such opposite descriptions, could be the effusions 
of the same intellect ; but, compare this tragedy with the 
other works of his youth, and the difficulty vanishes. Is it 
improbable that the author of the Venus and Adonis, and the 
Rape of Lucrece, should, on turning his attention to the 
stage, produce as heavy and monotonous a performance as 
Titus Andronicus ? 

I have been rather more diffuse upon this subject, than the 
nature of the present notice would appear to warrant, because 
it affords the means of ascertaining the time when Shak- 
speare commenced writer for the stage. If Titus Andronicus 
be really his, as I suppose, he became an author immediately 
on finding himself in the service of the theatre. His first 
play, though we now despise and reject it, was the best play 
that had been presented to the public ; and immediately 
placed him in the first ranks of the profession, and among 



xxxii. THE LIFE OF 

the principal supports of the company to which he was 
attached. 

Pericles, if the work of Shakspeare, was probably his next 
dramatic production. Dryden has most unequivocally attrib- 
uted this play to Shakspeare, and he was also commended as 
its author, in 1646, by S. Shepherd, in a poem called Time 
disjrfayed. It is true that it was omitted by Heminge and 
Condell, in their collection of our poet's works ; but this may 
have proceeded from forgetfulness, and it was only by an 
afterthought, that Trolius and Cresida escaped a similar for- 
tune. How far Pericles, as originally written, was or was 
not, worthy the talents of Shakspeare, we have no means of 
judging. The only edition of this tragedy that have come 
down to us, are three spurious quartos, of which the text 
was printed from copies taken by illiterate persons during 
representation, and published without any regard to the 
property or the reputation of the author, to impose on the 
curiosity of the public. The Pericles of Shakspeare may 
have been a splendid composition, and yet not have shown 
so in the garbled editions of the booksellers. We may esti- 
mate the injuries Pericles received, by the injuries which 
we know were inflicted upon Hamlet on its first issuing, 
after such a process, from the press. In the first edition of 
Hamlet, 1603, there is scarcely a trace of the beauty and 
majesty of Shakspeare's work. Long passages, and even 
scenes, are misplaced ; grammar is set wholly at defiance ; 
half lines frequently omitted, so as to destroy the sense ; 
and sentences brought together without any imaginable con- 
nexion. Sometimes the transcriber caught the expression, 
but lost the sentiment ; and huddled the words together, 
without any regard to the meaning or no-meaning that they 
might happen to convey: at other times he remembered the 
sentiment, but lost the expression ; and considered it no 
presumption to supply the lines of Shakspeare with doggerel 
verses of his own. Such were, for the most part, the early 
quarto impressions of our author's plays : and it is not diffi- 
cult to conceive, that Pericles, which seems to have suffered 
more than any other play in passing through the ignorant 
and negligent hands of the transcriber and the printer, might 



WILLIAM SHAKSPEARE. xxx iii. 

have been originally the work of Shakspeare, without retain^ 
ing in its published form any distinguishing characteristics of 
the magic hand that framed it. To attempt tracing the lit- 
erary life of our great dramatist were a work of unprofitable 
toil. Chalmers, Malone, and Dr. Drake have given a list of 
his plays, according to the order in which they suppose them 
to have been composed : but the grounds of their conjec- 
tures are so uncertain, that little reliance can be placed in 
them, and all we really know upon the subject, is what we 
learn from Meres, that previously to the year 1598, that is, 
within twelve years after attaching himself to the theatre, 
Shakspeare had not only published his two poems, the Venus 
and Adonis, and the Rape of Lucrece, but had already written 
Titus Andronicus, King John, Richard the Second, Henry the 
Fourth, Richard the Third, Romeo and Juliet, The Midsum- 
mer Night's Dream, Tivo Gentlemen of Verona, The Comedy 
of Errors, The Love's Labor Lost, The Love's Labor Won,* 
and The Merchant of Venice. He had also written a great 
number of his Sonnets, and the minor pieces of poetry which 
were collected and printed by Jaggart, in 1599, under the 
somewhat affected title of the Passionate Pilgrim. After 
this, we have no means of ascertaining the succession in 
which the plays of Shakspeare were composed. 

Very early in his dramatic career, he appears to have at- 
tained to a principal share in the direction and emoluments 
of the theatres to which he was attached. His name stands 
second in the list of the proprietors of the Globe, and Black- 
friars, in the license granted, to them by James the First in 
1603: and his industry in supporting these establishments 
was indefatigable. Besides the plays which were entirely of 
his own composition, or which he so completely rewrote as to 
make them his own, he seems to have been frequently en- 
gaged in revising, and adding to, and remodelling, the 
works of others. This task, however beneficial to the in- 
terests of his theatre, and necessary to give attraction to the 
pieces themselves, was viewed with an eye of jealousy by the 

* There is no such play extant as Love's Labor Won. Dr. Farmer 
supposes this to have been another name for AIVs Well that Ends WeiL 



xxxiv. THE LIFE OF 

original authors ; and Robert Greene, in his Groatsworth of 
Wit, himself a writer for the stage, in admonishing his 
fellow-dramatists to abandon their pursuit, and apply them- 
selves to some more profitable vocation, refers them to this 
part of our author's labors with no little asperity. " Trust 
them not (/. e. the players), for there is an upstart crow beau- 
tified with our feathers, that with his tyger's heart wrapt in 
a player's hide, supposes he is as well able to bombast out a 
blank-verse as the best of you ; and being an absolute Jo- 
hannes factotum, is, in his own conceit, the only Shak-scene 
in a country." This sarcasm, however, was nothing more 
than the unwarranted effusion of a dissolute and disappointed 
spirit. Greene was a bad man. The pamphlet from which 
the above passage is extracted was published after his death 
by Henry Chettle ; and the editor, after he had given it to 
the world, was so satisfied of the falsehood of the charges in- 
sinuated against our author, that he made a public apology 
for his indiscretion in the preface to a subsequent pamphlet 
of his own, entitled, Kind Hart's Dreame ; lamenting that 
he had not omitted, "or at least moderated, what Greene had 
written against Shakspeare, and adding, " I am as sorry as 
if the original fault had been my fault ; because myself have 
seen his demeanour, no less civil than he excelleth in the 
qualitic he jjrofesses : besides dicers of worship have reported 
his uprightness of dealing, which argues his honest ie, and his 
facetious grace in writing, that approves his art." 

It may be conceived from the abundance of his works, of 
which, perhaps, very many have been lost, that our author's 
facility of composition must have been extremely great ; and, 
on this point, we have the contemporary testimony of his 
sincere, kind-hearted, generous, and much slandered friend, 
Ben Jouson, who writes in his Discoveries, " I remember the 
players have often mentioned it as an honor to Shakspeare, 
that in writing (whatsoever he penned) he never blotted out 
a line. My answer hath been, Would that he had blotted out 
a thousand! which they thought a malevolent speech. I had 
not told posterity this, but for their ignorance, who chose 
that circumstance to commend their friend by, wherein he 
most faulted ; and to justify mine own candor, for I loved 



WILLIAM SHAKSPEARE. xxxv. 

the man, and do honor his memory, on this side idolatry, as 
much as any. He was, indeed, honest, and of an open and 
free nature, had an excellent fancy, brave notions, and gentle 
expressions ; wherein he flowed with that felicity, that some- 
times it was necessary he should be stopped : Sufflaminandus 
erat, as Augustus said of Haterius. His wit was in his own 
power ; would the rule of it had been so too. Many times 
he fell into those things which could not escape laughter ; as 
when he said, in the person of Caesar, one speaking to him, 

' Caesar, thou dost me wrong,' 
" He replied : 

• Caesar did never wrong, but with just cause,' 

"and such like, which were ridiculous. But he redeemed 
his vices with his virtues ; there were ever more in him to be 
praised than to be pardoned." 

But Shakspeare was not only an author but an actor. In 
this union of the two professions he was not singular ; his 
friend Ben Jonson resembled him in tfeis. With respect to 
the merits of Shakspeare as a performer, there has existed 
some doubt. From the expression used in Rowe's life, it 
would appear that he had been but indifferently skilled in the 
inferior half of his vocation, and never attempted any parts 
superior to the Ghost in Hamlet ; but the words of Chettle, 
speaking of him as "one excellent in the qualitie he professes" 
confirm the account of Anbrey, that " he did act exceedingly 
well" That he understood the theory of his profession is 
manifest from the invaluable instructions which he has writ- 
ten, for the use of all future actors, in the third act of Ham- 
let. His class of characters was probably not very extensive. 
If the names of the performers prefixed to the early editions 
of Every Man in his Humor were arranged in the same order 
as the persons of the drama, which was most probably the 
case, he was the original representative of Old Knowell ; and 
an anecdote preserved by Oldys would also make it appear 
that he played Adam in As you like it. " One of Shak- 
speare's brothers, who lived to a good old age, even some 
years after the restoration of Charles the Second, would, in 



xxxvi. THE LIFE OF 

his younger days, come to London to visit his brother Will, 
as he called him, and be a spectator of him as an actor in 
some of his own plays. This custom, as his brother's fame 
enlarged, and his dramatic entertainments grew the greatest 
support of our principal, if not of all our theatres, he con- 
tinued it seems so long after his brother's death as even to 
the latter end of his own life. The curiosity at this time of 
the most noted actors (exciting them) to learn something 
from him of his brother, &c, they justly held him in the 
highest veneration. And it may be well believed, as there 
was, besides, a kinsman and descendant of the family, who 
was then a celebrated actor among them (Charles Hart. See 
Shakspeare's Will). This opportunity made them greedily 
inquisitive into every little circumstance, more especially 
in his dramatic character, which his brother could relate of 
him. But he, it seems, was so stricken in years, and possi- 
bly his memory so weakened with infirmities (which might 
make him the easier pass for a man of weak intellects), that 
he could give them but little light into their inquiries ; and 
all that could be recollected from him of his brother Will in 
that station was, the faint, general, and almost lost ideas he 
had of having once seen him act a part in one of his own 
comedies, wherein, being to personate a decrepit old man, he 
wore a long beard, and appeared so weak and drooping and 
unable to walk, that he was forced to be supported and car- 
ried by another person to a table, at which he was seated 
among some other company, who were eating, and one of 
them sung a song." From this it would appear, that the 
class of characters to which the histrionic exertions of Shak- 
speare were confined, was that of elderly persons ; parts, 
rather of declamation than of passion. With a countenance 
which, if any one of his pictures is a genuine resemblance of 
him, we may adduce that one as our authority for esteeming 
capable of every variety of expression ; with a knowledge of 
the art that rendered him fit to be the teacher of the first 
actors of his day ; and to instruct Joseph Taylor in the char- 
acter of Hamlet, and John Lowine in that of King Henry the 
Eighth ; with such admirable qualifications for pre-eminenee, 
we must infer that nothing but some personal defect could 



WILLIAM SHAKSPEARE. xxxvii. 

have reduced him to limit the exercise of his powers, and 
even in youth assume the slow and deliberate motion, which 
is the characteristic of old age. In his minor poems we, 
perhaps, trace the origin of this direction of his talents. It 
appears from two places in his Sonnets, that he was lamed by- 
some accident. In the 37th sonnet he writes — 

" So I made lame by Fortune's dearest spite/' 

And, in the 89th, he again alludes to his infirmity, and says — 

" Speak of my lameness, and I straight will halt." 

This imperfection would necessarily have rendered him unfit 
to appear as the representative of any characters of youthful 
ardor, in which rapidity of movement or violence of exertion 
was demanded ; and would oblige him to apply his powers to 
such parts as were compatible with his measured and im- 
peded action. Malone has most inefficiently attempted to 
explain away the palpable meaning of the above lines ; and 
adds, " If Shakspeare was in truth lame, he had it not in his 
power to halt occasionally for this or any other purpose. The 
defect must have been fixed and permanent." Not so. 
Surely, many an infirmity of the kind may be skilfully con- 
cealed ; or only become visible in the moments of hurried 
movement. Either Sir Walter Scott or Lord Byron might, 
without any impropriety, have written the verses in question. 
They would have been applicable to either of them. Indeed 
the lameness of Lord Byron was exactly such as Shakspeare's 
might have been ; and I remember as a boy, that he selected 
those speeches for declamation, which would not constrain 
him to the use of such exertions as might obtrude the defect 
of his person into notice. 

Shakspeare's extraordinary merits, both as an author and 
as an actor, did not fail of obtaining the fame and remunera- 
tion that they deserved. He was soon honored by the patro- 
nage of the young Lord Southampton, one of the most 
amiable and accomplished noblemen of the court of Eliza- 
beth, and one of the earliest patrons of the national drama. 
To this distinguished person our author dedicated, " the first 
heir of his invention," the poem of Venus and Adonis, in 



xxxviii. THE LIFE OF 

1593. This was within five years after Shakspeare arrived in 
London ; and, in the following year, he inscribed the Rape of 
Lucrece to the same nobleman, in terms which prove that the 
barriers imposed by difference in condition had become grad- 
ually levelled, and that, between these young men, the cold 
and formal intercourse of the patron and client had been 
rapidly exchanged for the kinder familiarity of friendship. 
The first address is respectful ; the second affectionate. 
When this intimacy began Shakspeare was in his twenty- 
seventh, and Lord Southampton in his twentieth year; a 
time of life when the expansion of our kindness is not re- 
strained by any of those apprehensions and suspicions which, 
in after life, impede the development of the affections ; and 
when, in the enthusiastic admiration of excellence, we hasten 
to seek fellowship with it, and disregard every impediment to 
free communication which may be opposed by the artificial 
distinctions of society. The superiority of Shakspeare's 
genius raised him to a level with his friend. Lord South- 
ampton allowed the gifts of Nature to claim equal privilege 
with the gifts of Fortune ; and the splendid present of the 
thousand pounds which our great poet received from him, 
was bestowed and accepted in the true spirit of generosity ; 
as coming from one, who was exercising to its noblest uses 
the power of his affluence, and received by one whose soul 
was large enough to contain the sense of obligation, without 
any mixture of petty shame, or any sacrifice of independence. 
The name of Henry "Wriothesley, Earl of Southampton, 
should be dear to every Englishman, as the first patron — 
the youthful friend — and author of the fortunes of Shak- 
speare. 

The authority for believing that this magnificent present 
was made — which is equivalent to at least five thousand 
pounds at the present day — is the best that can be obtained 
respecting the events of our author's life ; that of Sir "Wil- 
liam D'Avenant. " It was given," he says, " to complete a 
purchase." Malone doubts the extent of the earl's munifi- 
cence — and what docs he not doubt? He says, "no such 
purchase was ever made." This is a mere gratuitous as- 
sumption ; for it is evident that Shakspeare had a very con- 



WILLIAM SHAKSPEARE. xxxix. 

siderable property in the two principal theatres, which must 
have been obtained by purchase, and could not have been ob- 
tained for an inconsiderable sum ; nor by any means that our 
author could of himself have procured, by the most indefati- 
gable exertions of his talents and economy. At a time when 
the most successful dramatic representation did not produce 
to its author so much as twenty pounds, and generally little 
more than ten; when, as an actor his salary would have 
amounted to a mere trifle ; and when, as we have before seen, 
the circumstances of his father could not have aided him by 
any supplies from home, it is only by adopting D'Avenant's 
statement, and admitting the munificence of Lord South- 
ampton, that we can account for the sudden prosperity of 
Shakspeare. " But," says Malone, " it is more likely that 
he presented the poet with a hundred pounds in return for his 
dedications." And this instance of liberality, which is so 
creditable to Shakspeare and his patron — to him who mer- 
ited, and the high-spirited and noble youth who compre- 
hended and rewarded his exalted merit — is to be discredited, 
because such an ardor of imagination does not square with 
the frigid views of probability entertained by the aged anti- 
quarian in his closet ! 

The fortunes of Shakspeare were indeed rapid in their rise : 
but he did not selfishly monopolize the emoluments of his 
success. On being driven from Stratford, he left, as we have 
seen, a father in reduced circumstances, and a wife and chil- 
dren who were to be supported by his labors. "We may confi- 
dently assert, on a comparison of facts and dates, that the 
spirit of Shakspeare was not of a niggard and undiffusive 
kind. The source of his success is marked by the returning 
prosperity of his family. In 1578, his father was unable to 
pay, as a member of the corporation, his usual contribution 
of four-pence a-week to the poor ; and in 1588, a distress 
was issued for the seizure of his goods, which his poverty 
rendered nugatory; for it was returned, "Johannes Shak- 
speare nihil habet unde distributio potest levari." Yet, from 
this state of poverty, we find him within ten years rising with 
the fortunes of his child ; cheered and invigorated by the 
first dawning of his illustrious son's prosperity ; and in 1590, 



3d. THE LIFE OF 

applying at the Herald's Office for a renewal of his grant of 
arms, and described as a Justice of the Peace, and one pos- 
sessing lands and tenements to the amount of £500. That 
this restoration of Mr. John Shakspeare's affairs originated 
in the filial piety of his son, appears evident, from our knowl- 
edge that the branch of traffic with which his circumstances 
in life were inseparably connected, was at that period in its 
most extreme state of depression. 

The kindness of Shakspeare was not restricted to his fam- 
ily ; and the only letter which remains out of the many he 
must have received, is one from his townsman, Richard 
Quincy, requesting, in terms that speak him confident of suc- 
cess, the loan of thirty'pounds, a sum in those days by no 
means inconsiderable. 

Pecuniary emolument and literary reputation were not the 
only reward that our poet received for his labors : the smiles 
of royalty itself shone upon him. " Queen Elizabeth," says 
Rowe, " Gave him many gracious marks of her favor ; " and 
so delighted was she with the character of Falstaff, that she 
desired our author to continue it in another play, and exhibit 
him in love. To this command we owe The Merry Wives of 
Windsor. Dennis adds, that, from the Queen's eagerness to 
see it acted, " she commanded it to be finished in fourteen 
days, and was afterwards, as tradition tells us, very well 
pleased with the representation." If Queen Elizabeth was 
pleased to direct the course of our author's imagination, with 
her successor he was a distinguished favorite : and James the 
First, whose talents and judgment have deserved more re- 
spect than they have received, wrote him a letter with his 
own hand, which was long in the possession of Sir W. 
D'Avenant. Dr. Farmer supposes this letter to have been 
written in return for the compliment paid the monarch in 
Macbeth ; but he has overlooked an equally probable occa- 
sion. The Tempest was written for the festivities that at- 
tended the marriage of the Princess Elizabeth with the 
Prince Palatine ; and was performed at court in the begin- 
ning of the year 1613. In the island Princess, Miranda, Shak- 
speare undoubtedly designed a poetic representative of the 
virgin and high-born bride ; in the royal and learned Prospero, 



WILLIAM SHAKSPEARE. xli. 

we may trace a complimentary allusion to the literary char- 
acter and mysterious studies of her royal father ; and it is at all 
events as likely that the letter of James to Shakspeare should 
have had reference to The Tempest as to Macbeth. Our author 
seems to have formed a more correct estimate of the talents 
of his sovereign, than that which we have blindly received 
and adopted on the authority of his political enemies, the 
Nonconformists ; and in a MS. volume of poems, which was 
purchased by Boswell, the following complimentary lines are 
preserved. 

SHAKSPEARE UPON THE KING. 

" Crownes have their compass, length of dayes their date, 
Triumphes their tombs, felicity her fate ; 
Of more than earth cann earth make none partaker ; 
But knowledge makes the king most like his Maker." 

Thus honored and applauded by the great, the intercourse 
of Shakspeare with that bright band and company of gifted 
spirits, which ennobled the reigns of Elizabeth and James by 
their writings, must have been a source of the highest intel- 
lectual delight. The familiarity with which they seem to 
have communicated ; the constant practice of uniting their 
powers in the completion of a joint production ; the unvary- 
ing admiration with which they rejoiced in the triumphs of 
their literary companions, and introduced the compositions 
of one another to the world by recommendatory verses, pre- 
sent us with such a picture of kind and gay and intelligent 
society, as the imagination finds it difficult to entertain an ade- 
quate conception of. "Sir Walter Raleigh, previously to his 
unfortunate engagement with the wretched Cobham and 
others, had instituted a meeting of beaux esprits at the Mer- 
maid, a celebrated tavern in Friday street. Of this club, 
which combined more talent, perhaps, than ever met together 
before or since, our author was a member ; and here, for 
many years, he regularly repaired with Ben Jonson, Beau- 
mont, Fletcher, Selden, Cotton, Carew, Martin, Donne, and 
many others, whose names, even at this distant period, call 
up a mingled feeling of reverence and respect. Here, in the 
full flow and confidence of friendship, the lively and interesting 



xlii. THE LIFE OF 

' wit combats'' took place between Ben Jonson and our au- 
thor ; and hither, in probable allusion to them, Beaumont 
fondly lets his thoughts wander, in his letter to Jonson, from 
the country : 

' What tilings have we seen 



Doue at the Mermaid ! heard words that have been 
So nimble, and so full of subtle flame, 
As if that every one from whom they came, 
Had meant to put his whole wit in a jest.' " 

The " wit combats " alluded to in this interesting passage 
are mentioned by Fuller, who, speaking of Shakspeare, says, 
" Many were the wit combates between Shakspeare and Ben 
Jonson. I remember them like a Spanish great galleon, and 
an English man of war. Master Jonson, like the former, 
was built far higher in learning, solid but slow in his per- 
formances. Shakspeare, like the latter, lesser in bulk, but 
lighter in sailing, could turn with all tides, tack about, and 
take advantage of all winds, by the quickness of his wit and 
invention." 

Of these encounters of the keenest intellects not a vestige 
now remains. The memory of Fuller, perhaps, teemed with 
their sallies ; but nothing on which we can depend has de- 
scended to us. The few traditionary tales that remain, are 
without any authority ; but such as they are, I present them 
to the reader as Dr. Drake has collected them. 

Shakspeare was godfather to one of Ben Jonson's children ; 
and after the cristening, being in deep study, Jonson came 
to cheer him up, and asked him, why he was so melancholy ? 
" No faith, Ben," says he, " not I ; but I have been consid- 
ering a great while what should be the fittest thing to bestow 
upon my godchild, and I have resolved at last." " I prithee, 
what ? " says he. " I'faith, Ben, I'll e'en give her a dozen 
good Latin (latteen*) spoons, and thou shalt translate 
them." 

"The above," says Archdeacon Nares, " is a pleasant rail- 



*Lattcen t i. e. brass. 



WILLIAM SHAKSPEARE. xliii. 

lery enough on Jonson's love of translating." The second 
is not so worthy of preservation. " Mr. Ben Jonson and Mr. 
William Shakspeare, being merrie at a tavern, Mr. Jonson 
begins this for his epitaph : 

' Here lies Ben Jonson, 
Who was once one ' 



" He gives it to Mr. Shakspeare to make up, who presently 

writte 

' That, while he liv'd, was a slow thing, 
And now, being dead, is no-thing.' " 

" This stuff," adds Mr. Gifford, " is copied from the Ashmole 

MS. 38." 
The next may be said to be rather of a "better leer." 
" Verses by Ben Jonson and Shakspeare, occasioned by the 

motto to the Globe Theatre — Totus munches agit histrionem. 



" If, but stage actors all the world displays, 
Where shall we find spectators of their plays ? " 

SHAKSPEARE. 
" Little, or much, of what we see, we do ; 
We are all both actors and spectators too." 

The intimacy of Shakspeare and Ben Jonson is alluded to 
in the following letter, written by G. Peel, a dramatic poet, 
to his friend Marie : — 

" FRIEND MARLE, 

" I never longed for thy company more than last night. 
We were all very merrye at the Globe, when Ned Alleyn did 
not scruple to affyrme pleasantely to thy friend Will, that he 
had stolen his speeche about the qualityes of an actor's ex- 
cellencye, in Hamlet, hys tragedye, from conversations many- 
fold which had passed between them, and opinyons given by 
Alleyn touchinge the subject. Shakspeare did not take this 
talke in very good sorte ; but Jonson put an end to the strife, 
wittylie remarking, This affair needeth no contenfione ; you 



xliv. THE LIFE OF 

stole it from. Ned, no doubt ; do not marvel ; have you not 
seen him act tymes out of number ? G. Peel." 

The first appearance of this Letter was in the Annual 
Register for 1770, whence it was copied into the Biographia 
Britannica, and in both these works it commences in the fol- 
lowing manner : " I must desyre that my syster hyr watche, 
and the cookerie book you promysed, may be sente bye the 
man. — I never longed, &c." " Of the four, this is the only 
anecdote worth preserving ; but," continues Dr. Drake, " I 
apprehend it to be a mere forgery." 

The name of Shakspeare and Ben Jonson as friends, and 
the most successful cultivators of our early dramatic litera- 
ture, are so intimately connected, that the life of one involves 
the frequent mention of the other. Indeed, it is reported by 
Rowe, that Shakspeare was the original means of intro- 
ducing the works of Jonson to the stage. "Jonson, alto- 
gether unknown to the world, had offered one of his plays to 
the players, in order to have it acted ; and the persons into 
whose hands it was put, after having turned it carelessly and 
superciliously over, were just upon returning it to him with 
an ill-natured answer, that it would be of no service to their 
company, when Shakspeare luckily cast his eye upon it, and 
found something so well in it, as to engage him first to read 
it through, and afterwards to recommend Jonson and his 
writings to the public." — This anecdote is disputed by Mr. 
Gifford. He proves that in 1598, when Every Man in his 
Humor, the first effort of Jonson's genius which we are ac- 
quainted with, was produced, " its author was as well known 
as Shakspeare, and, perhaps, better." Very true ; but this 
does not in the least impugn the credibility of Rowe's tradi- 
tion. It is nowhere asserted, that Every Man in his Humor 
was the play which thus attracted the attention of Shak- 
speare ; all arguments, therefore, deduced from the situation 
held by Jonson in the literary world, at the time that comedy 
was first acted, are perfectly invalid. The performance which 
recommended him to Shakspeare, was most probably a boyish 
effort, full of talent and inexperience, which soon passed 
from the public mind, but not sooner than the author wished 



WILLIAM SHAKSPEARE. xlv. 

it to be forgotten ; which he had the good sense to omit in 
the collection of his works published in 1616, and which, 
perhaps, he only remembered with pleasure from its having 
been the means of introducing him to the friendship of his 
great contemporary. 

But whatever cause might have originated the mutual 
kindness which subsisted between these two excellent and 
distinguished men, it is certain that an intimacy the most 
sincere and affectionate really did subsist between them. On 
the part of Jonson, indeed, the memorial of their attachment 
has been handed down to us in expressions as strong and un- 
equivocal as any which the power of language can combine. 
He speaks of Shakspeare, not indeed as one blinded to the 
many defects by which the beauty of his productions was 
impaired, but with such candor and tenderness, as every rea- 
sonable man would desire at the hands of his friends, and in 
terms which secured a credit to his commendations, by 
showing that they were not the vain effects of a blind and 
ridiculous partiality. Jonson writes, " J love the man, and do 
honor his memory, mi this side idolatry, as much as any." 
And it is from his Elegy, To the Memory of his beloved Master 
William Shakspeare, that we have derived the two most en- 
dearing appellations, the " Gentle Shakspeare," and " Sweet 
Swan of Avon ; " by which our poet has been known and 
characterized for nearly two centuries. 

It must appear extraordinary, that in opposition to such 
decisive proofs of the kindness entertained by Jonson for our 
author, his memory should have been persecuted for the last 
century by the most unfounded calumnies, as if he had been 
the most insidious and persevering enemy of his reputation. 
The rise and progress of this slander, which has been propa- 
gated through every modern edition of Shakspeare's works, 
is not wholly undeserving of our attention. Rowe, indeed, 
has the following anecdote, which he relates, perhaps, on the 
authority of Dryden, that "in a conversation between Sii 
John Suckling, Sir "William D'Avenant, Endymion Porter, 
Mr. Hales of Eton, and Ben Jonson, Sir John Suckling, who 
was a professed admirer of Shakspeare, had undertaken his 
defence against Ben Jonson with some warmth ; Mr. Hales, 



xlvi. THE LIFE OF 

who had sat still for some time, told them, that, if Mr. Shak- 
speare had not read the ancients, neither had he stolen anything 
from them ; atid that if he would produce any one fne topic 
treated by any one of them, he would undertake to show some- 
thing upon the same subject at least as tvell written by Shak- 
speare." This anecdote was written nearly a hundred years 
after the death of our author, and more than seventy after 
the death of Jonson. Even supposing all the circumstances 
to be correct, it only represents Jonson as maintaining an 
opinion in conversation which he has printed in his Discover- 
ies, that " many times Shakspeare fell into those things 
which could not escape laughter," and arguing, that a deeper 
knowledge of the classic writers -would have improved his 
genius, and taught him to lop away all such unseemly exu- 
berances of style. It shows the most learned poet of his 
time, or, perhaps, of any time, honestly asserting the advan- 
tages that a poet may derive from a variety of learning ; but 
this is all ; and it supposes no undue or unfriendly attempt 
in Jonson to depreciate the fame of Shakspeare. Indeed, no 
hint of the existence of any difference or unkindness between 
those celebrated individuals is to be found in any contempo- 
rary author. Dryden thought Jonson's Verses to Shakspeare 
sparing and invidious; but to this opinion Pope very justly 
recorded his dissent ; and wondered that Dryden should have 
held it. Rowe, in the first edition of his Life of Shakspeare, 
insinuates a doubt of the sincerity of Jonson's friendship ; 
before the publication of his second edition, he found cause 
to reject a suspicion so injurious to the reputation of Jonson, 
and had the honesty to erase the passage from his work. 
The words, however, did not escape the vigilance of Malone: 
they were re-printed, and the sentiment re-adopted ; and, as 
if it were more valuable to the commentators, from having 
been condemned by its author, their united labors and inge- 
nuity have been indefatigably employed in inventing and 
straining evidence to support an insinuation, which was too 
carelessly disseminated, and too silently withdrawn. Rowe 
should have made such an explicit recantation of his error, 
as might have repaired the ill he had occasioned, and guarded 
the good name of one of our greatest poets against the revival 



WILLIAM SHAKSPEARE. xlvii. 

of the calumny : this he unfortunately omitted ; and he thus 
left the character of Jonson bare to the senseless and gratui- 
tous malignity of every puny spirit, that chose to amuse its 
spleen by insulting the memory of the mighty dead. For 
years, the friend and eulogist of Shakspeare was aspersed as 
envious and ungrateful, in almost every second note of every 
edition of our author's works ; and it is only lately that the 
judicious exertions of Gilchrist and of Gifford have exposed 
the fallacy of such unwarranted imputations, and demon- 
strated, beyond the possibility of future doubt, that "Jonson 
and Shakspeare were friends and associates, till the latter 
finally retired — that no feud, no jealousy, ever disturbed 
their connexion — that Shakspeare was pleased with Jonson, 
and that Jonson loved and admired Shakspeare." 

But courted, praised, and rewarded as he was, the stage, as 
a profession, was little fitted to the disposition of our poet. 
In his Sonnets, which afford us the only means of attaining 
a knowledge of his sentiments upon the subject, we find him 
lamenting the nature of his life with that dissatisfaction, 
which every noble spirit would necessarily suffer, in a state 
of unimportant labor and undignified publicity. In the hun- 
dreth and tenth, he exclaims, 

" Mas, His true I have gone here and there, 
And made myself a motley * to the view." 

And again, in the hundred and eleventh ; with evident allu- 
sion to his being obliged to appear on the stage, and write 
for the theatre, he repeats, 

" O, for my sake, do you with fortune chide 
The guilty goddess of my harmful deeds, 
That did not better for my life provide, 
Than public means, which public manners breeds. " 

With this distaste for a course of life, to which adversity had 
originally driven him, it is not extraordinary to find that he 
availed himself of the first moment of independence, to 
abandon the histrionic part of his double profession. This 



* Motley, i. e., a fool, a buffoon. 



xlviii. THE LIFE OF 

occurred so early as 1604. After that time, his name never 
appears on the list of performers which were attached to the 
original editions of the old plays. Ben Jonson's Sejanus, 
which came out in 1603, is the last play in which he is men- 
tioned as a performer. As a writer for the stage, and part 
proprietor of two principal theatres, he was obliged to be 
much in London ; but he never took root and settled there. 
His family always resided at Stratford, and thither he once a 
year repaired to them. In the privacy of his native town, all 
the affections of his heart appear to have been " garner'd 
up ; " and there, from his beginning to reap the wages of 
success, he deposited the emoluments of his labors, and 
hoped to find a home in his retirement. In 1597, he pur- 
chased New Place, a house which he repaired and adorned to 
his own taste, and which remained in the family till the death 
of his granddaughter, Lady Barnard ; and in the garden of 
which he planted the celebrated mulberry-tree, which was so 
long an object of veneration as the flourishing memorial of 
the poet. To the possession of New Place, Shakspeare suc- 
cessively added, in the course of the following eight years, 
an estate of about one hundred and seven acres of land, and 
a moiety of the great and small tithes of Stratford. 

It was in one of his periodical journeys from London to 
Stratford, that "one midsummer night " he met at Crendon, 
in Bucks, with the original of Dogberry. Aubrey says, that 
the constable was still alive about 1642. " He and Ben Jon- 
son did gather humors of men wherever they came ; " and 
as the constable of Crendon sat for the picture of Dogberry, 
so we are told, on the authority of Bowman the player, that 
part of Sir John Falstajf's character Avas drawn from a 
townsman of Stratford, " who either faithlessly broke a con- 
tract, or spitefully refused to part with some land for a valu- 
able consideration, adjoining to Shakspeare's house." Oldys 
has recorded in his MS. another anecdote connected with 
these journeys of our poet to Stratford, which 1 shall give in 
his own words. — "If tradition maybe trusted, Shakspeare 
often baited at the Crown Inn or Tavern in Oxford, in his 
journey to and from London. The landlady was a woman of 
great beauty and sprightly wit, and her husband, Mr. John 



WILLIAM SHAKSPEARE. xlix, 

Davenant (afterwards mayor of that city), a grave, melan- 
choly man ; -who, as well as his wife, used much to delight in 
Shakspeare's pleasant company. Their son, young Will Dav- 
enant (afterwards Sir William), was then a little school-boy 
in the town, of about seven or eight years old, and so fond 
also of Shakspeare, that whenever he heard of his arrival, he 
would fly from school to see him. One day, an old townsman 
observing the boy running homeward, almost out of breath, 
asked him whither he was posting in that heat and hurry. 
He answered, to see his god-father Shhakspeare. There's a 
good boy, said the other, but have a care that you don't take 
God's name in vain. This story Mr. Pope told me at the 
Earl of Oxford's table, upon occasion of some discourse which 
arose about Shakspeare's monument, then newly erected in 
Westminster Abbey; and he quoted Mr. Betterton, the 
player, for his authority." This tale is also mentioned by 
Anthony Wood ; and certain it is, that the traditionary 
scandal of Oxford, has always spoken of Shakspeare as the 
father of D'Avenant : but it imputes a crime to our author, 
of which we may, without much stretch of charity, acquit 
him. It originated in the wicked vanity of D'Avenant him- 
self, who disdaining his honest but mean descent from the 
vinter, had the shameless impiety to deny his father, and re- 
proach the memory of his mother, by claiming consanguinity 
with Shakspeare. 

We are informed by a constant tradition, that a few years 
previous to his death, our author retired from the theatre, 
and spent his time at Stratford, " in ease, retirement, and 
the conversation of his friends." This event appears to have 
taken place about the close of 1613. He had his wife and 
family about him ; he was surrounded by familiar scenes and 
faces ; and he was in possession of a property of about £ 300 
a-year, equal to much more than £ 1000 at present ; and 
which must have been fully adequate to his modest views of 
happiness. 

The anecdotes that are in circulation respecting this por- 
tion of his life, are few, trivial, and very probably unfounded 
in fact ; but, such as they are, I have collected them, rather 
that nothing connected with the name of Shakspeare should 



1. THE LIFE OF 

be omitted in this edition, than from any regard for their in- 
trinsic value. 

A story, preserved by the tradition of Stratford, and which, 
according to Malone, "was related fifty years ago to a gen- 
tleman of that place, by a person upwards of eighty years of 
age, whose father was contemporary with Shakspeare," may 
not improperly be attributed to this portion of his life. It is 
said, that as Shakspeare was leaning over the hatch of a 
mercer's door at Stratford, a drunken blacksmith, with a car- 
buncled face, reeled up to him, and demanded, 

" Now, Mr. Shakspeare, tell me if you can, 

The difference between a youth and a young man ? " 

to which our poet instantly rejoined : 

" Thou son of fire, with thy face like a maple, 

The same difference as between a scalded and coddled apple." 

" A part of the wit," says Dr. Drake, " turns upon the com 
parison between the blacksmith's face, and a species of maple, 
the bark of which is uncommonly rough, and the grain undu- 
lated and crisped into a variety of curls." 

Rowe relates that he had a particular intimacy with Mr. 
Combe, " an old gentleman noted thereabouts for his wealth 
and usury : it happened, that in a pleasant conversation 
amongst their common friends, Mr. Combe told Shakspeare, 
in a laughing manner, that he fancied he intended to write 
his epitaph, if he happened to outlive him ; and since he 
could not know what might be said of him when he was dead, 
he desired it might be done immediately ; upon which Shak- 
speare gave him these four verses : 

' Ten in the hundred lies here ingrav'd ; 

'Tis a hundred to ten his soul is not sav'd : 

If any man ask, who lies in this tomb ? 

Oh ! oh ! quoth the devil, 'tis my John-a-Combe.' 

" But the sharpness of the satire is said to have stung the 
man so severely, that he never forgave it." Aubrey narrates 
the story differently, and says, "that one time as Shakspeare 
was at the tavern at Stratford, Mr. Coombes, an old usurer, 



WILLIAM SHAKSPEARE. li. 

was to be buried, be makes tbere tbis extempore epitaph 
upon him : 

' Ten in the hundred the devil allows, 

But Combe will have twelve, he swears and he vows j 

If any one ask, who lies in this tomb? 

Hah! quoth the devil, 'tis my John-a-Combe.' " 

Dr. Drake considers Aubrey's version of tbe event as the 
most probable. In some of its circumstances, Howe's ac- 
count is contradicted ; for it is certain, tbat Shakspeare and 
Combe continued friends till tbe death of the latter ; who 
left him £5 as a token of kind remembrance in his will ; and 
that no feud afterwards arose between our poet and the rela- 
tions of Combe, seems pretty evident from Shakspeare's 
having bequeathed his sword to Mr. Thomas Combe, the 
nephew of the usurer. 

In addition to the above ludicrous verses, two epitaphs of a 
serious character have been ascribed to Shakspeare by Sir 
William Dugdale which are preserved in a collection of epi- 
taphs at the end of the Visitation of Salop. Among the 
monuments in Tongue Church, in the county of Salop, is one 
erected in remembrance of Sir Thomas Stanly, knight, whom 
Malone supposes to have died about 1600. The tomb stands 
on the north side of the chancel, supported with Corinthian 
columns. It hath two figures of men in armor lying on it, 
one below the arches and columns, the other above them ; 
and besides a prose inscription in front, the monument is en- 
riched by the following verses of Shakspeare. 

Written on the east end of the tomb : 
" Aske who lyes here, but do not weepe ; 
He is not dead, he doth but sleepe. 
This stony register is for his bones, 
His fame is more perpetual than these stones j 
And his own goodness, with himself being gone, 
Shall live, when earthly monument is none." 

Written on the west end thereof : 

" Not monumental stone preserves our fame, 
Nor skye-aspiring pyramids our name. 



lii. THE LIFE OF 

The memory of him for whom this stands. 
Shall outlive marble, and defacer's hands. 
When all to time's consumption shall be given, 
Stanley, for whom this stands, shall stand in heaven." 

Besides these inscriptions for the monument of Sir Thomas 
Stanly, which we have the authority of Dugdale, a Warwick- 
shire man, and who spent the greater part of his life in that 
county, for attributing to our author; we find another epitaph 
ascribed to him in a manuscript volume of poems by "William 
Herrick, and others. The volume, which is in the hand- 
writing of the time of Charles the First, is among Rawlin- 
son's collections, in the Bodelain Library, and contains the 
following epitaph : 

" When God was pleas'd,the world unwilling yet, 

Elias James to Nature payd his debt, 

And here reposeth : as he lived, he dyde ; 

The saying in him strongly verifide, — 

Such life, such death : then, the known truth to tell, 

He lived a godly life, find dyde as well. 

" Wm. Shakspeare." 

There was a family of the surname of James, formerly resi- 
dent at Stratford, to some one of whom the above verses 
were probably inscribed. 

The life of our poet was now drawing towards its close ; 
and he was soon to require from the hands of others those 
last honors to the dead, which, while alive, he had shown 
himself so ready to contribute. His eldest and favorite 
daughter, Susanna, had been married as early as 1607, to Dr. 
Hall, a physician of considerable skill and reputation in his 
profession, who resided at Stratford ; and early in 1616, his 
youngest daughter, Judith, married Mr. Thomas Quincy, a 
vintner of the same place. This ceremony took place on 
February the 10th. On the twenty-fifth of the following 
month, her father made his will — being, according to his 
own account, in perfect health and memory — and a second 
month had not elapsed ere Shakspeare was no more. He 
died on the twenty-third of April, 1616, and on his birth-day, 
having completed his fifty-second year. " It is remarkable," 



WILLIAM SHAKSPEARE. liii. 

says Dr. Drake, " that on the same day expired, in Spain, 
his great and amiable contemporary Cervantes ; and the 
world was thus deprived, nearly at the same moment, of the 
two most original writers which modern Europe has pro- 
duced." 

Of the disease by which the life of our poet was thus sud- 
denly terminated, we are left in perfect ignorance. His son- 
in-law, Dr. Hall, left for publication a manuscript collection 
of cases collected from not less than a thousand diseases ; 
but the earliest case recorded is dated 1617, and thus all men- 
tion is omitted of the only one which could have secured to 
his work any permanent interest or value 

On the second day after his decease, the remains of Shak- 
speare were interred on the north side of the great church of 
Stratford. Here a monument, containing a bust of the poet, 
was erected to his memory. He is represented under an 
arch, in a sitting posture, a cushion spread before him, with 
a pen in his right hand, and his left rested on a scroll of 
paper. The following Latin distich is engraved under the 
cushion : 

"Judicio Pylium, gcnio Socratem, arte Marmiem, 
Terra tcgit, populus mceret, Olympus habet." 

The first syllable in Socratem is here made short, which 
cannot be allowed. Perhaps we should read Sqphoclem. 
Shakspeare is then appositely compared with a dramatic au- 
thor among the ancients : but still it should be remembered, 
that the eulogium is lessened while the metre is reformed ; 
and it is well known, that some of our early writers of Latin 
poetry were uncommonly negligent in their prosody, espe- 
cially in proper names. The thought of this distich, as Mr. 
Toilet observes, might have been taken from the Faery Quecm 
of Spenser. 

To this Latin inscription on Shakspeare, should be added 
the lines which are found underneath it on his monument 

u Stay passenger, why dost thou go so fast ? 
Read, if thou canst, whom envious death hath plac'd 
Within this monument ; Shakspeare, with whom 
Quick nature dy'd ; whose name doth deck the tomb 



liv. THK \.\VV OF 

nco all that ho hath writ 
- \o his wit. 

: An--. Dili. 1616. 

I -i." 

stons and insc r i b ed 

.:. far I m w 1 nke, 

I the dust Utttand bete. 
be the man that mtiea thoso BtajMa, 
- .v ho that movos my Ivm-s." 

only monumental tribute 
■A oono- 

is Westminster 
. Pope, Dr. 
M< 

I 

.Til. ono hundred and 

The dean 

.1 the eat- 

urn of 

exceeded 

mount 

perflu- 
end is 
seossed in H sol Rowe, 

•sage from 
'. has over most 

s atony. And, ".-con 

50, of 

►f his 
a in painting 

'-.0 human I .:.: ho 

gs of 

- and of nature' says tho adnv.;. 



WILLIAM SHAKSPEAIiE. lv. 

Schlegel, ' had laid all their treasures at his feet : in strength 
a demi-god, in profundity of view a prophet, in all-seeing 
•wisdom a protecting spirit of a higher order, he yet lowered 
himself to mortals, as if unconscious of his superiority, and 
was as open and unassuming as a child.' 

" That a temper of this description, and combined with 
such talents, should be the object of sincere and ardent 
friendship, can excite no surprise. ' I loved the man,' says 
Jonson, with a noble burst of enthusiasm, ' and do honor his 
memory on this side idolatry, as much as any. He was, in- 
deed, honest ; and of an open and free nature ; ' and Rowe, 
repeating the uncontradicted rumor of times past, has told 
us, — ' that every one, who had a true taste of merit, and 
could distinguish men, had generally a just -value and esteem 
for him ; ' adding, ? that his exceeding candor and good- 
nature must certainly have inclined all the gentler part of 
the world to love him.' 

"No greater proof, indeed, can be given of the felicity of 
his temper, and the sweetness of his manners, than that all 
who addressed him, seem to have uniformly connected his 
name with the epithets worthy, gentle, or beloved ; nor was he 
backward in returning this esteem, many of his sonnets indi- 
cating the warmth with which he cherished the remembrance 
of his friends. Thus the thirtieth opens with the following 
pensive retrospect : — 

' When to the sessions of sweet silent thought 
I summon up remembrance of things past, 

I sigh 

For precious friends hid in death's dateless night'' 

"And in the thirty-first, he tenderly exclaims — 

' How many a holy and obsequious tear 
Hath dear religious love stolen from mine eye, 
As interest of the dead ! ' 

" Another very fascinating feature in the character of Shak- 
speare, was the almost constant cheerfulness and serenity of 
his mind : he was ' verie good company,' says Aubrey, ' and 
of a very ready, and pleasant, and smooth witt.' In this, as 



lvi. THE LIFE OF 

Mr. Godwin has justly observed, he bore a striking resem- 
blance to Chaucer, who was remarkable for the placidity and 
cheerfulness of his disposition ; nor can there, probably, be 
a surer indication of that peace and sunshine of the soul 
which surpasses all other gifts, than this habitual tone of 
mind. 

" That Shakspeare was entitled to its possession from his 
moral virtues, we have already seen ; and that, in a religiotis 
point of view, he had a claim to the enjoyment, the numer- 
ous passages in his works, which breathe a spirit of pious 
gratitude and devotional rapture, will sufficiently declare. 
In fact, upon the topic of religious, as upon that of ethic 
wisdom, no profane poet can furnish us with a greater number 
of just and luminous aphorisms ; passages which dwell upon 
the heart, and reach the soul ; for they have issued from lips 
of fire, from conceptions worthy of a superior nature, from 
feelings solemn and unearthly." 

Of the descendants of Shakspeare there is not one re- 
maining. Hammet, his only son, died in childhood. His 
eldest daughter, Mrs. Hall, survived her father upwards of 
thirty years ; and if the inscription on her tomb present us 
with a fair estimate of her talents and her virtues, she was 
the worthy child of Shakspeare. She left one daughter only, 
who is mentioned in our poet's will, as his "niece Elizabeth." 
This lady was twice married; to Thomas Nashe, Esq., and 
afterwards to Sir John Barnard, of Abington, near Northamp- 
ton, but had no issue by either husband. Judith, the other 
daughter of our poet, was the mother of several children ; of 
which the eldest, with an honest pride in that maiden name, 
which her father's, genius had rendered illustrious, was 
christened Shakspeare ; but none of her offspring arrived at 
years of maturity. 

It must strike every one as extraordinary, that the writings 
of a poet so distinguished should have been handed down to 
us in so corrupt and imperfect a state ; and that so little 
should be known with any degree of certainty respecting the 
author of them. Shakspeare himself appears to have been 
entirely careless of literary fame. In his early works he was 
sufficiently cautious in superintending their progress through 



WILLIAM SHAKSPEARE. IviL 

the press ; and the Venus and Adonis, the Rape of Lucrece, 
and the Titus Andronicus, were presented to the public with 
as much typographical accuracy as any volumes of the time. 
He was at first not indifferent to celebrity as an author ; but 
it was a mere youthful vanity, and having attained the object 
of his ambition, and perceived its worthlessness, he after- 
wards only considered his genius and his improved skill in 
composition as the means of acquiring independence for his 
family, and securing an early retirement from the anxieties 
of public life. He wrote only for the theatre ; his purpose 
was answered, if his pieces were successful on the stage ; and 
he was perfectly careless of the manner in which his most 
splendid productions were disfigured in surreptitious and de- 
fective editions, and his most exquisite passages rendered 
ridiculous by the blunders of ignorant transcribers. The 
plays that were printed in his life-time, with the exception of 
Titus Andronicus, had all issued from the press under cir- 
cumstances the most injurious to the reputation of their au- 
thor, without his revision or superintendence, and perhaps 
without his consent or knowledge ; and when, eight years 
years after his death, Heminge and Condell undertook the 
collection and publication of his works, it is scarcely possible 
that the MSS. from which the edition was printed, could 
have been the genuine MSS. of Shakspeare. Those had 
most probably perished in the fire that destroyed the Globe 
Theatre in 1613 ; and the first folio was made up from the 
playhouse copies, and deformed by all the omissions and the 
additions which had been adopted to suit the imperfections or 
the caprice of the several performers. — If Shakspeare still 
appears to us the first of poets, it is in spite of every possible 
disadvantage, to which his owu sublime contempt of applause 
had exposed his fame, from the ignorance, the negligence, 
the avarice, or the officiousness of his early editors. 

To these causes it is to be ascribed that the writings of 
Shakspeare have come down to us in a state more imperfect 
than those of any other author of his time, and requiring 
every exertion of critical skill to illustrate and amend them. 
That so little should be known with certainty of the history 
of his life, was the natural consequence of the events which 



lviii. THE LIFE OF 

immediately followed his dissolution. It is true, that the 
age in which he nourished was little curious about the lives 
of literary men : but our ignorance will not wholly be attrib- 
uted to the want of curiosity in the immediate successors of 
the poet. The public mind soon became violently agitated 
in the conflict of opposite opinions. Every individual was 
called upon to take his stand as the partisan of a religious 
or political faction. Each was too intimately occupied with 
his personal interest to find leisure for so peaceful a pursuit 
as tracing the biography of a poet. If this was the case 
during the time of civil commotion, under the puritanical 
dynasty of Cromwell the stage was totally destroyed ; and 
the life of a dramatic author, however eminent his merits, 
would not only have been considered as a subject undeserving 
of inquiry, but only worthy of contempt and abomination. 
The genius of Shakspeare was dear to Milton and Dryden ; 
to a few lofty minds and gifted spirits ; but it was dead 
to the multitude of his countrymen, who, in their foolish 
bigotry, would have considered their very houses as polluted, 
if they had retained a copy of his works. After the Resto- 
ration, these severe restrictions were relaxed, and, as is uni- 
versally the case, the counteraction was correspondent to the 
action. The nation suddenly exchanged the rigid austerity 
of Puritanism for the extreme of profligacy and licentious- 
ness. "When the drama was revived, it existed no longer to 
inculcate such lessons of morality as were enforced by the 
contrition of Macbeth, the purity of Isabel, or the suffering 
constancy of Imogen ; but to teach modesty to blush at its 
own innocence, to corrupt the heart by pictures of debauch- 
ery, and to exalt a gay selfishness and daring sensuality above 
all that is noble in principle and honorable in action. At 
this period Shakspeare was forgotten. He wrote not for 
such profligate times. His sentiments would have been met 
by no correspondent feelings in the breasts of such audi- 
ences as were then collected within the walls of the metro- 
politan theatres, who came to hear their vices flattered; and 
of women masked, ashamed to show their faces at represen- 
tations which they were sufficiently abandoned to delight in. 
The jesting, lying, bold intriguing rake, whom Shakspeare 



WILLIAM SHAKSPEARE. lix. 

had rendered contemptible in Lucio, and hateful in Iachimo, 
was the very character that the dramatists of Charles's time 
■were painting after the model of the court favorites, and 
representing in false colors as a deserving object of approba- 
tion. French taste and French morals had banished our 
author from the stage, and his name had faded from the 
memory of the people. Tate, in his altered play of King 
Lear, mentions the original in his dedication as an obscure 
piece : the author of the Tatler, in quoting some lines from 
Macbeth, cites them from the disfigured alteration of D'Avc- 
nant. The works of Shakspeare were only read by those 
whom the desire of literary plunder induced to pry into the 
volumes of antiquated authors, with the hopes of discovering 
some neglected jewels that might be clandestinely trans- 
planted to enrich their own poverty of invention ; and so 
little were the productions of the most gifted poet that ever 
ventured to embark on the varying waters of the imagination 
known to the generality of his countrymen, that Otway stole 
the character of the Nurse and all the love scenes of Romeo 
and Juliet, and published them as his own, without the 
slightest acknowledgment of the obligation, or any appre- 
hension of detection. A better taste returned : but when, 
nearly a ceutury after the death of Shakspeare, Howe under- 
took to superintend an edition of his Plays, and to collect 
the Memoirs of his Life, the race had passed away from 
whom any certain recollections of our great national poet 
might have been gathered ; and nothing better can be ob- 
tained than the slight notes of Aubrey, the scattered hints 
of Oldys, the loose intimations which had escaped from 
D'Avenant, and the vague reports which Betterton had 
gleaned in his pilgrimage to Stratford. 



THE 

BEAUTIES 

OF 

SHAKSPEARE. 

ALL'S WELL THAT ENDS WELL. 
ACT I. 



BE thou blest Bertram ! and succeed thy father 
In manners, as in shape ! Thy blood, and virtue, 
Contend for empire in thee; and thy goodness 
Share with thy birthright! Love all, trust a few, 
Do wrong to none: be able for thine enemy 
Rather in power, than use; and keep thy friend 
Under thy own life's key : be check'd for silence, 
But never tax'd for speech. 

TOO AMBITIOUS LOVE. 

I am undone; there is no living, none, 
If Bertram be away. It were all one, 
That I should love "a bright particular star, 
And think to wed it, he is so above me : 
In his bright radiance and collateral light 
Must I be comforted, not in his sphere. 
The ambition in my love thus plagues itself: 
The hind that would be mated by the lion, 
Must die for love. 'Twas pretty, though a plague 
To see him every hour; to sit and draw 
His arched brows, his hawking eye, his curls, 



10 BEAUTIES OF SIIAKSPEARE. 

In our heart's fable;* heart, too capable 
Of every line and trick* of his sweet favour :{ 
But now he's gone, and my idolatrous fancy 
Must sanctify his relics. 

COWARDICE. 

I know him a notorious liar, 
Think him a great way fool, solely a coward; 
V^et these fix'd evils sit so fit in him, 
That they take place, when virtue's steely bonets 
Look bleak in the cold wind. 

THE REMEDY OF EVILS GENERALLY IN 

OURSELVES. 

Our remedies oft in ourselves do lie, 
Which we ascribe to heaven: the fated sky 
(rives us free scope; only, doth backward pull 
Our slow designs, when we ourselves are dull. 

CHARACTER OF A NOBLE COURTIER. 

In his youth 
He had the wit, which I can well observe 
To-clay in our young lords; but they may jest 
Till their own scorn return to them unnoted, 
Ere they can hide their levity in honour. 
So like a courtier, contempt nor bitterness 
Were in his pride or sharpness; if they were, 
His equal had awak'd them; and his honour, 
Clock to itself, knew the true minute when 
Exception bid him speak, and, at this time, 
His tongue obey'd his hand:§ who were below him 
He us'd as creatures of another place: 
And bow'd his eminent top to their low ranks, 
Making them proud of his humility. 
Such a man 
Might be a copy to these younger times. 

* Helena considers her heart as the tablet on which his 
resemblance was pourtrayed. 

t Peculiarity of feature. ^Countenance. 

§ His is put for its. 



ALL'S WELL THAT ENDS WELL. 11 

ACT II. 

HONOUR DUE TO PERSONAL VIRTUE ONLY, NOT TO 
BIRTH. 

From lowest place when virtuous things proceed, 
The place is dignified by the doer's deed: 
Where great additions* swell, and virtue none, 
It is a dropsied honour: good alone 
Is good, without a name; vileness is so:f 
The property by what it is should go, 
Not by the title. She is young, wise, fair; 
In these to nature she's immediate heir; 
And these breed honour: that is honour's scorn, 
Which challenges itself as honour's born, 
And is not like the sire: Honours best thrive, 
When rather from our acts we them derive 
Than our foregoer: the mere word's a slave, 
Debauch'd on every tomb; on every grave, 
A lying trophy, and as oft is dumb, 
Where dust and damn'd oblivion, is the tomb 
Of honour'd bones indeed. 

ACT III. 

SELF-ACCUSATION OF TOO GREAT LOVE. 

Poor Lord ! is't I 
That chase thee from thy country, and expose 
Those tender limbs of thine to the event 
Of the non-sparing war? and is it I 
That drive thee from the sportive court, where thou 
Wast shot at with fair eyes, to be the mark 
Of smoky muskets? O you leaden messengers, 
That ride upon the violent speed of fire, 
Fly with false aim; move the still-piercing air, 
That sings with piercing, do not touch my lord! 
Whoever shoots at him, 1 set him there; 
Whoever charges on his forward breast, 
£ am the caitiff, that do hold him to it; 

* Titles. 

t Good is good independent of any worldly distinction, 
and so is vileness vile. 



12 BEAUTIES OF SHAKSPEARE. 

And, though I kill him not, I am the cause 

His death was so effected: better 'twere 

I met the ravin* lion when he roar'd 

With sharp constraint of hunger; better 'twere 

That all the m series, which nature owes, 

Were mine at once: No, come thou home, Rousillon, 

Whence honour but of danger wins a scar, 

As oft it loses all; I will be gone: 

My being here it is that holds thee hence: 

Shall I stay here to do't? no, no, although 

The air of paradise did fan the house, 

And angels offic'd all: I will be gone; 

That pitiful rumour may report my flight, 

To consolate thine ear. 

a maid's honour. 
The honour of a maid is her name; ana no legacy 
is so rich as honesty. 

ADVICE TO YOUNG WOMEN. 

Beware of them, Diana; their promises, entice- 
ments, oaths, tokens, and ail these engines of lustj 
are not the things they go under :f many a maid hath 
been seduced by thern; and the misery is, example t 
that so terrible shows in the wreck of maidenhood, 
cannot for all that dissuade succession, but that they 
are limed with the twigs that threaten them. I hope, 
I need not advise you farther; but, I hope, your 
own grace will keep you where you are, though 
there were no farther danger known, than the mod- 
esty which is so lost. 

ACT IV. 

CUSTOM OF SEDUCERS. 

Ay so you serve us, 
Till we serve you: but when you have our roses 
You barely leave our thorns to prick ourselves, 
And mock us with our bareness. 

* Ravenous. 

t They are not the things for which their names would 
make them pass. 



ALI 'S WELL THAT ENDS WELL. 18 

CHASTITY 

Mine honour's such a ring: 
My chastity's the jewel of our house, 
Bequeathed down from many ancestors; 
Which were the greatest obloquy i'the world, 
In me to lose. 

LIFE CHEQ.UERED. 

The web of our life is of a mingled yarn, good 
and ill together: our virtues would be proud, if our 
faults whipped them not; and our crimes would 
despair, if they were not cherished by our virtues 

A COWARDLY BRAGGART. 

Yet am I thankful: if my heart were great, 
'Twould burst at this: Captain, I'll be no more; 
But I will eat and drink, and sleep as soft 
As captain shall: simply the thing I am 
Shall make me live. Who knows himself a braggart, 
Let him fear this; for it will come to pass, 
That every braggart shall be found an ass. 
Rust, sword! cool, blushes! and, Parolles live, ) 
Safest in shame! being fool'd, by foolery thrive! > 
There's place, and means, for every man alive. ) 

ACT V. 

AGAINST DELAY. 

Let's take the instant by the forward top; 
F6r we are old, and on our quick'st decrees 
The inaudible and noiseless foot of time 
Steals ere we can effect them. 

EXCUSE FOR UNSEASONABLE DISLIKE. 

At first 
1 stuck my choice upon her, ere my heart 
Durst make too bold a herald of my tongue: 
Where the impression of mine eye infixing, 
Contempt his scornful perspective did lend me. 
Which warp'd the line, of every other favour; 
Scorn'd a fair colour, or express'd it stol'n; 
Extended or contracted all proportions, 



14 BEAUTIES OF SHAKSPEARE. 

To a most hideous object: Thence it came, 
That she, whom all men prais'd, and whom myself. 
Since I have lost, have lov'd, was in mine eye 
The dust that did offend it. 



AS YOU LIKE IT. 
ACT I. 

MODESTY AND COURAGE IN YOUTBT 

I BESEECH you, punish me not with your hard 
thoughts; wherein I confess me much guilty, to 
deny so fair and excellent ladies any thing. But let 
your fair eyes and gentle wishes, go with me to my 
trial: wherein if I be foiled, there is but one shamed 
that was never gracious; if killed, but one dead that 
is willing to be so: I shall do my friends no wrong, 
for I have none to lament me; the world no injury, 
for in it I have nothing; only in the world I fill up a 
place, which may be better supplied when I have 
made it empty. 

PLAY-FELLOWS. 

We still have slept together, 
Rose at an instant, learn'd, play'd, eat together; 
And wheresoe'er we went, like Juno's swans, 
Still we went coupled, and inseparable. 

BEAUTY. 

Beauty provoketh thieves sooner than gold. 

ROSALIND PROPOSING TO WEAR MEN 5 S CLOTHES. 

Were it not better, 
Because that I am more than common tall, 
That I did suit me all points like a man ? 
A gallant curtle-ax* upon my thigh, 
A boar-spear in my hand; and (in my heart 
Lie there what hidden woman's fear there will,> 
' r e'll have a swashingf and a martial outside; 
* Cutlass. f Swaggering. 



AS YOU LIKE IT. 15 

As many other manish cowards have, 
That do outface it with their semblances. 

act"ii. 

SOLITUDE PREFERRED TO A COURT LIFE, AND THE 
ADVANTAGES OF ADVERSITY. 

Now, my co-mates, and brothers in exile, 
Hath not old custom made this life more sweet 
Than that of painted pomp? are not these woods 
More free from peril than the envious court? 
Here feel we but the penalty of Adam, 
The seasons' difference; as the icy fang, 
And churlish chiding of the winter's wind; 
Which, when it bites and blows upon my body, 
Even till I shrink with cold, I smile, and say, 
This is no flattery: these are counsellors 
That feelingly persuade me what I am. 
Sweet are the uses of adversity; 
Which, like the toad, ugly and venemous, 
Wears yet a precious jewel in his head; 
And this our life, exempt from public haunt, 
Finds tongues in trees, books in the running brooks 
Sermons in stones, and good in every thing. 

REFLECTIONS ON THE WOUNDED STAG. 

Duke S. Come, shall we go and kill us venison? 
And yet it irks me, the poor dappled fools, — 
Being native burghers of this desert city, — 
Should, in their own confines, with forked heads,* 
Have their round haunches gor'd. 

1 Lord. Indeed, my lord, 
The melancholy Jaques grieves at that; 
And, in that kind, swears you do more usurp 
Than doth your brother that hath banish'd you. 
To-day, my lord of Amiens, and myself, 
Did steal behind him, as he lay along 
Under an oak, whose antique root peeps out 
Upon the brook that brawls along this wood: 
To the which place a poor sequester'd stag, 
That from the hunter's aim had ta'en a hurt, 
Did come to languish: and, indeed, my lord, 
* Barbed arrows 



16 BEAUTIES OF SBAKSPEARE. 

Th^ wretched animal heav-'d forth such groans, 
That their disc! \ I stretch his leathern coat 
Almost to bursting:: and the big round tears 
Cours'd one another down his innocent nose 
In piteous chase: and thus the hairy fool, 
Much marked of the melancholy Jaques, 
Stood od the extremest verge of the swift brook, 
Augmenting it with tears. 

Duke S. But what said Jaques? 

Did he not moralize this spectacle? 

I Lnrd. O, yes. into a thousand similes. 
First, for his weeping in the needless stream ; 
Poor deer, quoth he, thou mak'st a testament 
As icorldlinzs do. giving thy sum of more 
To that ichich had too much: Then, being alone, 

and abandoned of his velvet friends; 
Tis right, quoth he. :ry doth part 

flux of company: Anon, a careless herd, 
Full of the pasture, jumps along by him. 
And never stays to greet him: Ay. quoth Jaques, 

on. yen fat and greasy citizens: 
Tis just the fashion: fVherefore do you look 
Upon that poor and broken bankrupt there? 

GRATITUDE Ul A.N OLD SERVANT. 

But do not so: I have five hundred crowns, 
The thrifty hire I sav r d under your father, 
Which I did store, to be my foster-nurse. 
When service should in my old limbs lie lame, 
And unregarded age in corners thrown: 
Take that: and He that doth the ravens feed, 
Pea, providently caters for the sparrow, 
Be comfort to my age ! Here is the gold: 
All this I give you: let me be your servant; 
Though I look old. yet I am strong and lusty 
For in my youth I never did apply 
rl : and rebellious liquors in mv blood: 
i:h unbasbful forehead woo 
means of weakness and debility: 
: -fore my as:e is as a lusty winter, 
. but kindlv: let me sro with vou: 



AS YOU LIKE IT. 17 

I'll do the service of a younger man 
In all your business and necessities. 

DESCRIPTION OF A LOVER. 

0, thou didst then ne'er love so heartily: 
H thou remember'st not the slightest folly 
That ever love did make thee run into, 
Thou hast not lov'd: 
Or if thou hast not sat as I do now. 
Wearying thy hearer in thy mistress' praise, 
Thou hast not lov'd: 

Or if thou hast not broke from company, 
Abruptly, as my passion now makes me, 
Thou hast not lov'd. 

DESCRIPTION OF A FOOL. AND HIS MORALIZING J.N 

TIME. 

Good-morrow, fool, quoth I: Xo. sir, quoth he, 

Call me not fool, till heaven hath sent me fortune' 

And then he drew a dial from his poke; 

And looking on it with lack-lustre eye, 

Sa-> s. very wisely. It is ten o'clock: 

Thus may we see, quoth he. how the world wags: 

' Tis but an hour ago since it was nine; 

And after an hour more, 'twill be eleven; 

.from hour to hour, we ripe, and ripe, 
Jknd then, from hour to hour, we rot, and rot, 
And thereby hanus a tale. When I did hear 

fool thus moral on the time. 
My lungs began to crow like chanticleer, 
That fools should be so deep-contemplative; 
And I did laugh, sans intermission. 
An hour by his dial — O noble fool! 
A worthy fool! Motley's the only wear.* 

Duke S. What fool is this: 

Jaq. O worthy fool! — One that hath been a coar- 
tier: 
And says if ladies be but young, and fair, 
They have the gift to know it: and in his brain, — 
Which is as dry as the remainder biscuit 

* The fool was anciently dressed in a party-coloured 
ccat. -,* 



18 BEAUTIES OF SHAKSPEARE. 

After a voyage,— he hath strange places cramm'd 
With observation, the which he vents 
. n mangled forms. 

A FOOL'S LIEERTY of speech. 
I must have liberty 
Withall, as large a charter as the wind, 
To blow on whom I please; for so fools have: 
And they that are most galled with my folly, 
They most must laugh: And why, sir, must they so? 
The why is plain as way to parish church* 
He, that a fool doth very wisely hit, 
Doth very foolishly, although he smart, 
Not to seem senseless of the bob; if not, 
The wise man's folly is anatomiz'd 
Even by the squand'ring glances of the fool. 

APOLOGY FOR SATIRE 

Why, who cries out on pride, 
That can therein tax any private party? 
Doth it not flow as hugely as the sea, 
Till that the very means do ebb? 
What woman in the city do I name, 
When that I say, The city-woman bears 
The cost of princes on unworthy shoulders? 
Who can come in, and say, that I mean her, 
When such a one as she, such is her neighbour? 
Or what is he of basest function, 
That says his bravery* is not on my cost, 
^Thinking that I mean him,) but therein suits 
His folly to the mettle of my speech? 
There then ; How, what then? Let me see wherein 
My tongue hath wrong'd him: if he be free, 
Why then, my taxing like a wild goose flies, 
Unclaim'd of any man. 

A TENDER PETITION. 

But whate'er you are, 
That in this desert inaccessible, 
Under the shade of melancholy boughs, 
Lose and neglect the creeping hours of time; 
If ever you have look'd on better days; 
* Finery. 



AS YOU LIKE IT. 19 

If ever been where bells have knoll'd to church; 
If ever sat at any good man's feast; 
If ever from jour eye-lids wip'd a tear. 
And know what 'tis to pity, and be pitied, 
Let gentleness my strong enforcement be. 

THE SEVEN AGES. 

All the world's a stage. 
And all the men and women merely players: 
They have their exits, and their entrances} 
And one man in his time plays many parts, 
His acts being seven ages. At first, the infant 
Muling and puking in the nurse's arms; 
And then, the whining school-boy, with his satchel, 
And shining morning face, creepnig like snail 
Unwillingly to school; And then, the lover, 
Sighing like furnace, with a woful ballad 
Made to his mistress' eyebrow. Then, a soldier; 
Full of strange oaths, and bearded like the pard, 
Jealous in honour, sudden* and quick in quarrel, 
Seeking the bubble reputation 

Even in the cannon's mouth. And then, the justice 
In fair round belly, with good capon lin'd, 
With eyes severe, and beard of formal cut, 
Full of wise saws and modernf instances, 
And so he plays his part: The sixth age shifts 
Into the lean and slipper'd pantaloon; 
With spectacle on nose, and pouch on side; 
His youthful hose well sav'd, a world too wide 
For his shrunk shank; and his big manly voice, 
Turning again towards childish treble, pipes 
And whistles in his sound: Last scene of all, 
That ends this strange eventful history, 
Is second childishness, and mere oblivion; 
Sans teeth, sans ejes, sans taste, sans every thing. 

INGRATITUDE. A SONG. 

Blow, blow, thou winter wind, 
Thou art not so unkind 
As man's ingratitude ; 

* Violent. t Trite, common 



20 BEAUTIES OF SHAKSPEARE. 

Thy tooth is not so keen, 
Because thou art not seen, 
Although thy breath be rude. 
Heigh, ho! sing, heigh, ho! unto the green holly: 
Most friendship is feigning, most loving mere folly: 
Then, heigh, ho, the holly! 

This life is most jolly. 
Freeze, freeze, thou bitter sky, 
That dost not bite so nigh 

As benefits forgot: 
Though thou the waters warp, 
Thy sting is not so sharp 
As friends remember'd* not 
Heigh, ho! sing, heigh, ho! &c. 

ACT III. 

a shepherd's philosophy. 
I know, the more one sickens, the worse at ease 
he is; and that he that wants money, means, and 
content, is without three good friends: — That the 
property of rain is to wet, and fire to burn: That 
good pasture makes fat sheep; and that a great 
cause of the night, is lack of the sun • That he, that 
hath learned no wit by nature or art, may complain 
of good breeding, or comes of a very dull kindred. 

CHARACTER OF AN HONEST AND SIMPLE SHEPHERD 

Sir, I am a true labourer; I earn that I eat, get 
that I wear; owe no man hate, envy no man's hap- 

Einess; glad of other men's good, content with my 
arm; and the greatest of my pride is, to see my 
ewes graze, and my lambs suck. 

DESCRIPTION OF A LOVER. 

A lean cheek; which you have not; a blue eye, 
and sunken; which you have not: an unquestionable 
spirit;! which you have not; a beard neglected; 
which you have not: — but I pardon you for that; 
for, simply, your having;}; in beard is a younger bro- 
ther's revenue: Then your hose should be ungarter 

* Remembering. t A spirit averse to conversation 
t Estate. 



AS YOU LIKE IT. 21 

ed, your bonet unhanded, your sleeve unbuttoned, 
your shoe untied, and every thing about you demon- 
strating a careless desolation. But you are no such 
man: you are rather point-device* in your accou- 
trements; as loving yourself, than seeming the lover 
of any other. 

REAL PASSION DISSEMBLED. 

Think not I love him, though I ask for him; 
'Tis but a peevishf boy : yet he talks well; 
But what care I for words? yet words do well, 
When he that speaks them pleases those that hear, 
It is a pretty youth: not very pretty: 
But, sure, he's proud; and yet his pride becomes 

him: . 

He'll make a proper man: The best thing in him 
Is his complexion; and faster than his tongue 
Did make offence, his eye did heal it up. 
He is not tall; yet for his years he's tall; 
His leg is but so, so; and yet 'tis well: 
There was a pretty redness in his lip; 
A little riper and more lustv red 
Than that mix'd in his cheek; 'twas just the differ 

ence 
Betwixt the constant red, and mingled damask. 
There be some women, Silvius, had they marked him 
In parcels as I did, would have gone near 
To fall in love with him: but, for my part, 
I love him not, nor hate him not; and yet 
I have more cause to hate him than to love him: 
For what had he to do to chide at me ? 
He said, mine eyes were black, and my hair black; 
And, now I am remember'd, scorn'd at me: 
I marvel, why I answei'd not again: 
But that's all one; omittance is no quittance. 

ACT IV. 

THE VARIETIES OF MELANCHOLY. 

I have neither the scholar's melancholy, which is 
emulation; nor the musician's, which is fantastical; 
* Over-exact. t Silly. 



22 BEAUTIES OF SHAKSPEARE. 

nor the courtiers, which is proud; nor the soldier's, 
which is ambitious; nor the lawyer's, which is poli- 
tic; nor the lady's, which is nice;* nor the lover's, 
which is all of these 

MARRIAGE ALTERS THE TEMPER OF BOTH SEXES. 

Say a day, without the ever: No, no, Orlando, 
men are April when they woo, December when they 
wed: maids are May when they are maids, but the 
sky changes when they are wives. I will be more 
jealous of thee than a Barbary cock-pigeon over his 
hen; more clamorous than a parrot against rain; 
more new-fangled than an ape; more giddy in my 
desires than a monkey; I will weep for nothing, like 
Diana in the fountain, and I will do that when you 
are disposed to be merry; I will laugh like a hyen, 
and that when thou art inclined to sleep. 
cupid's parentage. 

No, that same wicked bastard of Venus, that was 
begot of thought,f conceiv'd of spleen, and born of 
madness; that blind rascally boy, that abuses every 
one's eyes, because his own are out, let him be 
judge, how deep I am in love. 

Oliver's description of his danger when 

sleeping. 
Under an oak, whose boughs were moss'd with age, 
And high top bald with dry antiquity, 
A wretched ragged man, o'ergrown with hair, 
Lay sleeping on his back: about his neck 
A green and gilded snake had wreathed itself, 
Who with her head, nimble in threats, approach'd 
The opening of his mouth; but suddenly 
Seeing Orlando, it unlinked itself, 
And with indented glides did slip away 
Into a bush : under which bush's shade 
A lioness, with udders all drawn dry, 
Lay couching, head on ground, with catlike watch, 
When that the sleeping man should stir; for 'tis 
The royal disposition of that beast 
To prey on nothing that doth seem as dead. 

* Trifling. f Melancholv 



COMEDY OF ERRORS. S 

ACT V. 

LOVE. 

Good shepherd, tell this youth what 'tis to lore. 

It is to be all made of sighs and tears; 

It is to be all made of faith and service; 

It is to be all made of fantasy, 

All made of passion, and all made of wishesj 

A.11 adoration, duty, and observance, 

All humbleness, all patience, and impatience, 

All purity, all trial, all observance. 



COMEDY OF ERRORS. 

ACT II. 

man's pre-eminence. 
THERE'S nothing, situate under heav'ns eye, 
But hath his bound, in earth, in sea, in sky: 
The beasts, the fishes, and the winged fowls, 
Are their males' subject, and at their controls: 
Men, more divine, the masters of all these, 
Lords of the wide world, and wild wat'ry seas, 
Indued with intellectual sense and souls, 
Of more pre-eminence than fish and fowls, 
Are masters to their females, and their lords: 
Then let your will attend on their accords. 

PATIENCE EASIER TAUGHT THAN PRACTISED 

Patience, unmov'd, no marvel though she pause; 
They can be meek, that have no other cause. 
A wretched soul, bruis'd with adversity, 
We bid be quiet when we hear it cry; 
But were we burden'd with like weight of pain, 
A3 much, or more, we should ourselves complain. 

DEFAMATTON. 

I see, the jewel, best enamelled, 
Will lose his beauty; and though gold 'bides still, 
That others touch, yet often touching will 
Wear gold ; and so no man, that hath a name, 
But falsehood and corruption doth it shame. 



24 BEAUTIES OF SHAKSPEARE. 

JEALOUSY. 

Ay, ay, Antipholus, look strange, and frown; 
Some other mistress hath thy sweet aspects, 
I am not Adriana, nor thy wife. 
The time was once, when thou uriurg'd would'st 

vow 
That never words were music to thine ear, 
That never object pleasing in thine eye, 
That never touch well-welcome to thy hand, 
That never meet sweet-savour'd in thy taste, 
Unless I spake, look'd, touch'd, or carv'd to thee. 

SLANDER. 

For slander lives upon succession; 
For ever hous'd, where it once gets possession. 

ACT V. 

a woman's jealousy more deadly than poison. 

The venom clamours of a jealous woman 
Poison more deadly than a mad dog's tooth. 
It seems his sleeps were hinder'd by thy railing: 
And thereof comes it that his head is light. 
Thou say'st, his meat was sauc'd with thy upbraid- 

ings; 
Unquiet meals make ill digestions, 
Thereof the raging fire of fever bred; 
And what's a fever but a fit of madness ? 
Thou say'st, his sports Avere hinder'd by thy brawls 
Sweet recreation barr'd, what doth ensue, 
Bat moody and dull melancholy, 
(Kinsman to grim and comfortless despair;; 
And, at her heels, a huge infectious troop 
Of pale distemperatures, and foes to life? 

DESCRIPTION OF A BEGGARLY FORTUNE-TELLER. 

A hungry lean-fac'd villain, 
A mere anatomy, a mountebank, 
A thread-bare juggler, and a fortune-teller; 
A needy, hollow-ey'd, sharp-looking wretch, 
A living dead man: this pernicious slave, 
Forsooth, took on him as a conjurer; 
And, gazing in mine eyes, feeling my pulse, 



LOVE'S LABOUR'S LOST. 

And with no face, as 'twere outfacing me, 
Cries out, I was possess'd. 

OLD AGE. 

Though now this grained* face of mine be hid 
In sap-consuming winter's drizzled snow, 
And all the conduits of my blood froze up; 
Vet hath my night of life some memory, 
My wasting lamp some fading glimmer left, 
My dull deaf ears a little use to hear: 
All these old witnesses (I cannot err,) 
Tell me, thou art my son Antipholus. 



LOVE'S LABOUR'S LOST. 
ACT I. 

SELF-DENIAL. 

BRAVE conquerors! — for so you are, 
That war against your own affections, 
And the huge army of the world's desires. 

VANITY OF PLEASURE. 

Why, all delights are vain; but that most vain, 
Which, with pain purchas'd, doth inherit pain. 

ON STUDY. 

Study is like the heaven's glorious sun, 

That will not be deep-search'd with saucy looks* 
Small have continual plodders ever won, 

Save base authority from others' books. 
These earthly godfathers of heaven's lights, 

That give a name to every fixed star, 
Have no more profit of their shining nights, 

Than those that walk, and wot not what they are 
Too much to know, is, to know nought but fame; 
And every godfather can give a name. 

* Furrowed, lined 
3 



26 BEAUTIES OF SHAKSPEARE. 



An envious sneaping* frost, 
That bites the first born infants of the spring. 

A CONCEITED COURTIER. 

A man in all the world's new fashion planted, 

That hath a mint of phrases in his brain: 
One, whom the music of his own vain tongue 

Doth ravish, like enchanting harmony; 
A man of compliments, whom right and wrong 

Have chose as umpire of their mutiny: 
This child of fancy, that Armado hight,f 

For interim to our studies, shall relate, 
In high-born words, the worth of many a knight 

From tawny Spain, lost in the world's debate 

ACT II. 

BEAUTY. 

My beauty, though but mean, 
Needs not the painted flourish of your praise; 
Beauty is bought by judgment of the eye, 
Not utter'd by base sale of chapmen's tongues. 

A MERRY MAN. 

A merrier man, 
Within the limit of becoming mirth, 
I never spent an hour's talk withal: 
His eye begets occasion for his wit; 
For every object that the one doth catch, 
The other turns to a mirth-moving jest: 
Which his fair tongue (conceit's expositor,) 
Delivers in such apt and gracious words, 
That aged ears play truant at his tales, 
And younger hearings are quite ravished: 
So sweet and voluble is his discourse. 
* Nipping. f Called. 



LOVE'S LABOUR'S LOST. 27 

ACT III. 

HUMOUROUS DESCRIPTION OF LOVE. 

! — And I, forsooth, in love ! I, that have been 
love's whip; 
A very beadle to a humourous sigh: 
A critic; nay, a night-watch constable; 
A domineering pedant o'er the boy, 
Than whom no mortal so magnificent! 
This wimpled,* whining, purblind, wayward boyj 
This senior-junior, giant-dwarf, Dan Cupid; 
Regent of love-rhymes, lord of folded arm. 
The anointed sovereign of sighs and groans, 
Liege of all loiterers and malecontents, 
Dread prince of plackets,f king of codpieces, 
Sole imperator, and great general 
Of trotting paritors+ — O my little heart! — 
And I to be a corporal of his field, 
And wear his colours like a tumbler's hoop! 
What? I! I love! I sue! I seek a wife! 
A woman, that is like a German clock, 
Still a repairing; ever out of frame; 
And never going aright, being a watch, 
But being watch' d that it may still go right ? 

ACT IV. 

SONNET. 

Did not the heavenly rhetoric of thine eye 

('Gainst whom the world cannot hold argument,) 
Persuade my heart to this false perjury ? 

Vows, for thee broke, deserve not punishment. 
A woman I forswore; but, I will prove, 

Thou being a goddess, I forswore not thee: 
My vow was earthly, thou a heavenly love; 

Thy grace being gain'd, cures all disgrace in me. 
Vows are but breath, and breath a vapour is: 
Then thou, fair sun, which on my earth dost shine, 
ExhaPst this vapour vow; in thee it is: 

* Hooded, veiled. t Petticoats. 

% The officers of the spiritual courts who serve cita- 
tions. 



23 BEAUTIES OF SHAKSPEARE 

If broken then, it is no fault of mine; 
If by me broke, what fool is not so wise, 
To lose sn oath to win a paradise? 



On a day, (alack the day!) 

Love, whose month is ever May, 

Spied a blossom, passing fair, 

Playing in the wanton air: 

Through the velvet leaves the wind, 

All unseen, 'gan passage find; 

That the lover, sick to death, 

Wish'd himself the heaven's breath. 

Air, quoth he, thy cheeks may blow; 

Air, would I might triumph sol 

But, alack, my hand is sworn, 

Ne'er to pluck thee from thy thorn: 

Vow, alack, for youth unmeet; 

Youth so apt to pluck a sweet. 

Do not call it sin in me, 

That I am forsworn for thee: 

Thou for whom even Jove woiald swear, 

Juno but an Ethiop were; 

And deny himself for Jove, 

Turning mortal for thy love. 

THE POWER OF LOVE. 

But love, first learned in a lady's eyes, 
Lives not alone immured in the brain; 
But with the motion of all elements, 
Courses as swift as thought in every power; 
And gives to every power a double power, 
Above their functions and their offices. 
It adds a precious seeing to the eye; 
A lover's eyes will gaze an eagle blind; 
A lover's ear will hear the lowest sound, 
When the suspicious head of theft is stopp'd; 
Love's feeling is more soft, and sensible, 
Than are the tender horns of cockled snails; 
Love's tongue proves dainty Bacchus gross in taste; 
For valour, is not love a Hercules, 
Still climbing trees in the Hesperides ? 



LOVE'S LABOUR'S LOST. 29 

Subtle as sphinx, as sweet and musical, 
As bright Apollo's lute, strung with his hair: 
And, when love speaks, the voice of all the gods 
Makes heaven drowsy with the harmony. 
Never durst poet touch a pen to write, 
Until his ink were temper'd with love's sighs; 
O, then his lines would ravish savage ears, 
And plant in tyrant's mild humility. 

women's eyes. 
From women's eyes this doctrine I derive; 
They sparkle still the right Promethean fire; 
They are the books, the arts, the academies, 
That show, contain, and nourish all the world; 
Else, none at all in aught proves excellent. 

ACT V. 

JEST AND JESTER. 

Your task shall be 
With all the fierce* endeavour of your wit, 
To enforce the pained impotent to smile. 

Biron. To move wild laughter in the throat of 
death? 
It cannot be; it is impossible: 
Mirth cannot move a soul in agony. 

Ros. Why, that's the way to choke a gibing spiri ; 
Whose influence is begot of that loose grace, 
Which shallow laughing hearers give to fools: 
A jest's prosperity lies in the ear 
Of him that hears it, never in the tongue 
Of him that makes it. 

SONG. 

Spring. When daisies pied, and violets blue, 
And lady-smocks all silver-white, 
And cuckoo-buds of yellow hue, 

Do paint the meadows with delight, 
The cuckoo then, on every tree, 
Mocks married men, for thus sings he, 
Cuckoo; 
* Vehement 



BO BEAUTIES OF SHAKSPEARE. 

Cuckoo, cuckoo, — word of fear, 
Unpleasing to a married ear! 

When shepherds pipe on oaten straws, 
And merry larks are ploughmen's clocks, 

When turtles tread, and rooks, and daws, 
And maidens bleach their summer smocks, 

The cuckoo then, on every tree, 

Mocks married men, for thus sings he, 
Cuckoo; 

Cuckoo, cuckoo, — word of fear, 

Unpleasing to a married ear! 

Winter. When icicles hang by the wall, 

And Dick the shepherd blows his nail, 
And Tom bears logs into the hall, 

And milk comes frozen home in pail, 
When blood is nipp'd, and ways be foul, 
Then nightly sings the staring owl, 

To- who; 
Tu-whit, to-who, a merry note, 
While greasy Joan doth keel* the pot 

When all aloud the wind doth blow, 

And coughing drowns the parson's saw 
And birds sit brooding in the snow, 

And Marian's nose looks red and raw, 
When roasted crabsf hiss in the bowl, 
Then nightly sings the staring owl, 

To-who; 
To-whit, to-who, a merry note, 
While greasy Joan doth keel the pot. 



MEASURE FOR MEASURE. 
ACT I. 

VIRTUE GIVEN TO BE EXERTED. 

HEAVEN doth with us, as we with torches do; 
Not light them for themselves: for if our virtues 

* Cool. t Wild apples. 



MEASURE FOR MEASURE. 31 

Did not go forth of us, 'twere all alike 

As if we had them not. Spirits are not finely touchM 

But to fine issues:* nor nature never lends 

The smallest scruple of her excellence. 

But, like a thrifty goddess, she determines 

Herself the glory of a creditor, 

Both thanks and use.-j 

THE CONSEQUENCE OF LIBERTY INDULGED. 

As surfeit is the father of much fast, 
So every scope by the immoderate use 
Turns to restraint: Our natures do pursue, 
(Like rats that raving down their proper bane,) 
A thirsty evil; and when we drink, we die. 

ELOQUENCE AND BEAUTY. 

In her youth 
There is a prone§ and speechless dialect, 
Such as moves men; beside, she hath prosperour *it 
When she will play with reason and discourse, 
And well she can persuade. 

PARDON THE SANCTION OF WICKEDNESS. 

For we bid this be done, 
When evil deeds have their permissive pass, 
And not the punishment. 

A SEVERE GOVERNOR. 

Lord Angelo is precise; 
Stands at a guard || with envy; scarce confesses 
That his blood flows, or that his appetite 
Is more to bread than stone; Hence shall we see 
If power change purpose, what our seemers be. 

RESOLUTION. 

Our doubts are traitors, 
And make us lose the good we oft might win, 
By fearing to attempt. 

* For high purposes. t Interest. 

$ Voraciously devour § Prompt 

II On his defence 



32 BEAUTIES OF SHAKSPEARE. 

THE PRAYERS OF MAIDENS EFFECTUAL. 

Go to lord Angelo, 
And let him learn to know, when maidens sue, 
Men give like gods; but when they weep and kneel, 
All their petitions are as freely theirs 
As they themselves would owe* them 

ACT II. 

ALL MEN FRAIL. 

Let but your honour know,f 
(Whom I believe to be most strait in virtue,) 
That, in the working of your own affections, 
Had time coherd+ with place, or place with wishing, 
Or that the resolute acting of your blood 
Could have attained the effect of your own purpose, 
Whether you had not some time in your life 
Err'd in this point which now you censure him, 
And pull'd the law upon you. 

THE FAULTS OF OTHERS NO JUSTIFICATION OP 
OUR OWN. 

'Tis one thing to be tempted, Escalus, 
Another thing to fall. I not deny, 
The jury, passing on the prisoner's life, 
May, in the sworn twelve, have a thief or two 
Guiltier than him they try: What's open made to 

justice, 
That justice seizes. What know the laws, 
That thieves do pass§ on thieves? 'Tis very preg- 
nant. || 
The jewel that we find, w T e stoop and take it, 
Because we see it; but what we do not see, 
We tread upon, and never think of it. 
You may not so extenuate his offence, 
ForlT I have had such faults; but rather tell me, 
When I, that censure** him, do so offend, 
Let mine own judgment pattern out my death, 
And nothing come in partial. 

* Have. f Examine. f Suited. 

§ Pass judgment. || Plain. IT Because. 

** Sentence. 



MEASURE FOR MEASURE. 

MERCY FREQUENTLY MISTAKEN. 

Mercy is not itself, that oft looks so; 
Pardon is still the nurse of second wo. 

MERCY IN GOVERNORS COMMENDED. 

No ceremony that to great ones 'longs, 
Not the king's crown, nor the deputed sword, 
The marshal's truncheon, nor the judge's robe, 
Become them with one half so good a grace, 
As mercy does. 

THE DUTY OF MUTUAL FORGIVENESS 

Alas! alas' 
Why, all the souls that were, were forfeit once; 
And He that might the vantage best have took, 
Found out the remedy: How would you be, 
If he, which is the top of judgment, should 
But judge you as you are? O, think on that; 
And mercy then will breathe within your lips, 
Like man new made. 



Yet show some pit}\ 

Ang. I show it most of all, when I show justice, 
For then I pity those I do not know, 
Which a dismiss'd offence would after gall; 
And do him right, that, answering one foul wrong, 
IAves not to act another. 

THE ABUSE OF AUTHORITY. 

0, it is excellent 
To have a giant's strength; but it is tyrannous 
To use it like a giant. 
Could great men thunder, 

As Jove himself does, Jove would ne'er be quiet, 
For every pelting,* petty officer, 
Would use his heaven for thunder; nothing but 

thunder. 

Merciful heaven ! 

Thou rather, with thy sharp and sulphurous bolt, 

Split'st the unwedgeable and gnarledf oak, 

* Paltry. t Knotted. 



34 BEAUTIES OF SHAKSPEARE. 

Than the soft myrtle — O, but man, proud man! 

Drest in a little brief authority; 

Most ignorant of what he's most assur'd, 

His glassy essence, — like an angry ape, 

Plays such fantastic tricks before high heaven, 

As make the angels weep: who, with our spleens, 

Would all themselves laugh mortal. 

THE PRIVILEGE OF AUTHORITY. 

Great men may jest with saints: 'tis wit in thear., 
But, in the less, foul profanation. 
That in the captain's bat a choleric word, 
Which in the soldier is flat blasphemy. 

HONEST BRIBERY. 

Hark, how I'll bribe you. 

Ang. How ! bribe me ? 

Isab. Ay, with such gifts, that heaven shall share 
with you. 

Lucio. You had marr'd all else. 

Isab. Not with fond shekels of the tested* gold, 
Or stones, whose rates are either rich, or poor, 
As fancy values them: but with true prayers, 
That shall be up at heaven, and enter there. 
Ere sun-rise; prayers from preserved! souls, 
From fasting maids, wdiose minds are dedicate 
To nothing temporal. 

THE POWER OF VIRTUOUS DUTY. 

Is this her fault, or mine? 
The tempter, or the tempted, who sins most? Ha 
Not she; nor doth she tempt: but it is I, 
That lying by the violet, in the sun, 
Do, as the carrion does, not as the flower, 
Corrupt, with virtuous season. Can it be, 
That modesty may more betray our sense 
Than woman's lightness? Having waste ground 

enough, 
Shall we desire to raze the sanctuary, 
And pitch our evils there ?J O, fy, fy, fy! 

* Attested, stamped. 

\ Preserved from the corruption of the world. 

t See 2 Kings, x. 27. 



MEASURE FOR MEASURE. 8ft 

What dost thou? or what art thou, Angelo? 

Dost thou desire her foully, for those things 

That make her good? O, let her brother live. 

Thieves for their robbery have authority, 

VVhen judges steal themselves. What? do I love her 

That I desire to hear her speak again, 

And feast upon her eyes? What is't I dream on" 

O cunning enemy, that, to catch a saint, 

With saints dost bait thy hook! Most dangerous 

Is that temptation, that doth goad us on 

To sin in loving virtue: never could the strumpet, 

With all her double vigour, art, and nature, 

Once stir my temper; but this virtuous maid 

Subdues me quite. 

LOVE IN A GRAVE SEVERE GOVERNOR. 

When I would pray and think, I think and pray 
To several subjects: heaven hath my empty words; 
Whilst my invention hearing not my tongue, 
Anchors on Isabel: Heaven in my mouth, 
As if I did but only chew his name; 
.And in my heart, the strong and swelling evil 
Of my conception: The state, whereon I studied, 
Is like a good thing, being often read, 
Grown fear'd and tedious; yea, my gravity, 
Wherein (let no man hear me) I take pride, 
Could I, with boot,* change for an idle plume, 
Which the air beats for vain. O place! O form! 
How often dost thou with thy case,f thy habit, 
Wrench awe from fools, and tie the wiser souls 
To thy false seeming? 

FORNICATION AND MURDER EQUALLED. 

It were as good 
To pardon him, that hath from nature stolen 
A man already made, as to remit 
Their saucy sweetness, that do coin heaven's im»' 
In stamps that are forbid : 'tis all as easy 
Falsely to take away a life true made, 
As to put mettle in restrained means, 
To make a false one 

* Profit. t Outside. 



36 BEAUTIES OF SHAKSPEARE. 

LOWLINESS OF MIND. 

Let me be ignorant, and in nothing good, 
But graciously to know I am no better. 

Ang. Thus wisdom wishes to appear most bright, 
When it doth tax itself. 

TEMPORAL FAR BETTER THAN ETERNAL DEATH. 

better it were, a brother died at once, 
Than that a sister by redeeming him, 
Should die for ever. 

women's frailty. 

Nay, women are frail too. 

Isak. Ay, as the glasses where they view them- 
selves; 
Which are as easy broke as they make forms. 
Women ! — Help heaven ! men their creation mar 
In profiting by them. Nay call us ten times frail; 
For we are soft as our complexions are, 
And credulous to false prints.* 

ACT III. 



The miserable have no other medicine, 
But only hope. 

REFLECTIONS ON THE VANITY OF LIFE. 

Reason thus with life, — 
If I do lose thee, I do lose a thing 
That none but fools would keep; a breath thou art, 
(Servile to all the skiey influences,) 
That dost this habitation, where thou keep'st, 
Hourly afflict: merely, thou art death's fool; 
For him thou labour'st by thy flight to shun, 
And yet run'st toward him still: Thou art not noble; 
For all the accommodations that thou bear'st, 
Are nurs'd by baseness: thou art by no means 

valiant; 
For thou dost fear the soft and tender fork 
Of a poor worm: Thy best of rest is sleep, 

* Impressions. 



MEASURE FOR MEASURE. 87 

And that thou oft provok'st : yet grossly fear'st 
Thy death, which is no more. Thou art not thyself; 
For thou exist'st on many a thousand grains 
That issue out of dust: Happy thou art not: 
For what thou hast not, still thou striv'st to get 
And what thou hast, forget'st: Thou art not certain* 
For thy complexion shifts to strange effects,* 
After the moon: if thou art rich, thou art poor; 
For, like an ass, whose back with ingots hows, 
Thou bear'st thy heavy riches but a journey, 
And death unloads thee: Friend hast thou none; 
For thine own bowels, which do call thee sire, 
The mere effusion of thy proper loins, 
Do curse the gout, serpigo,f and the rheum, 
For ending thee no sooner: Thou hast nor youth, 

nor age: 
But, as it were, an after-dinner's sleep, 
Dreaming on both: for all thy blessed youth 
Becomes as aged, and doth beg the alms 
Of palsied eld;:f; and when thou art old, and rich, 
Thou hast neither heat, affection, limb, nor beauty 
To make thy riches pleasant. What's yet in this. 
That bears the name of life ? yet in this life 
Lie hid more thousand deaths: yet death we fear. 
That makes these odds all even. 

THE TERRORS OF DEATH MOST IN APPREHENSION 

O, I do fear thee, Claudio; and I quake, 
Lest thou a ferverous life should'st entertain, 
And six or seven winters more respect 
Than a perpetual honour. Dar'st thou die? 
The sense of death is most in apprehension; 
And the poor beetle, that we tread upon, 
In corporal sufferance finds a pang as great 
As when a giant dies. 

RESOLUTION FROM A SENSE OF HONOUR,, 

Why give you me this shame? 
Think you I can a resolution fetch 
From flowery tenderness? If I must die, 

♦Affects, affections. t Leprous eruptions 

t Old age. 4 



38 BEAUTIES OF SHAKSPEARE. 

I will encounter darkness as a bride, 
And hug it in mine arms. 

THE HYPOCRISY OF ANGELO. 

There my father's grave 
Did utter forth a voice! Yes, thou must die: 
Thou art too noble to conserve a life 
In base appliances. This outward-sainted deputy,— 
Whose settled visage and deliberate word 
Nips youth i'the head, and follies doth enmew,* 
As falco'n doth the fowl, — is yet a devil; 
His filth within being cast, he would appear 
A pond as deep as hell. 

THE TERRORS OP DEATH 

Death is a fearful thing. 

Isab. And shamed life a hateful. 

Claud. Ay, but to die, and go we know not where 
To lie in cold obstruction, and to rot: 
This sensible warm motion to become 
A kneaded clod; and the delighted spirit 
To bathe in fiery floods, or to reside 
In thrilling regions of thick-ribbed ice; 
To be imprison'd in the viewlessf winds, 
And blown with restless violence about 
The pendent world; or to be worse than worst 
Of those, that lawless and incertain thoughts 
Imagine howling! — 'tis too horrible! 
The weariest and most loathed worldly life, 
That age, ach, penury, and imprisonment 
Can lay on nature, is a paradise 
To what we fear of death. 

VIRTUE AND GOODNESS. 

Virtue is bold, and goodness never fearful 

A BAWD. 

The evil that thou causest to be done, 
That is thy means to live: Do thou but thi^ 
What 'tis to cram a maw, or clothe a back, 
From such a filthy vice : say to thyself, — 

* Shut up. f Invisible. 



MEASURE FOR MEASURE. 89 

From their abominable and beastly touches 
I drink, I eat, array myself, and live. 
Canst thou believe thy living is a life, 
Sostinkingly depending? Go, mend, go, mend. 

ACT~IV. 

SONG. 

Take, oh take, those lips away, 
That so sweetly were forsworn; 

And those eyes, the break of day, 
Lights that do mislead the morn: 

But my kisses bring again, ' 

Seals of love, but seal'd in vain. 

Hide, oh hide, those hills of snow, 
Which thy frozen bosom bears, 

On whose tops the pinks that grow 
Are of those that April wears: 

But my poor heart first set free, 

Bound in those icy chains by thee. 

GREATNESS SUBJECT TO CENSURE. 

O place and greatness, millions of false eyes, 
Are stuck upon thee ! volumes of report 
Run with these false and most contrarious quests 
Upon thy doings ! thousand 'scapes* of wit 
Make thee the father of their idle dream, 
And rack thee in their fancies. 

SOUND SLEEP. 

As fast lock'd up in sleep, as guiltless labour 
When it lies starklyf in the traveller's bones. 

ACT V. 

CHARACTER OF AN ARCH HYPOCRITE. 

O prince, I conjure thee, as thou believ'st 
There is another comfort than this world, 
That thou neglect me not, with that opinion 
That I am touch'd with madness: make not impo* 

sible 
That which but seems unlike • 'Tis not impossible 
* Sallies. t Stifly. 



40 BEAUTIES OF SHAKSPEARE. 

But one, the wicked'st caitiff on the ground, 
May seem as shy, as grave, as just, as absolute, 
As Angelo; even so may Angelo, 
In all his dressings,* char acts, titles, forms, 
Be an arch-villain: believe it, royal prince, 
If he be less, he's nothing; but he's more, 
Had I more name for badness. 



MERCHANT OF VENICE. 
ACT I. 

MIRTH AND MELANCHOLY. 

NOW, by two-headed Janus, 
Nature hath fram'd strange fellows in her time: 
Some that will evermore peep through their eyes, 
And laugh, like parrots, at a bag-piper; 
And other of such vinegar aspect, 
That they'll not show their teeth in way of smile, 
Though Nestor swear the jest be laughable. 

WORLDLINESS. 

You have too much respect upon the world: 
They lose it, that do buy it with much care. 

THE WORLD'S TRUE VALUE. 

I hold the world but as the world, Gratiano; 
A stage where every man must play a part. 

CHEERFULNESS. 

Let me play the Fool : 
With mirth and laughter let old wrinkles come: 
And let my liver rather heat with wine, 
Than my heart cool with mortifying groans. 
Why should a man, whose blood is warm within, 
Sit like his grandsire cut in alabaster? 
Sleep when he wakes? and creep into the jaundice 
By being peevish? 

* Habits and characters of office 



MERCHANT OF VENICE. 41 



AFFECTED GRAVITY. 

I tell thee what, Antonio, — 
I love thee, ai,d it is my love that speaks; — 
There are a sort of men, whose visages 
Do cream and mantle, like a standing pond; 
And do a wilful stillness* entertain, 
With purpose to be dress'd in an opinion 
Of wisdom, gravity, profound conceit; 
As who should say, / am Sir Oracle, 
JLnd, when 1 ope iny lips, let no dog bark! 
O, my Antonio, I do know of these, 
That therefore only are reputed wise, 
For saying nothing. 

LOQ.UACITY. 

Gratiano speaks an infinite deal of nothing, more 
than any man in all Venice: his reasons are as two 
grains of wheat hid in two bushels of chaff; you 
shall seek all day ere you find them; and, when you 
have them, they are not worth the search. 

MEDIOCRITY. 

For aught I see, they are as sick, that surfeit with 
too much, as they that starve with nothing: It is no 
mean happiness, therefore, to be seated in the mean; 
superfluity comes sooner by white hairs, but compe- 
tency lives longer. 

SPECULATION MORE EASY THAN PRACTICE. 

If to do were as easy as to know what were good 
lo do, chapels had been churches, and poor men's 
cottages, princes' palaces. It is a good divine that 
follows his own instructions: I can easier teach 
twenty what were good to be done, than be one ot 
the twenty to follow mine own teaching. The brain 
may devise laws for the blood; but a hot temper 
leaps over a cold decree; such a hare is madness the 
youth, to skip o'er the meshes of good counsel thfl 
cripple. 

* Obstinate silence. 



42 BEAUTIES OF SHAKSPEARE. 

THE JEW'S MALICE. 

Bass. This is signior Antonio. 

Shy. [Aside.] How like a fawning publican he 
looks ! 
I hate him, for he is a Christian : 
But more, for that, in low simplicity, 
He lends out money gratis, and brings down 
The rate of usance here with us in Venice. 
If I can catch him once upon the hip, 
I will feed fat the ancient grudge I bear him 
He hates our sacred nation; and he rails, 
Even there where merchants most do congregate. 
On me, my bargains, and my well-won thrift, 
Which he'calls interest: Cursed be my tribe, 
If I forgive him ! 

HYPOCRISY. 

Mark you this, Bassanio, 
The devil can cite scripture for his purpose. 
An evil soul, producing holy witness, 
Is like a villain with a smiling cheek; 
A goodly apple rotten at the heart; 
O, what a goodly outside falsehood hath ! 

the jew's expostulation. 
Signior Antonio, many a time and oft, 
In the Rialto you have rated me 
About my monies, and my usances:* 
Still have I borne it with' a patient shrug; 
For sufferance is the badge of all our tribe: 
You call me— misbeliever, cut-throat dog, 
And spit upon my Jewish gaberdine, 
And all for use of that which is mine own. 
Well then it now appears, you need my help: 
Go to then; you come to me, and you say, 
Shijloc.'c, we would have monies: You say so, 
You, that did void your rheum upon my beard, 
And foot me, as you spurn a stranger cur 
Over vour threshold: Monies is your suit. 
What'should I say to you? Should I not say, 
* Interest. 



MERCHANT OF VENICE. 43 

Hath a dog money? is it possible, 
A cur can lend three thousand ducats ? or 
Shall I bend low, and in a bondman's key, 
With 'bated breath, and whispering humbleness, 

Say this, 

Fair sir, you spit on me on Wednesday last; 
You spurned me such a day: another time 
You calVd me — dog; and for these courtesies 
I'll lend you thus much monies. 

ACT II. 

GRAVITY ASSUMED. 

Signior Bassanio, hear me: 
If I do not put on a sober habit, 
Talk with respect, and swear but now and then, 
Wear prayer-books in my pocket, look demurely; 
Nay more, while grace is saying, hood mine eyes 
Thus with my hat, and sigh, and say, amen; 
Use all the observance of civility, 
Like one well studied in a sad ostent* 
To please his grandam, never trust me more. 
the jew's commands to his daughter. 

Lock up my doors; and when you hear the drum,, 
And the vile squeaking of the wry-neck'd fife. 
Clamber not you up to the casements then, 
Nor thrust your head into the public street, 
To gaze on Christian fools with varnish'd faces: 
But stop my house's ears, I mean my casements^ 
Let not the sound of shallow foppery enter 
My sober house. 

POSSESSION MORE LANGUID THAN EXPECTATION. 

O, ten times faster Venus' pigeons fly 
To seal love's bonds new made, than they are wont, 
To keep obliged faith unforfeited! 
Who riseth from a feast, 
With what keen appetite that he sits down? 
Where is the horse that doth untread again 
His tedious measures with the unbated fire 
* Show of staid and serious demeanour. 



44 BEAUTIES OF SHAKSPEARE. 

That he did pace them first? All things that are, 
Are with more spirit chased than enjoy'd. 
How like a yonker, or a prodigal, 
The scarfed* bark puts from her native bay, 
Kugg'd and embraced by the strumpet wind! 
How like the prodigal doth she return, 
With over-weather'd ribs, and ragged sails, 
Lean, rent, and beggar'd by the strumpet wind! 

PORTIA'S SUITORS. 

From the four corners of the earth they come, 
To kiss this shrine, this mortal breathing saint. 
The Hyrcanian deserts, and the vasty wilds 
Of wide Arabia, are as through-fares now, 
For princes to come view fair Portia: 
The watery kingdom, whose ambitious head 
Spits in the face of heaven, is no bar 
To stop the foreign spirits; but they come, 
As o'er a brook, to see fair Portia. 

THE PARTING OF FRIENDS. 

I saw Bassanio and Antonio part: 
Bassanio told him he would make some speed 
Of his return ; he answer'd — Do not so, 
Slubber not\ business for my sake, Bassanio, 
But stay the very riping of the time; 
And for the Jew's bond, which he hath of me, 
Let it not enter in your mind of love: 
Be merry; and employ your chief est thoughts 
To courtship, and such fair ostenls% of love 
Jis shall conveniently become you there: 
And even there, his eye being big with tears, 
Turning his face, he put his hand behind him, 
And with affection wondrous sensible 
He wrung Bassanio's hand and so they parted. 

HONOUR TO BE CONFERRED ON MERIT ONLY. 

For who shall go about 
To cozen fortune, and be honourable 
* Decorated with flags, 
t To slubber is to do a thing carelessly. 
% Shows, tokens. 



H tmm W^M WPI W f M !MM m 



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E~ s 



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EffiHSffi3ILS,Sr® ®3F "WTSSiESIB. 



Shylock. The villany you teach me, I will execute 

Act III. He. I. 



<rf. 



MMmmm m® li Mp WilwJwirJ ra^lf$ 1 PH 



MERCHANT OF VENICE. 45 

Without the stamp of merit ! Let none presume 
To wear an undeserved dignity. 
O, that estates, degrees, and offices, 
Were not deriv'd corruptly ! and that clear honour 
Were purchas'd by the merit of the wearer ! 
How many then should cover , that stand bare? 
How many be commanded, that command? 
How much low peasantry would then be glean'd 
From the true seed of honour? and how much honour 
Pick'd from the chaff* and ruin of the times, 
To be new varnish'd? 

LOVE MESSENGER COMPARED TO AN APRIL DAY. 

I have not seen 
So likely an ambassador of love : 
A day in April never came so sweet, 
To show how costly summer was at hand, 
As this fore-spurrer comes before his lord. 

ACT III. 

the jew's revenge. 

If it will feed nothing else, it will feed my revenge. 
He hath disgraced me, and hindered me of half a 
million; laughed at my losses, mocked at my gains, 
scorned my nation, thwarted my bargains, cooled my 
friends, heated mine enemies; and what's his rea- 
son? I am a Jew. Hath not a Jew eyes? hath not a 
Jew hands, organs, dimensions, senses, affections, 
passions? fed with the same food, hurt with the 
same weapons, subject to the same diseases, healed 
by the same means, warmed and cooled by the same 
winter and summer, as a Christian is? If you prick 
us, do we not bleed ? if you tickle us, do we not 
laugh? if you poison us, do we not die? and if you 
wrong us, shall we not revenge? If we are like you 
in the rest, we will resemble you in that. If a Jew 
wrong a christian, what is his humility? revenge: 
if a Christian wrong a Jew, what should his suffer- 
ance be by Christian example? why, revenge The 
villany, you teach me, I will execute : and it shall 
go hard, but I will better the instruction. 



46 BEAUTIES OF SHAKSPEARE. 

MUSIC. 

Let music sound, while he doth make his choice; 

Then, if he lose, he makes a swan-like end, 

Fading in music: that the comparison 

May stand more proper, my eye shall be the stream 

And wat'ry death-bed for him: He may win; 

And what is music then? then music is 

Even as the flourish when true subjects bow 

To a new-crowned monarch: such it is, 

As are those dulcet sounds in break of day, 

That creep into the dreaming bridegroom's ear, 

And summon him to marriage. Now he goes, 

With no less presence,* but with much more love, 

Than young Alcides, when he did redeem 

The virgin tribute paid by howling Troy 

To the sea-monster: I stand for sacrifice, 

The rest aloof are the Dardanian wives, 

With bleared visages, come forth to view 

The issue of the exploit. 

THE DECEIT OF ORNAMENT OR APPEARANCES. 

The world is still deceived with ornament; 
In law, what plea so tainted and corrupt, 
But, being season'd with a graciousf voice, 
Obscures the show of evil? In religion, 
What damned error, but some sober brow 
Will bless it, and approve it with a text, 
Hiding the grossness with fair ornament? 
There is no vice so simple, but assumes 
Some mark of virtue on his outward parts. 
How many cowards, whose hearts are all as false 
As stairs of sand, wear yet upon their chins 
The beards of Hercules, andVrowning Mars; 
Who, inward search'd, have livers white as milk? 
And these assume but valour's excrement, 
To render them redoubted. Look on beauty, 
And you shall see 'tis purchas'd by the weight; 
Which therein works a miracle in nature, 
Making them lightest that wear most of it: 
So are those crisped* snaky golden locks, 

* Dignity of mein. | Winning favour. $ Curled 



MERCHANT OF VENICE. 47 

Which make such wanton gambols with the wind, 

Upon supposed fairness, often known 

To be the dowry of a second head, 

The skull that bred them, in the sepulchre. 

Thus ornament is but the guiled* shore 

To a most dangerous sea; the beauteous scarf 

Veiling an Indian beauty : in a word, 

The seeming truth which cunning times put on 

To entrap the wisest. 

portia's picture. 

What find I here? [Opening the leaden casket 
Fair Portia's counterfeit?! What demi-god 
Hath come so near creation? Move these eyes? 
Or whether, riding on the balls of mine, 
Seem they in motion ? Here are sever'd lips, 
Parted with sugar breath; so sweet a bar 
Should sunder such sweet friends Here in her hairs 
The painter plays the spider; and hath woven 
A golden mesh to entrap the hearts of men, 
Faster than gnats in cobwebs: But her eyes, — 
How could he see to do them? having made one, 
Methinks, it should have power to steal both his, 
And leave itself unfurnish'd. 

SUCCESSFUL LOVER COMPARED TO A CONQ.UEROR. 

Like one of two contending in a prize, 
That thinks he hath done well in people's eyes, 
Hearing applause and universal shout, 
Giddy in spirit, still gazing, in a doubt 
Whether those peals of praise be his or not; 
So thrice fair lady, stand I. 

HIS THOUGHTS TO THE INARTICULATE JOTS OP A 
CROWD. 

There is such confusion in my powers, 
As, after some oration fairly spoke 
By a beloved prince, there doth appear 
Among the buzzing pleased multitude: 
Where every something, being blentj together, 

* Treacherous. t Likeness, portrait. t Blended. 



48 BEAUTIES OF SHAKSPEARE. 

Turns to a wild of nothing save of joy, 
Express'd, and not express'd. 

IMPLACABLE REVENGE. 

Shy. I'll have my bond ; I will not hear thee speak: 
Pll have my bond; and therefore speak no more, 
I'll not be made a soft and dull-ey'd fool, 
To shake the head, relent, and sigh, and yield 
To Christian intercessors. 

THE BOASTING OF YOUTH. 

I'll hold thee any wager, 
When we are both accouter'd like young men, 
I'll prove the prettier fellow of the two, 
And wear my dagger with the brax'er grace; 
And speak, between the change of man and boy, 
With a reed voice; and turn two mincing steps 
Into a manly stride; and speak of frays, 
Like a fine bragging youth: and tell quaint lies, 
How honourable ladies sought my love, 
Which I denying, they fell sick and died; 
I could not do with all; — then I'll repent, 
And wish, for all that, that I had not kill'd them: 
And twenty of these puny lies I'll tell, 
That men shall swear, I have discontinued school 
Above a twelvemonth. 

AFFECTATION IN WORDS. 

O dear discretion, how his words are suited* 
The fool hath planted in his memory 
An army of good words: and I do know 
As many fools, that stand in better place 
Garnish'd like him, that for a tricksy word 
Defy the matter. 

THE JEW'S REASON FOR REVENGE. 

You'll ask me why I rather chose to have 
A weight of carrion flesh, than to receive 
Three thousand ducats: I'll not answer that: 
But, say, it is my humour:* Is it answer'd? 
What if my house be troubled with a rat, 

* Particular fancy. 



MERCHANT OF VENICE. 49 

And I be pleased to give ten thousand ducats 

To have it baned? What, are you answer'd yet? 

Some men there are, love not a gaping pig ; 

Some, that, are mad, if they behold a cat ; 

And others, when the bag-pipe sings i'the nose, 

Cannot contain their urine: For affection,* 

Mistress of passion, sways it to the mood 

Of what it likes, or loaths: Now, for your answer 

As there is no firm reason to be render'd, 

Why he cannot abide a gapingf pig; 

Why he, a harmless necessary cat; 

Why he, a swollen bag-pipe; but of force 

Must yield to such inevitable shame, 

As to offend, himself being offended; 

So can I give no reason, nor I will not, 

More than a lodg'd hate, and a certain loathing 

I bear Antonio, that I follow thus 

A losing suit against him. Are you answer'd? 

MERCY. 

The quality of mercy is not strain'd ; 
It droppeth as the gentle rain from heaven 
Upon the place beneath: it is twice bless'd; 
It blesseth him that gives, and him that takes: 
5 Tis mightiest in the mightiest; it becomes 
The throned monarch better than his crown: 
His sceptre shows the force of temporal power 
The attribute to awe and majesty, 
Wherein doth sit the dread and fear of kings; 
But mercy is above this sceptre'd sway. 
It is enthroned in the hearts of kings, 
It is an attribute to God himself; 
And earthly power doth then show likest God's, 
When mercv seasons justice. 

FORTUNE. 

For herein fortune shows herself more kind 
Than is her custom: it is still her use, 
To let the wretched man outlive his wealth, 
To view with hollow eye, and wrinkled brow, 
An age of poverty 

* Prejudice. 5 t Crying. 



50 BEAUTIES OF SHAKSPEARE 

ACT V. 

MOONLIGHT. 

How sweet the moonlight sleeps upon this bank! 
Here will we sit, and let the sounds of music 
Creep in our ears; soft stillness, and the night, 
Become the touches of sweet harmony. 
Sit, Jessica: Look, how the floor of heaven 
Is thick inlaid with patines* of bright gold: 
There's not the smallest orb, which thou behoid'st, 
But in his motion like an angel sings, 
Still quiring to the young-eyed cherubim: 
Such harmony is in immortal souls; 
But, whilst this muddy vesture of decay 
Doth grossly close it in, we cannot hear it. 

MUSIC. 

1 am never merry, when I hear sweet music. 

Lor. The reason is, your spirits are attentive: 
For do but note a wild and wanton herd, 
Or race of youthful and unhandled colts, 
Fetching mad bounds, bellowing, and neighing loud. 
Which is the hot condition of their blood; 
If they but hear perchance a trumpet sound, 
Or any air of music touch their ears, 
You shall perceive them make a mutual stand, 
Their savage eyes turn'd to a modest gaze, 
By the sweet power of music: Therefore the poet 
Did feign that Orpheus drew trees, stones, and floodsj 
Since not so stockish, hard, and full of rage, 
But music for the time doth change his nature* 
The man that hath no music in himself, 
Nor is not moved with concord of sweet sounds, 
Is fit for treasons, stratagems, and spoils; 
The motions ©f his spirit are dull as night, 
And his affections dark as Erebus: 
Let no such man be trusted. 

A GOOD DEED COMPARED. 

How far that little candle throws his beams! 
So shines a good deed in a naughty world. 

* A small flat dish, used in the administration of the 
Eucharist. 



A MIDSUMMER NIGHT'S DREAM. 51 

NOTHING GOOD OUT OF SEASON. 

The crow doth sing as sweetly as the lark, 
When neither is attended; and, I think, 
The nightingale, if she should sing by day, 
When every goose is cackling, would be thought 
No better a musician than the wren. 
How many things by season seasoned are 
To their right praise, and true perfection ! — 
Peace, hoa! the moon sleeps with Endymion, 
And would not be awak'd ! 

MOONLIGHT NIGHT. 

This night, methinks, is but the daylight sick, 
It looks a little paler; 'tis a day, 
Such as the day is when the sun is hid. 



A MIDSUMMER NIGHT'S DREAM. 

ACT I. 

A father's authority. 

TO you your father should be as a god; 
One that compos'd your beauties; yea, and one 
To whom you are but as a form in wax, 
By him imprinted, and within his power 
To leave the figure, or disfigure it. 

A RECLUSE LIFE. 

Therefore, fair Hermia, question your desires, 
Know of your youth, examine well your blood, 
Whether, if you yield not to your father's choice, 
You can endure the livery of a nun; 
For aye* to be in shady cloister mew'd, 
To live a barren sister all your life, 
Chanting faint hymns to the cold fruitless moon. 
Thrice blessed they, that master so their blood, 
To undergo such maiden pilgrimage: 
But earthlier happy is the rose distill'd, 

• Ever. 



52 BEAUTIES OF SHAKSPEARE. 

Than that, which, withering on the **£**+ 
Grows, lives, and dies, m single blessedness. 

TRUE LOVE EVER CROSSED. 

For aught that ever I could read, 
Pnnld ever hear by tale or history, 
The course of true" love never did run smooth- 
But. either it was different in blood: 
Or else misgraffed, in respect of years; 
Or else it stood upon the choice of friends: 
Or, if there were a sympathy in choice 
War, death, or sickness did lay siege to it, 
Making it momentany* as a sound, 
Swift as a shadow, short as any dream; 
Brief as the lightning in the colliedt night, 
Tha , in a spleen, unfolds both heaven and eartb, 
And ere a man hath power to say -Behold! 
The iaws of darkness do devour it up: 
So quick bright things come to confusion. 

ASSIGNATION. 

1 swear to thee, by cupid's strongest bow; 
By his best arrow with the golden head; 
Rv the simplicity of Venus' doves; 
By that wSch knitteth souls and prospers loves: 
And by that fire which burn'd the Carthage queen, 
When the false Trojan under sail was seen; 
Bv all the vows that ever men have broke, 
In number more than ever woman spoke;— 
In that same place thou hast appointed me, 
To-morrow truly will I meet with thee. 

THE MOON. 

When Phcebe doth behold 
Her silver visage in the wat'ry gjass, 
Decking with liquid pearls the bladed grass. 

LOVE. 

Things base and vile, holding no quantity, 
Love can transpose to form and dignity 
Love looks not with the eyes, but with the mind 
* Momentary. t Black. 



A MIDSUMMER NIGHT'S DREAM. 63 

And therefore is winged Cupid painted blind 
Nor hath love's mind of any judgment taste; 
Wings, and no eyes, figure unheedy haste: 
And therefore is love said to be a child, 
Because in choice he is so oft beguil'd. 
As waggish boys in game* themselves forswear 
So the boy love is perjur'd every where. 

PUCK. 

I am that merry wanderer of the night, 
I jest to Oberon, and make him smile, 
When I a fat and bean-fed horse beguile, 
Neighing in likeness of a silly foal: 
And sometimes lurk I in a gossip's bowl, 
In very likeness of a roasted crab;f 
And, when she drink, against her lips I bob, 
And on her wither'd dew-lap pour the ale. 
The wisest aunt, telling the saddest tale, 
Sometime for three-foot stool mistaketh me; 
Then slip I from her bum, down topples she, 
And tailor cries, and falls into a cough; 
And then the whole quire hold their hips, and loffej 
And waxen in their mirth, and neeze, and swear 
A merrier hour was never wasted there. 

FAIRY JEALOUSY, AND THE EFFECTS OP IT. 

These are the forgeries of jealousy : 
And never, since the middle summer's spring, 
Met we on hill, in dale, forest, or mead, 
By paved fountain, or by rushy brook, 
Or on the beachy margent of the sea, 
To dance our ringlets to the whistling wind, 
But with thy brawls thou hast disturb'd our sport. 
Therefore the winds, piping to us in vain, 
As in revenge, have suck'd up from the sea 
Contagious fogs; which falling in the land, 
Have every pelting! river made so proud, 
That they have overborne their continents;§ 
The ox hath therefore stretch'd his yoke in vain, 
The ploughman lost his sweat; and the green corn 

* Sport. t Wild apple. X Petty. 

§ Banks which contain them. 



54 BEAUTIES OF SHAKSPEARE. 

Hath rotted, ere his youth attained a beard 

The fold stands empty in the drowned field, 

And crows are fatted with the murrian flock; 

The nine men's morris* is fill'd up with mud; 

And the quaint mazes in the wanton green, 

For lack of tread, are undistinguishable; 

The human mortals want their winter here; 

No night is now with hymn or carol bless'd:— 

Therefore the moon, the governess of floods, 

Pale in her anger, washes all the air, 

That rheumatic diseases do abound: 

And through this distemperature, we see 

The seasons alter: hoary-headed frosts 

Fall in the fresh lap of the crimson rose; 

And on old Hyems' chin, an icy crown, 

An odorous chaplet of sweet summer buds 

Is, as in a mockery, set- The spring, the summer, 

The childingf autumn*, angry winter, change 

Their wonted liveries; and the mazed world, 

By their increase^ now knows not which is which. 

LOVE IN IDLENESS. 

Thou remember'st 
Since once I sat upon a promontory, 
And heard a mermaid, on a dolphin's back, 
Uttering such a dulcet and harmonious breath, 
That the rude sea grew civil at her song; 
And certain stars shot madly from their spheres, 
To hear the sea-maid's music. 
That very time I saw, (but thou could'st not,) 
Flying between the cold moon and the earth, 
Cupid all arm'd. a certain aim he took 
At a fair vestal, throned by the west; 
And loos'd his love-shaft smartly from his bow, 
As it should pierce a hundred thousand hearts; 
But I might see young Cupid's fiery shaft 
Quench'd in the chaste beams of the wat'ry moon} 
And the imperial votress passed on, 
In maiden meditation fancy-free. § 

* A game played by boys. 

t Autumn producing flowers unseasonably. 

t Produce, § Exempt from love. 



A MIDSUMMER NIGHT'S DREAM. 55 

Yet mark'd I where the bolt of cupid fell: 

It fell upon a little western flower, — 

Before, milk-white; now purple with love's wound,— 

And maidens call it, love-in-idleness 

A FAIRY BANE. 

I know a bank whereon the wild thyme blows, 
Where ox-lips* and the nodding violet grows; 
Quite over-canopied with lushf woodbine, 
With sweet musk-roses, and with eglantine: 
There sleeps Titania, some time of the night, 
Lull'd in these flowers with dances and delight. 



ACT III. 

FAIRY COURTESIES. 

Be kind and courteous to this gentleman; 
Hop in his walks, and gambol in his eyes; 
Feed him with apricocks and dewberries,:): 
With purple grapes, green figs, and mulberries; 
The honey bags steal from the humble-bees, 
And, for night tapers crop their waxen thighs, 
And light them at the fiery glow-worm's eyes, 
To have my love to bed, and to arise; 
And pluck the wings from painted butterflies, 
To fan the moon-beams from his sleeping eyes: 
Nod to him, elves, and dj him courtesies. 

FEMALE FRIENDSHIP. 

Is all the counsel that we two have shar'd, 
The sisters' vows, the hours that we have spent, 
When we have chid the hasty-footed time 
For parting us, — O, and is all forgot? 
All school-days' friendship, childhood innocence, 
We, Hermia, like two artificial§ gods, 
Have with our neelds{| created both one flower, 
Both on one sampler, sitting on one cushion. 
Both warbling of one song, both in one key; 
As if our hands, our sides, voices, and minds, 

* The greater cowslip, f Vigorous, t Goosberries. 
§ Ingenious. II Needles. 



56 BEAUTIES OF SHAKSPEARE. 

Had been incorporate. So we grew together, 
Like to a double cherry, seeming parted; 
But vet a union in partition, 
Two lovely berries moulded on one stem: 
vSo, with two seeming bodies, but one heart; 
Two of the first, like coats in heraldry, 
Due but to one, and crowned with one crest. 
And will you rent our ancient love asunder, 
To join with men in scorning your poor friend? 
It is not friendly, 'Tis not. maidenly: 
Our sex, as well as I, may chide you for it; 
Though I alone do feel the injury. 

DAYBREAK. 

Night's swift dragons cut the clouds full fast, 
And yonder shines Aurora's harbinger; 
At whose approach, ghosts, wandering here and 

there, 
Troop home to church-yards. 



ACT IV. 

DEW IN FLOWERS. 

And that same dew, which sometime on the buds 
Was wont to swell like round and orient pearls, 
Stood now within the pretty flow'rets 5 eyes, 
Like tears, that did their own disgrace bewail. 

HUNTING. 

We will, fair queen, up to the mountain's top, 
nd mark the musical confusion 
Of hounds and echo in conjunction. 

Hip. I was with Hercules, and Cadmus, once 
When in a wood of Crete they bay'd the bear 
With hounds of Sparta: never did I hear 
Such gallant chiding;* for, besides the groves, 
The skies, the fountains, every region near 
Seem'd all one mutual cry • I never heard 
So musical a discord, such sweet thunder. 

* Sound. 



A MIDSUMMER NIGHT'S DREAM. 67 

HOUNDS. 

My hounds are bred out of the Spartan kind, 
So flew'd,* so sanded; and their heads are hung 
With ears that sweep away the morning dew; 
Crook-knee'd, and dew-lap'd like Thessalian bulls. 
Slow in pursuit, but match'd in mouth like bells, 
Each under each. A cry more tuneable 
Was never holla'd to, nor cheer'd with norm 

ACT V. 

THE POWER OF IMAGINATION. 

The lunatic, the lover, and the poet, 
Are of imagination all compact :f 
One sees more devils than vast hell can hold, 
That is, the madman : the lover, all as frantic, 
Sees Helen's beauty in a brow of Egypt: 
The poet's eye, in a fine frenzy rolling, 
Doth glance from heaven to earth, from earth to 

heav'n; 
And, as imagination bodies forth 
The forms of things unknown, the poet's pen 
Turns them to shapes, and gives to airy nothing 
A local habitation, and a name. 

SIMPLICITY AND DUTY. 

For never any thing can be amiss, 
When simpleness and duty tender it. 

Hip. I love not to see wretchedness o'ercharg'd, 
And duty in his service perishing. 

MODEST DUTY ALWAYS ACCEPTABLE. 

Where I have come, great clerks have purposed 
To greet me with premeditated welcomes; 
Where I have seen them shiver and look pale, 
Make periods in the midst of sentences, 
Throttle their practis'd accent in their fears, 
And, in conclusion, dumbly have broke off, 
Not paying me a welcome: Trust me, sweet. 

* The flews are the large chaps of a hound, 
t Are made of mere imagination. 



5S BEAUTIES OF SHAKSPEAEE. 

Out of this silence, yet, I pick'd a welcome; 
And in the modesty of fearful duty 
I read as much, as from the rattling tongue 
Of saucy and audacious eloquence. 

TIME. 

The iron tongue of midnight hath told twelve. 

NIGHT. 

Now the hungry lion roars, 

And the wolf behowls the moon; 
Whilst the heavy ploughman snores, 

All with weary task fordone.* 
Now the wasted brands do glow, 

Whilst the scritch-owl, scritching loud, 
Puts the wretch that lies in wo, 

In remembrance of a shroud. 
Now it is the time of night, 

That the graves, all gaping wide, 
Every one lets forth his sprite, 

In the church-way paths to glide. 



MUCH ADO ABOUT NOTHING. 
ACT I. 

PEACE INSPIRES LOVE. 

BUT now I am return'd, and that war-thoughts 
Have left their places vacant, in their rooms 
Come thronging soft and delicate desires, 
All prompting me how fair young Hero is. 

D. Pedro. Thou wilt be like a lover presently, 
And tire the hearer with a book of words: 
If thou dost love fair Hero, cherish it; 
And I will break with her, and with her father, 
And thou shalt have her: Was't not to this end, 
That thou began'st to twist so fine a story? 

Claud. How sweetly do you minister to love, 

* Overcome. 



MUCH ADO ABOUT NOTHING. 59 

That know love's grief by his complexion ! 
But lest my liking might too sudden seem, 
I would have salv'd it with a longer treatise. 
D. Pedro. What need the bridge much broader 
than the flood? 
The fairest grant is the necessity: 
Look, what will serve, is fit: 'tis once,* thou lov'st; 
And I will fit thee with the remedy 
1 know we shall have revelling to-night; 
I will assume thy part in some disguise, 
And tell fair Hero I am Claudio; 
And in her bosom I'll unclasp my heart. 

ACT II. 

FRIENDSHIP IN LOVE. 

Friendship is constant in all other things, 
Save in the office and affairs of love: 
Therefore, all hearts in love use their own tongues; 
Let every eye negotiate for itself, 
And trust no agent: for beauty is a witch, 
Against whose charms faith melteth into blood, f 

MERIT ALWAYS MODEST. 

It is the witness still of excellency, 
To put a strange face on his own perfection. 

BENEDICT THE EACHELOR'S RECANTATION. 

This can be no trick: The conference was sadly 
borne. J — They have the truth of this from Hero. 
They seem to pity the lady; it seems, her affections 
have their full bent. Love me ! why it must be re- 
quited. I hear how I am censured: they say, I will 
bear myself proudly, if I perceive the love come 
from her*, they say too, that she will rather die than 
give any sign of affection. — I did never think to 
marry: — I must not seem proud: — Happy are they 
that hear their detractions, and can put them to 
mending. They say, the lady is fair; 'tis a truth, I 
can bear them witness: and virtuous; — 'tis so, I 

* Once for all. t Passion, 

t Seriously carried on. 



60 BEAUTIES OF SHAKSPEARE. 

cannot reprove it; and wise, but for loving me: — By 
my troth, it is no addition to her wit; — nor no great 
argument of her folly, for I will be horribly in love 
with her. I may chance have some odd quirks and 
remnants of wit broken on me, because I have railed 
so long against marriage:— But doth not the appetite 
alter? A man loves the meat in his youth, that he 
cannot endure in his age : Shall quips, and senten- 
ces, and these paper bullets of the brain, awe a man 
from the career of his humour? No: the world must 
be peopled. When I said, I would die a bachelor, 
I did not think I should live till I were married.— 
Here comes Beatrice : by this day, she's a fair lady 
I do spy some marks of love in her. 

ACT III. 

FAVOURITES COMPARED TO HONEYSUCKLES 

Bid her steal into the pleached bower, 
Where honeysuckles, ripen'd by the sun, 
Forbid the sun to enter; — like favourites, 
Made proud by princes, that advance their pride, 
Against that power that, bred it. 

A SCORNFUL AND SATIRICAL BEAUTY. 

Disdain and scorn ride sparkling in her eyes, 
Misprising* what they look on; and her wit 
Values itself so highly^, that to her 
All matter else seems weak: she cannot love, 
Nor take no shape nor project of affection, 
She is so self-endeared. 
I never yet saw man, 

How wise, how noble, young, how rarely featur'd, 
But she would spell him backward: if fair-faced, 
She'd swear the gentleman should be her sister: 
If black, why, nature, drawing of an antic, 
Made a foul blot: if tall, a lance ill-headed: 
If low, an agate very vilely cut: 
If speaking, why, a vane blown with all wind: 
If silent, why a block moved with none. 
So turns she every man the wrong side out; 

* Undervaluing 



MUCH ADO ABOUT NOTHING. 61 

And never gives to truth and virtue, that 
Which simpleness and merit purchaseth. 



ACT IV. 

DISSIMULATION. 

O, what authority and show of truth 
Can cunning sin cover itself withal! 
Comes not that blood as modest evidence, 
To witness simple virtue ? Would you not swear, 
All you that see her, that she were a maid, 
By these exterior shows? But she is none: 
She knows the heat of a luxurious* bed: 
Her blush is guiltiness, not modesty. 

A FATHER LAMENTING HIS DAUGHTER'S INFAMY. 

Griev'd I, I had but one? 
Chid I for that at frugal nature's frame ?f 
O, one too much by thee ! Why had I one? 
Why ever wast thou lovely in my eyes? 
Why had I not, with charitable hand, 
Took up a beggar's issue at my gates; 
Who smirchedf thus, and mired with infamy, 
I might have said, No part of it is mine, 
This shame derives itself from unknown loins! 
But mine, and mine I lov'd, and mine I prais'd, 
And mine that I was proud on; mine so much, 
That I myself was to myself not mine, 
Valuing of her; why, she — O, she is fallen 
Into a pit of ink! that the wide sea 
Hath drops too few to wash her clean again 

INNOCENCE DISCOVERED BY THE COUNTENANCE 

I have mark'd 
A thousand blushing apparitions start 
Into her face; a thousand innocent shames 
In angel whiteness bear away those blushes; 
And in her eye there hath appear'd a fire, 
To burn the errors that these princes hold 
Against her maiden truth. 

* Lascivious. t Disposition of things. % Sullied 
6 



C2 BEAUTIES OF SHAKSPEARE. 

RESOLUTION. 

I know not: If they speak but truth of her, 
These hands shall tear her; if they wrong her honour 
The proudest of them shall well hear of it. 
Time hath not yet so dried this blood of mine, 
Nor age so eat up my invention, 
Nor fortune made such havoc of my means, 
Nor my bad life reft me so much of friends, 
But they shall find, awak'd in such a kind, 
Both strength of limb, and policy of mind, 
Ability in means, and choice of friends, 
To quit me of them thoroughly. 

THE DESIRE OF BELOVED OBJECTS HEIGHTENED Bl 
THEIR LOSS. 

For it so falls out, 
That what we have we prize not to the worth, 
Whiles* we enjoy it; but being lack'd and lost, 
Why, then we rackf the value; then we find 
The virtue, that possession would not show us 
Whiles it was ours: — So will it fare with Claudio 
When he shall hear she died uponj his words, 
The idea of her life shall sweetly creep 
Into his study of imagination; 
And every lovely organ of her life 
Shall come apparell'd in more precious habit, 
More moving-delicate, and full of life, 
Into the eye and prospect of his soul, 
Than when she liv'd indeed. 

TALKING BRAGGARTS. 

But manhood is melted into courtesies,§ valour in- 
to compliment, and men are only turned into tongue, 
and trim ones too: he is now as valiant as Hercules, 
that only tells a lie, and swears it. 

ACT V. 

COUNSEL OF NO WEIGHT IN MISERY. 

I pray thee, cease thy counsel, 
Which falls into mine ears as profitless 

* While. f Over-rate. $ By. § Ceremony 



MUCH ADO ABOUT NOTHING. 08 

As water in a seive; give not me counsel; 

Nor let no comforter delight mine ear, 

But such a one whose wrongs do suit with mine. 

Bring me a father, that so lov'd his child, 

Whose joy of her is overwhelm'd like mine, 

And bid him speak of patience; 

Measure his wo the length and breadth of mine, 

And let it answer every strain for strain; 

As thus for thus, and such a grief for such, 

In every lineament, branch, shape and form: 

If such a one will smile, and stroke his beard; 

Cry — sorrow, wag! and hem, when he should groan* 

Patch grief with proverbs; make misfortune drunk 

With candle-wasters; bring him yet to me, 

And I of him will gather patience. 

But there is no such man: For, brother, men 

Can counsel, and speak comfort to that grief 

Which they themselves not feel; but, tasting it, 

Their counsel turns to passion, which before 

Would give preceptial medicine to rage, 

Fetter strong madness in a silken thread, 

Charm ach with air, and agony with words: 

No, no; 'tis all men's office to speak patience 

To those that wring under the load of sorrow 

But no man's virtue, nor sufficiency, 

To be so moral, when he shall endure 

The like himself: therefore give me no counsel, 

My griefs cry louder than advertisement. 

SATIRE ON THE STOIC PHILOSOPHERS. 

I pray thee, peace: I will be flesh and blood; 
For there was never yet philosopher, 
That could endure the tooth-ach patiently; 
However they have writ the style of gods 
And made a pish at chance and sufferance. 

TALKING BRAGGARTS. 

Hold you content: What man ! I know them, yea. 
And what they weigh, even to the utmost scruple- 
Scrambling, out-facing, fashion-mong'ring boys, 
That lie, and cog, and flout, deprave and slander, 
Go antickly, and show outward hideousness. 



64 BEAUTIES OF SHAKSPEARE 

And speak of half a dozen dangerous words. 
How they might hurt their enemies, if they durst, 
And this is all. 

VILLAIN TO BE NOTED. 

Which is the villain ? Let me see his eyes; 
That when I note another man like him, 
I may avoid him. 

DAYBREAK. 

The wolves have preyed : and look, the gentle day, 
Before the wheels of Phcebus, round about 
Dapples the drowsy east with spots of gray. 

TAMING OF THE SHREW. 



INDUCTION. 



THY hounds shall make the welkin answer them, 
And fetch shrill echoes from the hollow earth. 

PAINTING. 

Dost thou love pictures? we will fetch thee straight 
Adonis painted by a running brook: 
And Cytherea all in sedges hid; 
Which seem to move and wanton with her breath, 
Even as the waving sedges play with wind. 



ACT I. 

woman's tongue. 
Think you, a little din can daunt mine ears? 
Have I not in my time heard lions roar? 
Have I not heard the sea, puff'd up with winds, 
Rage like an angry boar, chafed with sweat? 
Have I not heard great ordnance in the field 
And heav'ns artillery thunder in the skies? 
Have I not in a pitched battle heard 
Loud 'larums, neighing steeds, and trumpet's clang: 



TAMING OF THE SHREW. 65 

And do you tell me of a woman's tongue, 
That gives not half so great a blow to the ear, 
As will a chesnut in a farmer's fire. 

ACT III. 

A MAD WEDDING. 

When the priest. 
Should ask — if Katharine should be his wife, 
•Ay 3 by gogs-wouns, quoth he; and swore so loud, 
That, all amaz'd, the priest let fall the book* 
And, as he stoop'd again to take it up, 
The mad-brain'd bridegroom took him such a cuff, 
That down fell priest and book, and book and priest; 
Now take them up, quoth he, if any list. 

Tra. What said the wench, when he arose again? 

Gre Trembled and shook; for why, he stamp'd, 
and swore, 
As if the vicar meant to cozen him. 
But after many ceremonies done, 
He calls for wine: A health, quoth he, as if 
He had been aboard carousing to his mates 
After a storm: — Quaff'd off the muscadel,* 
And threw the sops all in the sexton's face ! 
Having no other reason, — 
But that his beard grew thin and hungerly, 
And seem'd to ask him sops as he was drinking. 
This done, he took the bride about the neck; 
And kiss'd her lips with such a clamorous smack, 
That, at the parting, all the church did echo. 

ACT IV. 

THE MIND ALONE VALUABLE. 

For 'tis the mind that makes the body rich; 
4nd as the sun breaks through the darkest clouds, 
So honour peerethf in the meanest habit. 
What, is the jay more precious than the lark, 

* It was the custom for the company present to drink 
wine immediately after the marriage ceremony, 
t Appeareth. 

6* 



66 BEAUTIES OF SHAKSPEARE. 

Because his feathers are more beautiful? 
Or is the adder better than the eel, 
Because his painted skin contents the eye? 
O, no, good Kate; neither art thou the worse 
For this poor furniture and mean array. 

ACT V. 

THE WIFE'S DUTY TO HER HUSBAND. 

Fie, fie! unknit that threat'ning unkind brow; 
And dart not scornful glances from those eyes, 
To wound thy lord, thy king, thy governor; 
It blots thy beauty, as frosts bite the meads; 
Confounds thy fame, as whirlwinds shake fair buds, 
And in no sense is meet, or amiable. 
A woman moved, is like a fountain troubled, 
Muddy, ill-seeming, thick, bereft of beauty; 
And, while it is so, none so dry or thirsty 
Will deign to sip, or touch one drop of it. 
Thy husband is thy lord, thy life, thy keeper, 
Thy head, thy sovereign; one that cares for thee, 
And for thy maintenance: commits his body 
To painful labour, both by sea and land; 
To watch the night in storms, the day in cold, 
While thou best warm at home, secure and safe, 
And craves no other tribute at thy hands, 
But love, fair looks, and true obedience;— 
Too little payment for so great a debt. 
Such duty as the subject owes the prince, 
Even such, a woman oweth to her husband: 
And, when she's froward, peevish, sullen, sour, 
And not obedient to his honest will, 
What is she, but a foul contending rebel, 
And graceless traitor to her loving lord?— 
I am asham'd, that women are so simple 
To offer war, where they should kneel for peace; 
Or seek for rule, supremacy, and sway, 
When they are bound to serve, love, and obey. 
Why are our bodies soft, and weak, and smooth, 
Unapt to toil and trouble in the world; 



TEMPEST. 67 

But that our soft conditions* and our hearts, 
Should well agree with our external parts? 



TEMPEST. 
ACT I. 

AN USURPING SUBSTITUTE COMPARED TO JOT. 

THAT now he was 
The ivy, which had hid my princely trunk, 
And suck'd my verdure out on't. 

Ariel's description of managing the storm. 
I boarded the king's ship; now on the beak, 
Now in the waist, the deck, in every cabin, 
I flam'd amazement: Sometimes, I'd divide, 
And burn in many places; on the top-mast, 
The yards, and bowsprit, would I flame distinctly, 
Then meet, and join: Jove's lightnings, the precur- 
sors 
O'the dreadful thunder claps, more momentary 
And sight-out-running were not : The tire, and cracks 
Of sulphurous roaring, the most mighty Neptune 
Seem'd to besiege, and make his bold waves tremble, 

Yea, his dread trident shake. 

Not a soul, 

But felt a fever of the mad, and play : d 
Some tricks of desperation: All, but mariners, 
Plung'd in the foaming brine, and quit the vessel, 
Then all a-fire with me: the king's son, Ferdinand, 
With hair up-starting (then like reeds, not hair,) 
Was the first man that leap'd; cried, Hell is empty , 
And all the devils are here. 

PROSPERO REPROVING ARIEL. 

Thou dost; and think'st 
it much, to tread the ooze of the salt deep; 
To run upon the sharp wind of the north; 
To do me business in the veins o> the earth, 
When it is bak'd with frost. 

* Gentle tempers. 



68 BEAUTIES OF SHAKSPEARE. 

Caliban's curses. 
Cal As wicked dew as e'er my mother brush'd 
With raven's feather from unwholesome fen, 
Drop on you both ! a south-west blow on ye, 
And blister you all o'er! 
Pro. For this, be sure, to-night thou shalt have 

cramps, 
Side-stitches that shall pen thy breath up; urchins* 
Shall, for that vast of night that they may work, 
All exercise on thee: thou shalt be pinch'd 
As thick as honeycombs, each pinch more stinging 
Than bees that made them. 

Cal. I must eat my dinner. 
This island's mine, by Sycorax my mother, 
Which thou taks't from me. When thou cam'st first, 
Thou strok'dst me, and mad'st much of me; would'st 

give me 
Water with berries in't; and teach me how 
To name the bigger light, and how the less, 
That burn by day and night : and then I lov'd thee, 
And show'd thee all the qualities of the isle, 
The fresh springs, brine pits, barren place, and 

fertile; 
Cursed be I that did so ! — All the charms 
Of Sycorax, toads, beetles, bats, light on you! 
For I am all the subjects that you have, 
Which first wa» mine own king; and here you sty me 
In this hard rock, whiles you do keep from me 
The rest of the island. 
Caliban's exultation after prospero tells 
him he sought to violate the honour op 

HIS CHILD. 

O ho, O ho! — 'would it nao been done! 
Thou didst prevent me; I had peopled else 
This isle with Calibans. 

MUSIC. 

Where should this music be ? i' the air, or the earth* 
It sounds no more: — and sure, it waits upon 
* Faries. 



TEMPEST. 69 

Some god of the island. Sitting on a bank, 
Weeping again the king my father's wreck, 
This music crept by me upon the waters; 
Allaying both their fury, and my passion, 
With its sweet air. 

ARIEL'S SONG. 

Full fathom five thy father lies; 

Of his bones are coral made; 
Those are pearls, that were his eyes: 

Nothing of him that doth fade, 
But doth suffer a sea-change 
Into something rich and strange. 
Sea-nymphs hourly ring his knell: 
Hark! now I hear them, — ding-dong, bell. 

a lover's speech. 
My spirits, as in a dream, are all bound up. 
My father's loss, the weakness which I feel, 
The wreck of all my friends, or this man's threats, 
To whom I am subdued, are but light to me, 
Might I but through my prison once a day 
Behold this maid: all corners else o' the earth 
Let liberty make use of; space enough 
Have I in such a prison. 

ACT II. 

description of Ferdinand's swimming ashorr 

I saw him beat the surges under him, 
And ride upon their backs; he trod the water, 
Whose enmity he flung aside, and breasted 
The surge most swoln that met him; his bold head 
'Bove the contentious waves he kept, and oar'd 
Himself with his good arms in lusty stroke 
To the shore, that o'er his wave-worn basis bow'd, 
As stooping to relieve him : I not doubt 
He came alive to land. 

sleep. 
Do not omit the heavy offer of it; 
It seldom visits sorrow; when it doth, 
It is a comforter. 



t . 

70 BEAUTIES OF SHAKSPEARE. 

A FINE APOSIOPESIS. 

They fell together all, as by consent; 
They dropp'd, as by a thunder-stroke. What might, 
Worthy Sebastian?— O, what might ?-— No more :-— 
And yet, methinks, I see it in thy face, 
What thou should'stbe: the occasion speaks thee*. 

and 
My strong imagination sees a crown 
Dropping upon thy head. 

caltban's curses. 

All the infections that the sun sucks up 
From bogs, fens, flats, on Prospero fall, and make bim 
By inch-meal a disease ! His spirits hear me, 
And yet I needs must curse. But they'll nor pinch, 
Fright me with urchin shows, pitch me i' the mire, 
Nor kad me, like a fire-brand, in the dark 
Out of my way, unless he bid them; but 
For every trifle are they set upon me : 
Sometimes like apes, that moe* and chatter at me, 
And after, bite me; then like hedge-hogs, which 
Lie tumbling in my bare-foot way, and mount 
Their pricks at my foot-fail; sometime am I 
All wound with adders, who, with cloven tongues, 
Do hiss me into madness: Lo! now! lo! 
Here comes a spirit of his; and to torment me, 
For bringing wood in slowly; I'll fall flat: 
Perchance he will not mind me. 

SATIRE ON ENGLISH CURIOSITY. 

Were I in England now (as once I was,) and had 
but this fish painted, not a holiday-fool there but 
would give a piece of silver; there would this mon- 
ster make a man; any strange beast there makes a 
man: when they will not give a doit to relieve a lame 
beggar, they will lay out ten to see a dead Indian 

CALIBAN'S PROMISES. 

I'll show thee the best springs; I'll pluck thee ber 

ries; 
I'll fish for thee, and get thee wood enough 
A plague upon the tyrant that I serve! 

* Make mouths. 



TEMPEST. 11 

I'll bear him no more sticks, but follow thee, 
Thou wond'rous man. 

I pr'ythee, let me bring thee where crabs grow; 
And I with my long nails will dig thee pig-nuts; 
Show thee a jay's nest, and instruct thee how 
To snare the nimble marmozet; I'll bring thee 
To clust'ring filberds, and sometimes I'll get thee 
Young sea-mells* from the rock. 

ACT III. 

FERDINAND. 

There be some sports are painful; but their labour 
Delight in them sets off: some kinds of baseness 
Are nobly undergone; and most poor matters 
Point to rich ends. This my mean task would be 
As heavy to me, as 'tis odious; but 
The mistress which I serve, quickens what's dead, 
And makes my labours pleasures: O, she is 
Ten times more gentle than her father's crabbed; 
And he's composed of harshness. I must remove 
Some thousands of these logs, and pile them up, 
Upon a sore injunction: My sweet mistress 
Weeps when she sees me work: and says, such base- 
ness 
Had ne'er like executor. I forget: 
But these sweet thoughts do even refresh my labours 
Most busy-less, when I do it. 

Enter Miranda; and Prospero at a distance. 

Mira. Alas, now! pray you, 
Work not so hard: I would the lightning had 
Burnt up those logs, that you are enjoined to pile 
Pray, sit it down, and rest you: when this burns, 
'Twill weep for having wearied you: My father 
Is hard at study; pray now, rest yourself; 
He's safe for these three hours. 

Fer. O most dear mistress, 

The sun will set, before I shall discharge, 
What I must strive to do. 

Mira. If you'll sit down, 

I'll bear your logs the while : Pray give me that 
* Sea-gulls. 



7i BEAUTIES OF SHAKSPEARE. 

I'll carry it to the pile. 

Fer. Noj precious creature: 

I had rather crack my sinews, break my back, 
Than you should such dishonour undergo, 
While I sit lazy by. 

Mir a. It would become me 

As well as it does you : and I should do it 
With much more ease; for my good will is to it, 
And yours against. 

Pro. Poor worm' thou art infected; 

This visitation shows it. 

Mira. You look wearity. 

Fer. No, noble mistress; 'tis fresh morning with 
me, 
When you are by at night. I do beseech you, 
(Chiefly, that I might set it in your prayers,) 
What is your name? 

Mira. Miranda: — my father, 

I have broke your hest* to say so ! 

Fer. Admir'd Miranda 

Indeed the top of admiration; worth 
What's dearest to the world ! Full many a lady 
[ have ey'd with best regard; and many a time 
The harmony of their tongues hath into bondage 
Brought my too diligent ear; for several virtues 
Have I lik'd several women; never any 
With so full soul, but some defect in her 
Did quarrel with the noblest grace she ow'd,f 
And put it to the foil: But you, O you, 
So perfect and so peerless, are created 
Of every creature's best. 

Mira. I do not know 

One of my sex; no woman's face remember, 
Save, from my glass, mine own; nor have I seen 
More that I may call men, than you, good friend. 
And my dear father; how features are abroad, 
I am skill-less of; but, by my modesty, 
(The jewel in my dower,) 1 would not wish 
Any companion in the world but you; 
Nor can imagination form a shape, 

* Command. t Own'd. 



TEMPEST. 73 

Besides yourself, to like of: but I prattle 
Something too wildly, and my father's precepts 
Therein forget. 

Fer. I anij in my condition, 

A prince, Miranda; I do think, a king: 
(I would, not so!) and would no more endure 
This wooden slavery, than I would suffer 
The flesh-fly blow my mouth, — Hear my sou 

speak; — 
The very instant that I saw you, did 
My heart fly to your service; there resides, 
To make me slave to it; and, for your sake, 
Am I this patient log-man. 

Mir a. Do you love me? 

Fer. O heaven, O earth, bear witness to this sound, 
And crown what I profess with kind event, 
If I speak true; if hollowly, invert 
What best is boded me, to mischief! I, 
Beyond all limit of what else* i' the world 
Do love, prize, honour you. 

Mira. I am a fool, 

To weep at what I am glad of. 

Fro. Fair encounter 

Of too most rare affections! Heaven 6 rain grace 
On that which breeds between them! 

Fer Wherefore weep you? 

Mira. At mine unworthiness, that dare not offer 
What I desire to give; and much less take, 
What I shall die to want: But this is trifling; 
And all the more it seeks to hide itself, 
The bigger bulk it shows. Hence, bashful cunning, 
And prompt me, plain and holy innocence. 
I am your wife if you will marry me; 
If not, I'll die your maid : to be your fellow 
You may deny me : but I'll be your servant, 
Whether you will or no. 

Fer. My mistress, dearest 

And I thus humble ever. 

Mira. My husband then? 

Fer. Ay, with a heart as willing 

7 * Whatsoever. 



74 BEAUTIES OF SHAKSPEARE. 

As bondage e'er of freedom: here's my hand. 

Mira. And mine, with my heart in't; And now 
farewell, 
Till half an hour hence. 

Fer. A thousand! thousand! 

A GUILTY CONSCIENCE. 

O, it is monstrous! monstrous! 
Methought, the billows spoke and told me of it; 
The winds did sing it to me; and the thunder, 
That deep and dreadful organ-pipe, pronounc'd 
The name of Prosper. 

ACT IV. 

CONTINENCE BEFORE MARRIAGE. 

If thou dost break her virgin knot before 
All sanctimonious ceremonies may 
With full and holy rite be minister'd, 
No sweet aspersion* shall the heavens let fall 
To make this contract grow; but barren hate, 
Sour-ey'd disdain, and discord, shall bestrew 
The union of your bed with weeds so loathly 
That you shall hate it both. 

a lover's protestation. 
As I hope 
For quiet days, fair issue and long life, 
With such love as 'tis now; the murkiest den, 
The most opportune place, the strong'st suggestion 
Our worser genius can, shall never melt 
Mine honour into lust; to take away 
The edge of that day's celebration, 
When I shall think, or Phoebus' steeds are founder*d| 
Or night kept chain'd below. 

PASSION TOO STRONG FOR VOWS. 

Look, thou be true; do not give dalliance 
Too much the rein; the strongest oaths are straw 
To the fire i' the blood: be more abstemious 
Or else, good night, your vow! 

VANITY OF HUMAN NATURE. 

These our actors, 
As I foretold you, were all spirits, and 
* Sprinkling. 



TEMPEST. 75 

Are melted into air, into thin air 
And, like the baseless fabric of this vision, 
The cloud-capp'd towers, the gorgeous palaces, 
The solemn temples, the great globe itself, 
Yea, all which it inherits shall dissolve; 
And, like this insubstantial pageant faded,* 
Leave not a rackf behind: We are such stuff 
As dreams are made of, and our little life 
Is rounded with a sleep. 

DRUNKARDS ENCHANTED BY ARIEL.^ 

I told you, sir, they were red-hot with drinking; 
So full of valour, that they smote the air 
For breathing in their faces; beat the ground 
For kissing of their feet; yet always bending 
Towards their project; Then I beat my tabor, 
At which, like unback'd colts, they prick'd their 

ears, 
Advanc'd their eyelids, lifted up their noses, 
As they smelt music; so I charm'd their ears, 
That, calf-like, they my lowing follow'd, through 
Tooth'd briers, sharp furzes, pricking goss, and 

thorns, 
Which enter'd their frail shins: at last I left them 
V the filthy mantled pool beyond your cell, 
There dancing up to the chins. 

LIGHTNESS OF FOOT. 

Pray you, tread softly, that the blind mole may not 
Hear a foot fall. 

ACT V. 

TEARS. 

His tears run down his beard, like winter's drops 
From eavesj of reeds. 

COMPASSION AND CLEMENCY SUPERIOR TO REVENGE, 

Hast thou, which art but air, a touch, a feeling 
Of their afflictions? and shall not myself, 

* Vanished. 

t A body of clouds in motion ; but it is most probable 
that the author wrote track. 
$ Thatch. 



76 BEAUTIES OF SIIAX3PEARE. 

One of their kind, that relish all as sharply. 
Passion as they, be kindlier mov'd than thou art? 
Though with their high wrongs I am struck to the 

quick, 
Yet, with my nobler reason, 'gainst my fury 
Do I take part: the rarer action is 
In virtue than in vengeance: they being penitent. 
The sole urift of my purpose doth extend 
Not a frown further. 

FAIRIES AND MAGIC. 

Ye elves of hills, brooks, standing lakes, and 
groves; 
And ye, that on the sands with printless foot 
Do chase the ebbing Neptune, and do fly him, 
When he comes back; you demi-puppets, that 
By moonshine do the green-sour ringlets make, 
Whereof the ewe not bites; and you, whose pastime 
Is to make midnight mushrooms; that rejoice 
To hear the solemn curfew; by whose aid 
(Weak masters though you be) I have bedimm'd 
The noon-tide sun, call'd forth the mutinous winds, 
And 'twixt the green sea and the azur'd vault 
Set roaring war: to the dread rattling thunder 
Have I given fire, and rifted Jove's stout oak 
With his own bolt, the strong-bas'd promontory 
Have I made shake; and by the spurs pluck'd up 
The pine and cedar: graves, at my command, 
Have wak'd their sleepers; op'd, and let them forth 
By my so potent art. 

SENSES RETURNING. 

The charm dissolves apace, 
And as the morning steals upon the night, 
Melting the darkness, so their rising senses 
Begin to chase the ignorant fumes that mantle 
Their clearer reason. O my good Gonzalo, 
My true preserver, and a loyal sir, 
To him thou follow 'st; I will pay thy graces 
Home, both in word and deed. Most cruelly 
Didst thou, Alonso, use me and my daughter: 
Thy brother was a furtherer in the act: [blood. 

Thou'rt pinch'd for't now, Sebastian. Flesh and 



TWELFTH NIGHT. 77 

You brother mine, that entertained ambition. 
Expell'd remorse* and nature; who, with Sebastian, 
(Whose inward pinches therefore are most strong,) 
Would here have kill'd our king; I do forgive thee, 
Unnatural though thou art ! — Their understanding 
Begins to swell; and the approaching tide 
Will shortly fill the reasonable shores, 
That now lie foul and muddy. Not one of them, 
That yet looks on me, or would know me. 

Ariel's song. 

Where the bee sucks, there suck I : 

In a cowslip's bell I lie; 

There I couch when owls do cry. 

On the bat's back, I do fly, 

After summer, merrily: 
Merrily, merrily, shall I live now, 
Under the blossom that hangs on the bough. 



TWELFTH NIGHT. 
ACT I 

MUSIC. 

IF Music be the food of love, play on, 
Give me excess of it; that, surfeiting, 
The appetite may sicken, and so die. — 
That strain again; it had a dying fall: 
O, it came o'er my ear like the sweet south, 
That breathes upon a bank of violets, 
Stealing, and giving odour. 

NATURAL AFFECTION ALLIED TO LOVE. 

O, she, that hath a heart of that fine frame, 
To pay this debt of love but to a brother, 
How will she love, when the rich golden shaft, 
Hath kill'd the flock of all affections else 
That live in her! when liver, brain, and heart, 

* Pity, or tenderness of heart. 
7* 



78 BEAUTIES OF SHAKSPEARE. 

These sovereign thrones, are all supplied, and fill'd, 
(Hd' sweet perfections) with one self king! 

ESCAPE FROM DANGER. 

I saw your brother, 
Most provident in peril, bind himself 
(Courage and hope both teaching him the practice) 
To a strong mast, that lived upon the sea; 
Where, like Arion on the dolphin's back, 
I saw him hold acquaintance with the wave, 
So long as I could see. 

A BEAUTIFUL, BOY. 

Dear lad, believe it; 
For they shall yet belie thy happy years 
That say, thou art a man: Diana's lip 
Is not more smooth, and rubious; thy small pipe 
Is as the maiden's organ, shrill, and sound, 
And all is semblative a woman's part. 

DETERMINED LOVE. 

Oh. Why, what would you? 

Vio. Make me a willow cabin at your gate, 
And call upon my soul within the house; 
Write loyal cantons* of contemned love, 
And sing them loud even in the dead of night 
Holla your name to the reverberate! hills, 
And make the babbling gossip of the air 
Cry out, Olivia! O, you should not rest 
Between the elements of air and earth, 
But you should pity me. 



ACT II. 

DISGUISE. 

Disguise, 1 see, thou art a wickedness, 
Wherein the pregnant^ enemy does much. 
How easy is it, for the proper-false§ 
In women's waxen hearts to set their forms! 

* Cantos, verses. f Echoing. 

t Dexterous, ready fiend. § Fair deceiver. 



TWELFTH NIGHT. 79 

Alas, our frailty is the cause, not we; 
For such as we are made of, such w e be. 

TRUE LOVE. 

Come hither, boy; If ever thou shalt love, 
In the sweet pangs of it, remember me: 
For, such as I am, all true lovers are; 
Unstaid and skittish in all motions else, 
Save, in the constant image of the creature 
That is belov'd. 

THE WOMAN SHOULD BE YOUNGEST IN LOVE. 

Too old, by heaven; Let still the woman take 
An elder than herself; so wears she to him, 
So sways she level in her husband's heart. 
For, boy, however we do praise ourselves, 
Our fancies are more giddy and unfirm, 
More longing, wavering, sooner lost and won, 
Than women's are. 

CHARACTER OP AN OLD SONG. 

Mark it, Cesario; it is old and plain: 
The spinsters and the knitters in the sun, 
Arc the free maids, that weave their thread with 

bones,* 
Do use to chaunt it; it is silly sooth,f 
And dallies with the innocence of love, 
Like the old age.J 

SONG. 

Come away, come away, death, 
And in sad cypress let me be laid; 

• Fly away, fly away, breath; 

I am slain by a fair cruel maid. 

My shroud of white, stuck all with yew, 

O, prepare it; 
My part of death no one so true 
Did share it. 
Not a flower, not a flower sweet, 
On my black coffin let there be strown; 

* Lace-makers. t Simple truth, 
t Times of simplicity. 



80 BEAUTIES OF SHAKSPEARE. 

Not a friend, not a friend greet 
My poor corpse, where my bones shall be thrown. 
A thousand thousand sighs to save, 

Lay me, 0, where 
Sad true lover ne'er find my grave, 

To weep there. 

CONCEALED LOVE. 

She never told her love, 
But let concealment, like a worm i' the bud, 
Feed on her damask cheek; she pin'd in thought; 
And, with a green and yellow melancholy, 
She sat like patience on a monument, 
Smiling at grief. 



ACT III. 



This fellow's wise enough to play the fool; 
And, to do that well, craves a kind of wit: 
He must observe their mood on whom he jests, 
The quality of persons, and the time; 
And like the haggard,* check at every feather 
That comes before his eye. This is a practice, 
As full of labour as a wise man's art: 
For folly, that he wisely shows, is fit; 
But wise men, folly fallen, quite taint their wit, 

UNSOUGHT LOVE. 

Cesario, by the roses of the spring, 
By maidhood, honour, truth, and every thing, 
I love thee so, that, maugref all thy pride, 
Nor wit, nor reason, can my passion hide. 
Do not extort thy reasons from this clause, 
For, that I woo, thou therefore hast no cause: 
But, rather, reason thus with reason fetter: 
Love sought is good, but given unsought is better. 

* A hawk not well trained, 
t In spite of. 



TWO GENTLEMEN OF VERONA. 81 



TWO GENTLEMEN OF VERONA. 



ACT I. 

LOVE COMMENDED AND CENSURED. 

VET writers say, As in the sweetest bud, 
The eating canker dwells, so eating love 
Inhabits in the finest wits of all. 
And writers say, As the most forward bud 
Is eaten by the canker ere it blow, 
Even so by love the young and tender wit 
Is turn'd to folly; blasting in the bud, 
Losing his verdure even in the prime, 
And all the fair effects of future hopes. 

LOVE FROWARD AND DISSEMBLING. 

Maids, in modesty, say No, to that 
Which they would have the profferer construe, Jlye. 
Fie, fie, how wayward is this foolish love, 
That, like a testy babe, will scratch the nurse, 
And presently, all humbled, kiss the rod! 

ADVANTAGE OF TRAVELLING. 

He cannot be a perfect man, 

Not being try'd and tutor'd in the world: 

Experience is by industry achiev'd, 

And perfected by the swift course of time. 

LOVE COMPARED TO AN APRIL DAY. 

O, how this spring of love resembleth 
The uncertain glory of an April day; 

Which now shows all the beauty of the sun, 
And by and by a cloud takes all away ! 

ACT II. 

HUMOROUS DESCRIPTION OF A MAN IN LOVE. 

Marry, by these special marks: First, you have 
learned, like Sir Proteus, to wreathe your arms like 
a malecontent; to relish a love-song, like a robin 



82 BEAUTIES OF SHAKSPEARE. 

redbreast; to walk alone, like one that had the pes- 
tilence; to sigh, like a school-boy, that had lost his 
A, B, C; to weep, like a young wench that had bu- 
ried her grandam; to fast, like one that takes diet;* 
to watch, like one that fears robbing; to speak pu- 
ling, like a beggar at Hallowmas, f You were wont, 
when you laughed, to crow like a cock; when you 
walked, to walk like one of the lions; when you fast- 
ed, it was presently after dinner; when you looked 
sadly, it was for the want of money; and now you 
are metamorphosed with a mistress, that, when I 
look on you, I can hardly think you my master. 

AN ACCOMPLISHED YOUNG GENTLEMAN. 

His years but young, but his experience old; 
His head unmellow'd, but his judgment ripe; 
And, in a word (for far behind his worth 
Come all the praises that I now bestow,) 
He is complete in feature and in mind, 
With all good grace to grace a gentleman. 

CONTEMPT OF LOVE PUNISHED. 

I have done penance for contemning love; 
Whose high imperious thoughts have punished me 
With bitter fasts, with penitential groans, 
With nightly tears, and daily heart-sore sighs; 
For, in revenge of my contempt of love, 
Love hath chas'd sleep from my enthralled eyes, 
And made them watchers of mine own heart's sop* 

row. 
O, gentle Proteus, love's a mighty lord; 
And hath so humbled me, as 1 confess, 
There is no wo to his correction, 
Nor, to his service, no such joy on earth! 
Now, no discourse, except it be of love; 
Now can I break my fast, dine, sup, and sleep, 
Upon the very naked name of love. 

LOVE COMPARED TO A WAXEN IMAGE. 

For now my love is thaw'd; 
Which, like a waxen image 'gainst a fire, 
Bears no impression cf the thing it was. 

* Under 



TWO GENTLEMEN OF VERONA. 8S 

LOVE INCREASED BY ATTEMPTS TO SUPPRESS IT. 

Didst thou but know the inly touch of love, 
Thou would'st as soon go kindle fire with snow, 
As seek to quench the fire of love with words. 

Luc. I do not seek to quench your love's hot fire; 
But qualify the fire's extreme rage, 
LesJ it should burn above the bounds of reason. 

Jul. The more thou dam'st* it up, the more it 
burns; 
The current that with gentle murmur glides, 
Thou know'st, being stopp'd, impatiently doth rage, 
But, when his fair course is not hindered, 
He makes sweet music with the enamel'd stones, 
Giving a gentle kiss to every sedge 
He overtaketh in his pilgrimage; 
And so by many winding nooks he strays, 
With willing sport to the wild ocean. 
Then let me go, and hinder not my course: 
I'll be as patient as a gentle stream. 
And make a pastime of each weary step, 
Till the last step have brought me to my love; 
And, there I'll rest, as, after much turmoil,f 
A blessed soul doth in Elysium. 

A FAIFHFUL AND CONSTANT LOVER. 

His words are bonds, his oaths are oracles; 
His love sincere, his thoughts immaculate; 
His tears, pure messengers sent from his heart; 
His heart as far from fraud as heaven from earth 

ACT III. 

PRESENTS PREVAIL WITH WOMEN. 

Win her with gifts, if she respect not words; 
Dumb jewels often, in their silent kind, 
More than quick words do move a woman's mind* 

a lover's banishment. 
And why not death, rather than living torment? 
To die, is to be banish'd from myself: 

* Closest. t Trouble 



84 BEAUTIES OF SHAKSPEARE. 

And Silvia is myself: banished from her, 
Is self from self: a deadly banishment! 
What light is light, if Silvia be not seen? 
What joy is joy, if Silvia be not by? 
Unless it be to think that she is by, 
And feed upon the shadow of perfection. 
Except I be by Silvia in the night, 
There is no music in the nightingale; 
Unless 1 look on Silvia in the day, 
There is no day for me to look upon. 

BEAUTY PETITIONING IN VAIN. 

Ay, ay; and she hath ofFer'd to the doom, 
(Which, unreserv'd, stands in effectual force,) 
A sea of melting pearl, which some call tears: 
Those at her father's churlish feet she tender'd; 
With them, upon her knees, her humble self; 
Wringing her hands, whose whiteness so became 

them, 
As if but now they waxed pale for wo: 
But neither bended knees, pure hands held up, 
Sad sighs, deep groans, nor silver-shedding tears 
Could penetrate her uncompassionate sire. 

HOPE. 

Hope is a lover's staff; walk hence with that. 
And manage it against despairing thoughts. 

LOVE COMPARED TO A FIGURE ON ICE. 

This weak impress of love is as a figure 
Trenched* in ice; which with an hour's heat 
Dissolves to water, and doth lose his form. 

THREE THINGS IN MAN DISLIKED BY FEMALES. 

The best way is to slander Valentine 
With falsehood, cowardice, and poor descent; 
Three things that women highly hold in hate. 

THE POWER OF POETRY WITH FEMALES. 

Say, that upon the altar of her beauty 
You sacrifice your tears, your sighs, your heart 

*Cut. 



TWO GENTLEMEN OF VERONA. 85 

Write till your ink be dry . and with your tears 
Moist it again; and frame some feeling line; 
That may discover such integrity: — 
For Orpheus' lute was strung with poet's sinews, 
Whose golden touch could soften steel and stones, 
Make tigers tame, and huge leviathans 
Forsake unsounded deeps to dance on sands. 



ACT IV. 

THE POWER OF ACTION. 

At that time I made her weep a-good,* 
For I did play a lamentable part: 
Madam, 'twas Ariadne, passioning 
For Theseus' perjury, and unjust flight; 
Which I so lively acted with my tears, 
That my poor mistress, moved there withal, 
Wept bitterly; and, would I might be dead; 
If I in thought felt not her very sorrow! 

ACT V. 

A LOVER IN SOLITUDE. 

How use doth breed a habit in a man! 
This shadowy desert, unfrequented woods, 
I better brook than flourishing peopled towns. 
Here can I sit alone, unseen of any, 
And to the nightingale's complaining notes, 
Tune my distresses, and recordf my woes, 
O thou that dost inhabit in my breast, 
Leave not the mansion so long tenantless; 
Lest growing ruinous, the building fall, 
And leave no memory of what it was ! 
Repair me with thy presence, Silvia; 
Thou gentle nymph, cherish thy forlorn swain! 

LOVE UNRETURNED. 

What dangerous action, stood it next to death, 
Would I not undergo for one calm look? 

+ In good earnest \ Sing. 

8 



86 BEAUTIEF OF SHAKSPEARE. 

O, 'tis the curse in love, and still approv'd,* 
When women cannot love where they're belov'd. 

INFIDELITY IN A FRIEND. 

Who should be trusted now, when one's right 
hand 
Is perjur'd to the bosom? Proteus, 
I am sorry, I must never trust thee more, 
But count the world a stranger for thy sake. 
The private wound is deepest. 

REPENTANCE. 

Who by repentance is not satisfied, 
Is nor of heaven, nor earth. 

INCONSTANCY IN MAN. 

O heaven! were man 
But constant, he were perfect: that one error 
Fills him with faults. 



WINTER'S TALE. 
ACT I. 

YOUTHFUL INNOCENCE. 

WE were, fair queen, 
Two lads, that thought there was no more behind, 
But such a day to-morrow as to-day, 
And to be boy eternal. 

We were as twinn'd lambs, that did frisk i' the sun 
And bleat the one at the other: what we chang'd, 
Was innocence for innocence; we knew not 
The doctrine of ill-doing, no, nor dream'd 
That any did: Had we pursued that life, 
And our weak spirits ne'er been higher rear'.] 
With stronger blood, we should have answer'd hea- 
ven 
Boldly, Not guilty; the imposition cleared, 
Hereditary oursf 

* Felt, experienced. t Setting aside original sin. 



WINTER'S TALE. 87 

FONDNESS OF A FATHER FOR HIS CHILD. 

Leon. Are you so fond of your young prince as we 
Do seem to be of ours? 

Pol. If at home, sir, 

He's all my exercise 3 my mirth, my matter: 
Now my sworn friend, and then mine enemy: 
My parasite, my soldier, statesman, all: 
He makes a July's day short as December; 
And, with his varying childness cures in me 
Thoughts that would thick my blood. 

JEALOUSY. 

Is whispering nothing? 
Is leaning cheek to cheek? is meeting noses? 
Kissing with inside lip? stopping the career 
Of laughter with a sigh? (a note infallible 
Of breaking honesty:) horsing foot on foot? 
Skulking in corners? wishing clocks more swift? 
Hours, minutes? noon, midnight? and all eyes blind 
With the pin and web,* but theirs, theirs only, 
That would unseen be wicked? is this nothing? 
Why, then the world, and all that's in't, is nothing; 
The covering sky is nothing; Bohemia nothing; 
My wife is nothing; nor nothing have these nothings, 
If this be nothing 

REGICIDES DETESTABLE. 

To do this deed, 
Promotion follows: If I could find example 
Of thousands that had struck anointed kings, 
And flourish'd after, I'd not do't: but since 
Nor brass, nor stone, nor parchment, bears not one, 
Let villany itself forswear't. 



ACT II. 

KNOWLEDGE SOMETIMES HURTFUL. 

There may be in the cup 
A spiderf steep'd, and one may drink: depart, 

* Disorders of the eye. 

f Spiders were esteemed poisonous in our author's time. 



S3 BEAUTIES OF SHAKSPEARE. 

And yet partake no venom; for his knowledge 
Is not infected: but if one present 
The abhor'd ingredient to his eye, make known 
How he hath drank, he cracks his gorge, his sides, 
With violent hefts.* 

ELOQUENCE OF SILENT INNOCENCE. 

The silence often of pure innocence 
Persuades, when speaking fails. 

EXPOSING AN INFANT. 

Come on, poor babe; 
Some powerful spirit instruct the kites and ravens, 
To be thy nurses! Wolves, and bears, they say, 
Casting their savageness aside, have done 
Like offices of pity. 



ACT III. 

INNOCENCE. 

Innocence shall make 
False accusation blush, and tyranny 
Tremble at patience. 

DESPAIR OF PARDON. 

But, O thou tyrant! 
Do not repent these things; for they are heavier 
Than all thy woes can stir; therefore betake thee 
To nothing but despair. A thousand knees 
Ten thousand years together % nakcd, fasting, 
Upon a barren mountain, and still winter 
In storm perpetual, could not move the gods 
To look that way thou wert. 

DESCRIPTION OF A GHOST APPEARING IN A DREAM 

1 have heard (but not belie v'd) the spirits of the 

dead 
May walk again: if such thing be, thy mother 
Appear'd to me last night; for ne'er was dream 
So like a waking To me comes a creatuie, 

* Heavings. 



WINTER'S TALE. 89 

Sometimes her head on one side, some another* 

I never saw a vessel of like sorrow, 

So fill'd and so becoming: in pure white robes, 

Like very sanctity, she did approach 

My cabin where I lay: thrice bow'd before me* 

And, gasping to begin some speech, her eyes 

Became two spouts: the fury spent, anon 

Did this break from her: Good Antigonus, 

Since fate, against thy better disposition, 

Hath made thy person for the thrower-out 

Of my poor babe, according to thine oath, — 

Places remote enough are in Bohemia, 

There weep, and leave it crying; and, for the babe 

Is counted lost for ever, Perdita, 

I pr'ythee, caWl; for this ungentle business, 

Put on thee by my lord, thou ne'er shall see 

Thy wife Paulina more: — and so, with shrieks, 

She melted into air. Affrighted much, 

I did in time collect myself; and thought 

This was so, and no slumber. Dreams are toys. 

Yet for this once, yea, superstitiously, 

I will be squar'd by this. 

THE INFANT EXPOSED. 

Poor wretch, 
That, for thy mother's fault, art thus expos'd 
To loss, and what may follow ! — Weep I cannot, 
But my heart bleeds: and most accurs'd am 1, 
To be by oath enjoin'd to this. — Farewell! 
The day frowns more and more; thou art like «.o 

have 
A lullaby too rough. 

a clown's description of a wreck. 

I would, you did but see how it chafes, how it ra- 
ges, how it takes up the shore ! but that's not to the 
point: O, the most pitious cry of the poor souls! 
sometimes to see 'em, and not to see 'em: now the 
ship boring the moon with her main-mast; and anon 
swallowed with yest and froth, as you'd thrust a cork 
into a hogshead. And then for the land service, — 
To see how the bear tore out his shoulder-bone; how 
he cried to me for help, and said his name was An- 
8* 



«0 BEAUTIES OF SHAKSPEARE. 

tigonus, a nobleman; — But to make an end of the 
ship:— to see how the sea flap-dragoned* it:— but 
first, how the poor souls roared, and the sea mocked 
them; and how the poor gentleman roared, and the 
bear mocked him, both roaring louder than the sea, 
or weather. 

ACT IV. 

A GARLAND FOR OLD MEN. 

Reverend sirs, 
For you there's rosemary, and rue; these keep 
Seeming, and savour,t all the winter long; 
Grace, and remembrance, be to you both, 
And welcome to our shearing! 

NATURE AND ART. 

Per. Sir, the year growing ancient, — 
Not yet on summer's death, nor on the birth 
Of trembling winter, — the fairest flowers o'the season 
Are our carnations, and streak'd gillyflowers, 
Which some call nature's bastards: of that kind 
Our rustic garden's barren; and I care not 
To get slips of them. 

Pol. Wherefore, gentle maiden, 

Do you neglect them? 

Per. For! I have heard it said, 

There is an art, which, in their piedness, shares 
With creating nature. 

Pol. Say, there be; 

Yet nature is made better by no mean, 
But nature makes that mean: so, o'er that art, 
Which, you say, adds to nature, is an art 
That nature makes. You see, sweet maid, we marr; 
A gentler scion to the w-ildest stock; 
And make conceive a bark of baser kind 
By bad of nobler race; This is an art 
Which does mend nature, — change it rather: but 
The art itself is nature. 

A GARLAND FOR MIDDLE-AGED MEN. 

I'll not put 

* Swallowed t Likeness and smell. \ Because that. 



WINTER'S TALE. 91 

The dibble* in earth to set one slip of them; 
No more than, were I painted, I would wish 
This youth should say, 'twere well; and only there- 
fore 
Desire to breed by me. — Here's flowers for you; 
Hot lavender, mints, savory, majoram; 
The marigold, that goes to bed with the sun, 
And with him rises weeping; these are flowers 
Of middle summer, and, I think, they are given 
To men of middle age. 

A GARLAND FOR YOUNG MEN. 

Cam. I should leave grazing, were I of your flock, 
And only live by gazing. 

Per. Out, alas! 

You'd be so lean, that blasts of January 
Would blow you through and through. — Now my 

fairest friend, 
I would, I had some flowers o' the spring, that might 
Become your time of day; and yours, and yours; 
That wear upon your virgin branches yet 
Your maidenheads growing: — O Proserpina, 
For the flowers now, that, frighted, thou let'st fall 
From Dis'sf wagon ! daffodils, 
That come before the swallow dares, and take 
The winds of March with beauty; violets dim, 
But sweeter than the lids of Juno's eyes, 
Or Cytherea's breath; pale primroses, 
That die unmarried, ere they can behold 
Bright Phoebus in his strength, a malady 
Most incident to maids; bold oxlips, and 
The crown-imperial; lilies of all kinds, 
The flower-de-luce being one ! O, these I lack, 
To make you garlands of; and, my sweet friend 
To strew him o'er and o'er. 

a lover's commendation. 

What you do, 
Still betters what is done. When you speak, sweet, 
I'd have you do it ever: when you sing, 
I'd have you buy and sell so; so give alms; 

* A tool to set plants. t Pluto. 



92 BEAUTIES OF SHAKSPEARE. 

Pray so; and, for the ordering your affairs, 

To sing them too: When you do dance, I wish you 

A wave o 5 the sea, that you might ever do 

Nothing but that; move still, still so, and own 

No other function: Each your doing, 

So singular in each particular, 

Crowns what you are doing in the present deeds, 

That all your acts are queens. 

TRUE LOVE. 

He says, he loves my daughter: 
\ think so too; for never gaz'd the moon 
Upon the water, as he'll stand, and read, 
As twere, my daughter's eyes: and, to be plain, 
I think, there is not half a kiss to choose, 
Who loves another best. 

PRESENTS LIGHTLY REGARDED BY REAL LOVERS. 

Pol. How now, fair shepherd? 
Your heart is full of something, that, does take 
Your mind from feasting. Sooth, when I was young, 
And handed love, as you do, I was wont 
To load my she with knacks: I would have ransack'd 
The pedler's silken treasury, and have pour'd it 
To her acceptance; you have let him go, 
And nothing marted* with him; if your lass 
Interpretation should abuse; and call this 
Your lack of love, or bounty : you were straitedf 
For a reply, at least if you make a care 
Of happy holding her. 

Flo. Old sir, I know 

She prizes not such trifles as these are: 
The gifts, she looks from me, are pack'd and lock'd 
Up in my heart; which I have given already, 
But not deliver'd.— O, hear me breath my life 
Before this ancient sir, who, it should seem, 
Hath sometime lov'd: I take thy hand; this hand, 
As soft as dove's down, and as white as it; 
Or Ethiopian's tooth, or the fann'd snow, 
That's bolted:}: by the northern blasts twice- o'er. 

* Bought, trafficked. f Put to difficulties. 

t The sieve used to separate flour from bran is called a 
bolting-cloth. 



WINTER'S TALE. 93 

A FATHER THE BEST GUEST AT HIS SON'S NUPTIALS. 

Pol. Methinks, a father 
Is, at the nuptial of his son, a guest 
That best becomes the table. Pray you, once more: 
Is not your father grown incapable 
Of reasonable affairs? is he not stupid 
With age, and altering rheums? Can he speak? 

hear? 
KnoAV man from man? dispute his own estate ? # 
Lies he not bed-rid? and again does nothing, 
But what he did being childish? 

Flo. No, good sir: 

He has his health, and ampler strength, indeed, 
Than most have of his age. 

Pol. By my white beard, 

Yon offer him, if this be so, a wrong 
Something unfilial: Reason, my son 
Should choose himself a wife: but as good reason, 
The father (all whose joy is nothing else 
But fair posterity,) should hold some counsel 
In such a business. 

RURAL SIMPLICITY. 

I was not much afeard. for once, or twice, 
I was about to speak; and tell him plainly, 
The self-same sun, that shines upon his court, 
Hides not his visage from our cottage, but 
Looks on alike. 

LOVE CEMENTED BY PROSPERITY, BUT LOOSENED BT 
ADVERSITY. 

Prosperity's the very bond of love; 
Whose fresh complexion and whose heart together 
Affliction alters. 

ACT V. 

WONDER, PROCEEDING FROM SUDDEN JOY. 

There was speech in their dumbness, language in 
their very gesture; they looked, as they had heard 
of a world ransomed, or one destroyed: A notable 
passion of wonder appeared in them; but the wisest 

* Talk over his affairs. 



94 BEAUTIES OF SHAKSPEARE. 

beholder, that knew no more but. seeing, could not 
say, if the importance* were jo}\ or sorrow: but in 
the extremity of the one, it must needs be. 

A STATUTE. 

What was he, that did make it? — See, my lord, 
Would you not deem, it breath'd? and that thosi 

veins 
Did verily bear blood ? 

Pol. Masterly done: 

The very life seems warm upon her lip. 

Leon. The fixure of her eye has motion in'tj" 
AsJ we are mock'd with art. 
Still, methinks 

There is an air comes from her; What fine chisel 
Could ever yet cut breath? Let no man mock we, 
For I will kiss her. 

A WIDOW COMPARED TO A TURTLE. 

I, an old turtle, 
\Vill wing me to some wither'd bow; and thxre 
My mate, that's never to be found again, 
Lament till I am lost. 

* The thing; imported. 

t i. e. Though her eye be fixed, it seems to have moil » 
in it. i As if. 



BEAUTIES 

OF 

SHAKSPEARE, 

PART II. 



KING JOHN. 



ACT I. 



NEW TITLES. 

GOOD den,* sir Richard, — God-a-mercy, fellow} 
And if his name be George, I'll call him Peter 
For new made honour doth forget men's names : 
'Tis too respective, f and too sociable, 
For your conversion. £ Now your traveller, — 
He and his tooth-pick at my worship's mess; 
And when my nightly stomach is suffic'd, 
Why then I suck my teeth, and catechise 

My picked man of countries :§ My dear sir t 

(Thus, leaning on mine elbow, I begin,) 
I shall beseech you — That is question now: 
And then comes answer like an ABC-book:|J — 
O sir, says answer, at your best command; 

At your employment; at your service, sir: 

No, sir, says question, I, sweet sir, at yours; 

And so, ere answer knows what question would, 

(Saving in dialogue of compliment; 

And talking of the Alps, and Appenines; 

The Pyrenean, and the river Po,) 

It draws towards supper in conclusion so. 

But this is worshipful society, 

* Good evening. t Respectable. 

t Change of condition. § My travelled fop. 

il Catechism 



96 BEAUTIES OF SHAKSPEARE. 

And fits the mounting spirits, like myself: 
For he is a bastard to the time, 
That doth not smack of observation. 



ACT II. 

DESCRIPTION OF ENGLAND. 

That pale, that white-fac'd shore, 
Whose foot spurns back the ocean's roaring tides. 
And coops from other lands her islanders, 
Even till that England, hedg'd in with the main, 
That water-walled bulwark, still secure 
And confident from foreign purposes, 
Even till that utmost corner of the west 
Salute thee for her king. 

DESCRIPTION OF AN ENGLISH ARMY. 

His marches are expedient* to this town, 
His forces strong, his soldiers confident. 
With him along is come the mother-queen, 
An Ate,f stirring him to blood and strife; 
With her her niece, the lady Blanch of Spain; 
With them a bastard of the king deceas'd: 
And all the unsettled humors of the land, — 
Rash, inconsiderate, fiery voluntaries, 
With ladies' faces, and fierce dragons 1 spleens, — 
Have sold their fortunes at their native homes, 
Bearing their birthrights proudly on their backs, 
To make a hazard of new fortunes here. 
In brief, a braver choice of dauntless spirits, 
Than now the English bottoms have waft o'er. 
Did never float upon the swelling tide, 
To do offence and scath+ in Christendom. 
The interruption of their churlish drums 
Cuts off more circumstance: they are at hand. 

COURAGE. 

By how much unexpected, by so much 
We must awake endeavour for defence: 
For courage mounteth with occasion 

* Immediate, expeditious. 
t The Goddess of Revenge. t Mischief. 



KING JOHN. 97 

A BOASTER. 

What cracker is this same, that deafs our ears 
With this abundance of superfluous breath 3 

DESCRIPTION OF VICTORY BY THE FRENCH. 

You men of Angiers, open wide your gates, 
And let young Arthur, duke of Bretagne, in; 
Who, by the hand of France, this day hath made 
Much work for tears in many an English mother, 
Whose sons lie scatter'd on the bleeding ground: 
Many a widow's husband grovelling lies, 
Coldly embracing the discolour'd earth; 
And victory, with little loss, doth play 
Upon the dancing banners of the French; 
Which are at hand, triumphantly display'd 
To enter conqueror?. 

VICTORY DESCRIBED BY THE ENGLISH. 

Rejoice, you men of Angiers, ring your bells; 

King John, your king and England's, doth approach, 

Commander of this hot malicious day ! 

Their armours, that march'd hence so silver bright, 

Hither return all gilt with Frenchman's blood; 

There stuck no plume in any English crest, 

That is removed by a staff of France; 

Our colours do return in those same hands 

That did display them when we first march'd forth: 

And, like a jolly troop of huntsmen, come 

Our lusty English, all with purpled hands, 

Died in the dying slaughter of their foes. 

A COMPLETE LADY. 

If lusty love should go in quest of beauty, 
Where should he find it fairer than in Blanch? 
If zealous* love should go in search of virtue, 
Where should he find it purer than in Blanch? 
If love ambitious sought a match of birth, 
Whose veins bound richer blood than lady Blanch? 

POWERFUL EFFECTS OF SELF-INTEREST. 

Roundedf in the ear 
With that same purpose-changer, that sly devil, 

* Pious. t Conspired. 

9 



98 BEAUTIES OF SHAKSPEAKE. 

That broker, that still breaks the pate of faith; 
That daily break- vow; he that wins of all, 
Of king?, of beggars, old men, young men, maids;— 
Who having no external thing to lose 
But the word maid,— cheats the poor maid of that; 
That smooth-faced gentleman, tickling commodi- 
ty,*— 

Commodity, the bias of the world: 
The world, who of itself is peisedf well, 
Made to run even, upon even ground; 
Till this advantage, this vile drawing bias, 
This sway of motion, this commodity, 
Makes it take head from all indifferency, 
From all direction, purpose, course, intent: 
And this same bias, &c. 



ACT III. 

a woman's fears. 
Thou shalt be punish'd for thus frightening me, 
For I am sick, and capable:}: of fears; 
Oppress'd with wrongs, and therefore full of fears, 
A widow, husbandless, subject to fears; 
A woman naturally born to fears; 
And though thou now confess, thou didst but jest, 
With my vex'd spirits I cannot take a truce, 
But they will quake and tremble all this day. 

TOKENS OF GRIEF. 

What dost thou mean by shaking of thy head? 
Why dost thou look so sadly on my son? 
What means that hand upon that breast of thine t 
Why holds thine eye that lamentable rheum, 
Like a proud river peering§ o'er his bounds? 
Be these sad signs confirmers of thy words? 
Then speak again; not all thy former tale, 
But this one word, whether thy tale be true. 

* Interest. f Poised, balanced 

t Susceptible. § Appearing. 



KING JOHN. 99 

k mother's fondness for a beautiful child. 

If thou, that bid'st me be content, wert grim, 
Ugly, and sland'rous to thy mother's womb. 
Full of unpleasing blots, and sightless* stains, 
Lame, foolish, crooked, swart, prodigious,f 
Patch'd with foul moles, and eye-offending marks, 
I would not care, I then wonld be content; 
For then I should not love thee; no, nor thou 
Become thy great birth, nor deserve a crown. 
But thou art fair; and at thy birth, dear boy! 
Nature and fortune join'd to make thee great 
Of nature's gifts thou may'st with lilies boast, 
And with the half-blown rose. 

grief. 
I will instruct my sorrows to be proud; 
For grief is proud, and makes his owner stout. 

COWARDICE AND PERJURY. 

Lymoges! O Austria! thou dost shame 

That bloody spoil: Thou slave, thou wretch, thou 

coward : 
Thou little valiant, great in villany! 
Thou ever strong upon th.e stronger side! 
Thou fortune's champion, that dost never fight 
But when her humorous ladyship is by 
To teach thee safety! thou art perjur'd too, 
And sooth'st up greatness. What a fool art thou, 
A ramping fool; to brag, and stamp, and swear, 
Upon my party! Thou cold-blooded slave, 
Hast thou not spoke like thunder on my side? 
Been sworn my soldier? bidding me depend 
Upon thy stars, thy fortune, and thy strength? 
And dost thou now fall over to my foes? 
Thou wear a lion's hide ! doff+ it for shame, 
And hang a calf's skin on those recreant limbs. 

THE HORRORS OF A CONSPIRACY. 

1 had a thing to say, — But let it go: 

The sun is in the heaven, and the proud day, 

* Unsightly. t Portentous. t Do off 



100 BEAUTIES OF SHAKSPEARE. 

Attended with the pleasures of the world, 

Is all too wanton, and too full of gawds,* 

To give me audience: — If the midnight bell 

Did, with his iron tongue and brazen mouth, 

Sound one unto the drowsy race of night; 

If this same were a churchyard where we stand, 

And thou possessed with a thousand wrongs; 

Or if that surly spirit, melancholy, 

Had bak'd thy blood, and made it heavy, thick; 

(Which, else runs tickling up and down the vein* 

Making that idiot, laughter, keep men's eyes, 

And strain their cheeks to idle merriment, 

A passion hateful to my purposes;) 

Or if that thou could'st see me without eyes, 

Hear me without thine ears, and make reply 

Without a tongue, using conceitf alone, 

Without eyes, ears, and harmful sound of words: 

Then, in despite of brooded watchful day, 

I would into thy bosom pour my thoughts: 

But, ah, I will not. 

APOSTROPHE TO DEATH. 

amiable, lovely death ! 

Thou odoriferous stench! sound rottenness! 

Arise forth from the couch of lasting night 

Thou hate and terror to prosperity, 

And I will kiss thy detestable bones; 

And put my eye-balls in thy vaulty brows; 

And ring these fingers with thy household worm* 

And stop this gap of breath with fulsome dust, 

And be a carrion monster like thyself: 

Come, grin on me; and I will think thou smil'st, 

And buss thee as thy wife ! Misery's love, 

O, come to me! 

A mother's ravings. 

1 am not mad: this hair I tear, is mine; 
My name is Constance; I was Geffrey's wife; 
Young Arthur is my son, and he is lost: 

I am not mad; — I would to heaven I were! 
For then, 'tis like I should forget myself: 

* Showy ornaments. f Conception. 



KING JOHN. 101 

O, if I could, what grief should I forget! — 
Preach some philosophy to make me mad, 
And thou shalt be canoniz'd, cardinal; 
For, being not mad, but sensible of grief, 
My reasonable part produces reason 
How I may be deliver'd of these woes, 
And teaches me to kill or hang myself: 
If I were mad, I should forget my son; 
Or madly think, a babe of clouts were he: 
I am not mad; too well, too well I feel 
The different plague of each calamity. 

a mother's grief for the loss of a son. 

Father cardinal, I have heard you say, 
That we shall see and know our friends in heaven: 
If that be true, I shall see my boy again; 
For, since the birth of Cain, the first male child, 
To him that did but yesterday suspire,* 
There was not such a graciousf creature born, 
But now will canker sorrow eat my bud, 
And chase the native beauty from his cheek, 
And he will look as hollow as a ghost; 
As dim and meagre as an ague's fit; 
And so he'll die; and, rising so again, 
When I shall meet him in the court of heaven 
1 shall not know him: therefore never, never 
Must I behold my pretty Arthur more. 

Pand. You hold too heinous a respect of grief. 

Const. He talks to me, that never had a son. 

K. Phi. You are as fond of grief, as of your child. 

Const. Grief fills the room up of my absent child 
Lies in his bed, walks up and down with me; 
Puts on his pretty looks, repeats his words, 
Remembers me of all his gracious parts, 
Stuffs out his vacant garments with his form: 
Then, have I reason to be fond of grief. 

DESPONDENCY. 

There's nothing in this world can make me joy: 
Life is as tedious as a twice-told tale, 
hexing the dull ear of a drowsy man. 

* Breathe. t Graceful 

9* 



102 BEAUTIES OF SHAKSPEARE. 

STRENGTH OF DEPARTING DISEASES. 

Before the curing of a strong disease, 
Even in the instant of repair and health, 
The fit is strongest; evils, that take leave, 
On their departure most of all show evil. 

DANGER TAKES HOLD OF ANY SUPPORT. 

He, that stands upon a slippery place, 
Makes nice of no vile hold to stay him up. 

ACT IV. 

Arthur's pathetic speeches to Hubert. 
Methinks, no body should be sad but I : 
Yet, I remember, when I was in France, 
Young gentlemen would be as sad as night, 
Only for wantonness. By my Christendom, 
So I were out of prison, and kept sheep, 
I should be as merry as the day is long. 
****** 

Have you the heart? When your head did but 
ache, 
I knit my handkerchief about your brows, 
(The best I had, a princess wrought it me,) 
And I did never ask it you again : 
And with nay hand at midnight held your head, 
And, like the watchful minutes to the hour 
Still and anon cheer'd up the heavy time; 
Saying, What lack you? and, where lies your grief? 
Or, What good love may I perform for you? 
Many a poor man's son would have lain still, 
And ne'er have spoke a loving word to you; 
But you at your sick service had a prince. 
Nay, you may think my love, was crafty love, 
And call it cunning: Do, an if you will: 
If heaven be pleas'd that you must use me ill, 
Why, then you must. — Will you put out mine eyes? 
These eyes, that never did, nor never shall, 
So much as frown on you? 

***** 

Alas, what need you be so boist'rous rough? 
I will not struggle, I will stand stone-still. 



KING JOHN. • 103 

For heaven's sake, Hubert, let me not be bound! 

Nay, hear me, Hubert! drive these men away, 

And I will sit as quiet as a lamb; 

I will not stir, nor wince, nor speak a word, 

Nor look upon the iron angerly; 

Thrust but these men away, I'll forgive you, 

Whatever torment you do put me to. 

Is there no remedy? 

Hub. None, but to lose your eyes 

Arth. O heaven '.—that there were but a moat tft 
yours, 

A grain, a dust, a gnat, a wand'ring hair, 

Any annoyance in that precious sense! 

Then, feeling what small things are boist'rous there, 

Your vile intent must needs seem horrible. 

PERFECTION ADMITS OF NO ADDITON. 

To gild refined gold, to paint the lily, 
To throw a perfume on the violet, 
To smooth the ice, or add another hue 
Unto the rainbow, or with taper light 
To seek the beauteous eye of heaven to garnish,* 
Is wasteful, and ridiculous excess. 

***** 

In this, the antique and well noted-face, 
Of plain old form is much disfigured: 
And, like a shifted wind unto a sail, 
It makes the course of thoughts to fetch about 
Startles and frights consideration; 
Makes sound opinion sick, and truth suspected, 
For putting on so new a fashioned robe. 

THE COUNTENANCE OF A MURDERER. 

This is the man should do the bloody deed; 
The image of a wicked henious fault 
Lives in his eye; that close aspect of his 
Does show the mood of a much-troubled breast, 

A STRUGGLING CONSCIENCE. 

The colour of the king doth come and go, 
Between his purpose and his conscience, 

*Decorate. 



104 BEAUTIES OF SHAKSPEARE. 

Like heralds 'twixt two dreadful battles set. 
His passion is so ripe, it needs must break: 

NEWS BEARERS. 

Old men, and beldams, in the streets 

Do prophesy upon it dangerously: 

¥oung Arthur's death is common in their mouths: 

And when they talk of him they shake their heads, 

And whisper one another in the ear; 

And he, that speaks, doth gripe the hearer's wrist; 

Whilst he, that hears, makes fearful action. 

With wrinkled brows, with nods, with rolling eyes 

I saw a smith stand with his hammer, thus, 

The whilst his iron did on the anvil cool, 

With open mouth swallowing a tailor's news. 

Who, with his shears and measure in his hand 

Standing on slippers, (which his nimble haste 

Had falsely thrust upon contrary feet,) 

Told of a many thousand warlike French, 

That were embattled and rank'd in Kent: 

Another lean unwash'd artificer 

Cuts off his tale, and talks of Arthur's death. 

THE EVIL PURPOSES OF KINGS TOO SERVILELY 
EXECUTED. 

It is the curse of kings, to be attended 
By slaves, that take their humours for a warrant 
To break within the bloody house of life: 
And, on the winking of authority, 
To understand a law; to know the meaning 
Of dangerous majesty, when, perchance, it frowns 
More upon humour than advis'd respect.* 

a villain's look, and ready zeal. 
How oft the sight of means to do ill deeds, 
Makes deeds ill done! Hadst not thou been by, 
A fellow by the hand of nature mark'd, 
Q,uoted,f and sign'd, to do a deed of shame, 
This murder had not come into my mind. 
Hadst thou but shook thy head, or made a pause, 
When I spake darkly what I purposed; 
Or turn'd an eye of doubt upon my face, 

* Deliberate consideration. t Observed 



KING JOHN. 106 

As bid me tell my tale in express words; 

Deep shame had struck me dumb, made me break off, 

And those thy fears might have wrought fears in me. 

HYPOCRISY. 

Trust not those cunning waters of his eyes, 
For villany is not without such rheum;* 
And he, long traded in it, makes it seem 
Like rivers of remorsef and innocency. 

DESPAIR. 

If thou didst but consent 
To this most cruel act, do but despair, 
And, if thou want'st a cord, the smallest thread 
That ever spider twisted from her womb 
Will serve to strangle thee; a rush will be 
A beam to hang thee on; or would'st thou drown 

thyself, 
Put but a little water in a spoon, 
And it shall be as all the ocean, 
Enough to stifle such a villain up. 

ACT V. 

A MAN IN TEARS. 

Let me wipe off this honourable dew, 
That silverly doth progress on thy cheeks; 
My heart hath melted at a lady's tears, 
Being an ordinary inundation: 
But this effusion of such manly drops, 
This shower, blown up by tempest of the soul, 
Startles mine eyes, and makes me more amaz'd 
Than had I seen the vaulty top of heaven 
Figur'd quite o'er with burning meteors. 
Lift up thy brow, renowned Salisbury, 
And with a great heart heave away this stormr 
Commend these waters to those baby eyes, 
That never saw the giant world enrag'd; 
Nor met with fortune other than at feasts, 
Full warm of blood, of mirth, of gossicping. 

* Moisture. t Pity. 



106 BEAUTIES OF SHAKSPEARE. 

DRUMS. 

Strike up the drums: and let the tongue of war 
Plead for our interest. 

***** 

Do but start 
An echo with the clamour of thy drum, 
And even at hand a drum is ready brac'd, 
That shall reverberate all as loud as thine; 
Sound but another, and another shall. 
As loud as thine, rattle the welkin's* ear, 
And mock the deep-mouth'd thunder. 

APPROACH OF DEATH. 

It is too late; the life of all his blood 
Is touch'd corruptibly; and his pure brain [house,) 
(Which some suppose the soul's frail dwelling- 
Doth, by the idle comments that it makes, 
Foretell the ending of mortality. 

MADNESS OCCASIONED BY POISON. 

Ay, marry, now my soul hath elbow room; 
It would not out at windows, nor at doors. 
There is so hot a summer in my bosom, 
That all my bowels crumble up to dust: 
I am a scribbled form, drawn with a pen 
Upon a parchment; and against this fire 
Do I shrink up, 

Poison'd, — ill fare: — dead, forsook, cast off: 
And none of you will bid the winter come, 
To thrust his icy fingers in my maw; 
Nor let my kingdom's rivers take their course 
Through my burn'd bosom; nor entreat the north 
To make his bleak winds kiss my parched lips 
And comfort me with cold. 

ENGLAND INVINCIBLE IF UNANIMOUS. 

England never did (nor never shall) 
Lie at the proud foot of a conqueror, 
But when it first did help to wound itself. 
Now these her princes are come home again, 
Fome the three corners of the world in arms, 

*Sky. 



KING RICHARD II. 107 

And we shall shock them: Nought shall make us 

rue, 
If England to itself do rest but true. 



KING RICHARD II. 
ACT I. 

REPUTATION. 

THE purest treasure mortal times afford, 
Is — spotless reputation ; that away, 
Men are but gilded loam, or painted clay. 

COWARDICE. 

That which in mean men we entitle — patience. 
Is pale cold cowardice in noble breasts. 

CONSOLATION UNDER BANISHMENT. 

All places that the eye of heaven visits, 
Are to a wise man ports and happy havens: 
Teach thy necessity to reason thus; 
There is no virtue like necessity. 
Think not, the king did banish thee; 
But thou the king: Wo doth the heavier sit, 
Where it perceives it is but faintly borne. 
Go, say — 1 sent thee forth to purchase honour, 
And not — the king exil'd thee: or suppose, 
Devouring pestilence hangs in our air, 
And thou art flying to a fresher clime. 
Look, what thy soul holds dear, imagine it 
To lie that way thou go'st, not whence thou com'st, 
Suppose the singing birds, musicians; 
The grass whereon thou tread'st, the presence 4 

strew'd; 
The flowers, fair ladies; and thy steps, no more 
Than a delightful measure, or a dance* 
For gnarlingf sorrow hath less power to bite 
The man that mocks at it, and sets it light. 

* Presence chamber at court. f Growling. 



108 BEAUTIES OF SHAKSPEARE. 

THOUGHTS INEFFECTUAL TO MODERATE 
AFFLICTION. 

O, who can hold a fire in his hand, 
By thinking on the frosty Caucasus? 
Or cloy the hungry edge of appetite 
By bare imagination of a feast? 
Or wallow naked in December snow, 
By thinking on fantastic summer's heat? 
O, no! the apprehension of the good, 
Gives but the greater feeling to the worse: 
Fell sorrow's tooth doth never rankle more, 
Than when it bites, but lanceth not the sore. 

POPULARITY. 

Ourself, and Bushy, Bagot here, and Green, 
Observ'd his courtship to the common people: — 
How he did seem to dive into their hearts, 
With humble and familiar courtesy; 
What reverence he did throw away on slaves; 
Wooing poor craftsmen, with the craft of smiles, 
And patient underbearing of his fortune, 
As 'twere, to banish their affects with him. 
Off goes his bonnet to an oyster wench; 
A brace of draymen bid — God speed him well, 
And had the tribute of his supple knee, 
With — Thanks, my countrymen, my loving friends}" 
As were our England in reversion his, 
And he our subjects' next degree in hope. 

ACT II. 

ENGLAND PATHETICALLY DESCRIBED. 

This royal throne of kings, this sceptred isle. 
This earth of majesty, this seat of Mars, 
This other Eden, demi-paradise; 
This fortress, built by nature for herself, 
Against infection, and the hand of war; 
This happy breed of men, this little world: 
This precious stone set in the silver sea, 
Which serves it in the office of a wall, 
Or as a moat defensive to a house, 
Against the envy of less happier lands. 



KING RICHARD II. 109 

England, bound in with the triumphant sea, 
Whose rocky shore beats back the envious siege 
Of watery Neptune, is now bound in with shame, 
With inky blots and rotten parchment bonds: 
That England, that was wont to conquer others, 
Hath made a shameful conquest of itself. 

GRIEF. 

Each substance of a grief hath twenty shadows, 
Which show like grief itself, but are not so: 
For sorrow's eye, glaz'd with blinding tears, 
Divides one thing entire to many objects; 
Like perspectives,* which, rightly gaz'd upon, 
Show nothing but confusion; ey'd awry, 
Distinguish form. 

HOPE DECEITFUL. 

I will despair, and be at enmity 
With cozening hope; he is a flatterer, 
A parasite, a keeper-back of death, 
Who gently would dissolve the bands of life, 
Which false hope lingers in extremity. 

PROGNOSTICS OF WAR. 

The bay-trees in our country are all wither'd, 
And meteors fright the fixed stars of heaven; 
The pale-fac'd moon looks bloody on the earth, 
And lean-look'd prophets whisper fearful change: 
Rich men look sad, and ruffians dance and leap. 



ACT III. 

APOSTROPHE TO ENGLAND. 

As a long-parted mother with her child 
Plays fondly with her tears, and smiles in meeting 
So, weeping, smiling, greet I thee, my earth, 
And do thee favour with my royal hands. 
Feed not thy sovereign's foe, my gentle earth, 
Nor with thy sweets comfort his rav'nous sense: 
But let thy spiders, that suck up thy venom, 
And heavy-gaited toads, lie in their way: 

* Pictures. 
10 



110 BEAUTIES OF SHAKSPEARE. 

Doing annoyance to the treacherous feet, 
Which with usurping steps do trample thee. 
Yield stinging nettles to mine enemies: 
And when they from thy bosom pluck a flower, 
Guard it, I pray thee, with a lurking adder; 
Whose double tongue may with a mortal touch 
Throw death upon thy sovereign's enemies.— 
Mock not my senseless conjuration, lords; 
This earth shall have a feeling, and these stonef 
Prove armed soldiers, ere her native king 
Shall falter under foul rebellious arms. 

SUN RISING AFTER A DARE NIGHT. 

Know'st thou not, 
That when the searching eye of heaven is hid 
Behind the globe, and lights the lower world, 
Then thieves and robbers range abroad unseen, 
In murders, and in outrage, bloody here; 
But when, from under this terrestrial ball, 
He fires the proud tops of the eastern pines, 
And darts his light through every guilty hole, 
Then murders, treasons, and detested sins, 
The cloak of night being pluck'd from off their backs, 
Stand bare and naked, trembling at themselves* 

VANITY OF POWER AND MISERY OF KINGS. 

No matter where; of comfort no man speak: 
Let's talk of graves, of worms, and epitaphs; 
Make dust our paper, and with rainy eyes 
Write sorrow on the bosom of the earth. 
Let's choose executors, and talk of wills: 
And yet not so, — for what can we bequeath, 
Save our deposed bodies to the ground? 
Our lands, our lives, and all are Bolingbroke's, 
And nothing can we call our own, but death; 
And that small model of the barren earth, 
Which serves as paste and cover to our bones. 
For heaven's sake, let us sit upon the ground, 
And tell sad stories of the death of kings: — 
How some have been depos'd, some slain in war; 
Some haunted by the ghosts they have depos'd; 
Some poison'd by their wives, some sleeping kilPd, 
All murder'd: — For within the hollow crown 



KING RICHARD II. Ill 

That rounds the mortal temples of a king. 

Keeps death his court: and there the antic sits, 

Scoffing his state, and grinning at his pomp; 

Allowing him a breath, a little scene, 

To monarchize, be fear'd, and kill with looks; 

Infusing him with self and vain conceit, — 

As if this flesh, which walls about our life, 

Were brass impregnable: and humour'd thus, 

Comes at the last, and with a little pin 

Bores through his castle wall, and — farewell king' 

Cover your heads, and mock not flesh and blood 

With solemn reverence; throw away respect, 

Tradition, form, and ceremonious duty, 

For you have but mistook me all this while: 

I live with bread like you, feel want, taste grief, 

Need friends: — Subjected thus, 

How can you say to me— I am a king? 

ACT V. 

MELANCHOLY STORIES. 

In winter's tedious nights, sit by the fire 
With good old folks; and let them tell thee tales 
Of woful ages, long ago betid:* 
And ere thou bid good night, to quitf their grief, 
Tell thou the lamentable fall of me, 
And send the hearers weeping to their beds 

PUBLIC ENTRY. 

York. Then, as I said, the duke, great Boling- 
broke, — 
Mounted upon a hot and fiery steed, 
Which his aspiring rider seem'd to know, — 
With slow, but stately pace, kept on his course, 
While all tongues cried — God save thee, Boling* 

broke ! 
You would have thought the very windows spake, 
So many greedy looks of young and old 
Through casements darted their desiring eyes 
Upon his visage: and that all the walls, 
With painted imag'ry,j had said at once, — 

* Passed. t Be even with them 

Tapestry hung from the windows. 



112 BEAUTIES OF SHAKSPEARE. 

Jesu preserve thee! welcome, Bolingbroke! 
Whilst he, from one side to the other turning, 
Bare-headed, lower than his proud steed's neck., 
Bespake them thus, — 1 thank you, countrymen. 
And thus still doing, thus he pass'd along. 

Duch. Alas, poor Richard ! where rides he the 
while ? 

York. As in a theatre, the eyes of men, 
After a well-grac'd actor leaves the stage, 
Are idly bent* on him that enters next, 
Thinking his prattle to be tedious: 
Even so, or with much more contempt, men's eyes 
Did scowl on Richard; no man cried,God save him; 
No joyful tongue gave him his welcome home: 
But dust was thrown upon his sacred head; 
Which with such gentle sorrow he shook off, — 
His face still combating with tears and smiles t 
The badges of his grief and patience, — 
That had not God, for some strong purpose, steel'd 
The hearts of men, they must perforce have melted, 
And barbarism itself have pitied him. 

VIOLETS. 

Who are the violets now, 
That strew the green lap of the new-come spring? 

A SOLILOQUY IN PRISON. 

I have been studying how I may compare 
This prison, where I live, unto the world: 
And, for because the world is populous, 
And here is not a creature but myself, 
I cannot do it; — Yet I'll hammer it out. 
My brain I'll prove the female to my soul; 
My soul, the father: and these two beget 
A generation of still-breeding thoughts, 
And these same thoughts people this little worldf 
In humors, like the people of this world, 
For no thought is contented. 

* # # * # 

Thoughts tending to content, flatter themselves,— 
That they are not the first of fortune's slaves, 

* Carelessly turned. f His own body 



KING HENRY IV. 118 

Nor shall not be the last; like silly beggars, 
Who, sitting in the stocks refuge their shame,— 
That many have, and others must sit there: 
And in this thought they find a kind of ease, 
Bearing their own misfortune on the back 
Of such as have before endur'd the like, 
Thus play I, in one person, many people, 
And none contented: Sometimes am I king; 
Then treason makes me wish myself a beggar, 
And so I am: Then crushing penury 
Persuades me I was better when a king; 
Then I am king'd again : and by~and-by, 
Think that I am unking'd by Bolingbroke, 
And straight am nothing: — But, whate'er I am, 
Nor I, nor any man, that but man is, 
With nothing shall be pleas'd, till he be eas'd 
With being nothing. 



KING HENRY IV. 

PART I. 

ACT I. 

PEACE AFTER CIVIL WAR. 

SO shaken as we are, so wan with care, 
Find we a time for frighted peace to paint, 
And breathe short-winded accents of new broils 
To be commenc'd in strands* afar remote. 
No more the thirsty Erinnysf of this soil 
Shall daub her lips with her own children's blood, 
No more shall trenching war channel her fields, 
Nor bruise her flow'rets with the armed hoofs 
Of hostile paces: those opposed eyes, 
Which, — like the meteors of a troubled heaven, 

All of one nature, of one substance bred, 

Did lately meet in the intestine shock 

And furious close of civil butchery, 

Shall now, in mutual, well-beseeming ranks, 

* Strands, banks of the sea. 
•f The fury of discord 

10* 



114 BEAUTIES OF SHAKSPEARE. 

March all one way; and be no more oppos'd 
Against acquaintance, kindred, and allies: 
The edge of war, like an ill-sheathed knife. 
No more shall cut his master. 

KING HENRY'S CHARACTER OF PERCY, AND OF 
HIS SON PRINCE HENRY. 

Yea, there thou mak'st me sad, and mak'st me sin 
In envy that my lord Northumberland 
Should be the father of so bless'd a son . 
A son, who is the theme of honour's tongue; 
Amongst a grove, *he very straightest plant; 
Who is sweet fortune's minion, and her pride; 
Whilst I, by looking on the praise of him, 
See riot and dishonour stain the brow 
Of my young Harry. 

PRINCE HENRY'S SOLILOQUY. 

I know you all, and will awhile uphold 
The unyok'd humour of your idleness: 
Yet herein will I imitate the sun; 
Who doth permit the base contagious clouds 
To smother up his beauty from the world, 
That, when he please again to be himself, 
Being wanted, he may be more wonder'd at, 
By breaking through the foul and ugly mists 
Of vapours that did seem to strangle him. 
If all the year were playing holidays, 
To sport would be as tedious as to work; 
But, when they seldom come, they wish'd-for come, 
And nothing pleaseth but rare accidents. 
So, when this loose behaviour I throw off, 
And pay the debt I never promised, 
By how much better than my word I am, 
By so much shall I falsify men's hopes;* 
And, like bright metal on a suilenf ground, 
My reformation, glittering o'er my fault, 
Shall show more goodly, and attract more eyes, 
Than that which hath no foil to set it off. 
I'll so offend, to make offence a skill; 
Redeeming time, when men think least I will. 

* Expectations. t Dull. 



KING HENRY IV. 115 



But, I remember, when the fight was done, 
When I was dry with rage, and extreme toil, 
Breathless and faint, leaning upon my sword, 
Came there a certain lord, neat, trimly dress'd, 
Fresh as a bridegroom; and his chin new reap'd, 
Show'd like a stubble-land at harvest home; 
He was perfumed like a milliner; 
And 'twixt his linger and his thumb he held 
A pouncet-box,* which ever and anon 
He gave his nose, and took't away again; — 
Who, therewith angry, when it next came there, 
Took it in snuff: — and still he smil'd, and talk'd; 
And, as the soldiers bore dead bodies by, 
He call'd them — untaught knaves, unmannerly, 
To bring a slovenly unhandsome corse 
Betwixt the wind and his nobility. 
With many holiday and lady terms 
He questioned me; among the rest demanded 
My prisoners, in your majesty ? s behalf. 
I then, all smarting, with my wounds being cold, 
To be so pester'd with a popinjay ,f 
Out of my grief+ and my impatience, 
Answer'd neglectingly, [ know not what; 
He should, or he should not; — for he made me mad, 
To see him shine so brisk, and smell so sweet, 
And talk so like a waiting-gentlewoman, 
Of guns, and drums, and wounds, (God save the. 

mark !) 
And telling me, the sovereign'st thing on earth 
Was permaceti, for an inward bruise; 
And that it was great pity, so it was, 
That villanous salt-petre should be digg'd 
Out of the bowels of the harmless earth, 
Which many a good tall§ fellow had destroy'd 
So cowardly; and, but for these vile guns, 
He would himself have been a soldier. 

* A small box for musk or other perfumes. 
t Parrot. $ Pain. § Brave. 



116 BEAUTIES OF SHAKSPEARE 

DANGER. 

I'll read you matter deep and dangerous; 
As full of peril, and adventurous spirit, 
As to o'erwalk a current, roaring loud, 
On the unsteadfast footing of a spear. 

HONOUR. 

By heaven, methinks, it were an easy leap, 
To pluck bright honour from the pale-fac'd moon 
Or dive into the bottom of the deep, 
Where fathom-line could never touch the ground 
And pluck up downward honour by the locks; 
So he, that doth redeem her thence, might wear, 
Without corrival,* all her dignities: 
But out upon this half-fac'd fellowship !f 

ACT II. 

LADY PERCY'S PATHETIC SPEECH TO HER HUSBAND 

O my good lord, why are you thus alone? 
For what offence have I, this fortnight, been 
A banish'd woman from my Harry's bed? 
Tell me, sweet lord, what is't that takes from thee 
Thy stomach, pleasure, and thy golden sleep? 
Why dost thou bend thine eyes upon the earth: 
And start so often when thou sit'st alone? 
Why hast thou lost the fresh blood in thy cheeks 
And given my treasures, and my rights of thee, 
To thick-ey'd musing, and curs'd melancholy? 
In thy faint slumbers, I by thee have watch'd, 
And heard thee murmur tales of iron wars: 
Speak terms of manage to thy bounding steed- 
Cry, Courage! — to the field! And thou hast talk' I 
Of sallies, and retires; of trenches, tents, 
Of pallisadoes, frontiers, parapets; 
Of basilisks, of cannon, culverin; 
Of prisoners ransom, and of soldiers slain, 
And all the 'currents^ of a heady fight. 
Thy spirit within thee hath been so at war, 
And thus hath so bestirr'd thee in thy sleep, 

* A rival. t Friendship % Occurrences. 



KING HENRY IV. 11* 

That beads* of sweat have stood upon thy brow. 

Like bubbles in a late disturbed stream; 

And in thy face strange motions have appear'd, 

Such as we see when men restrain their breath 

On some great sudden haste. O, what portents are 

these ? 
Some heavy business hath my lord in hand, 
And I must know it, else he loves me not. 



ACT III. 

PRODIGIES RIDICULED. 

1 cannot blame him: at my nativity 
The front of heaven was full of fiery shapes, 
Of burning cressets;f and, at my birth, 
The frame and huge foundation of the earth 
Shak'd like a coward. 

Hot. Why, so it would have done 

At the same season, if your mother's cat had 
But kitten'd, though yourself had ne'er been born. 
***** 

Diseased nature oftentimes breaks forth 

In strange eruptions; oft the teeming earth 

Is with a kind of cholic pinch'd and vex'd 

By the imprisoning of unruly wind 

Within her womb, which, for enlargement striving, 

Shakes the old beldame earth, and topples^ down 

Steeples and moss-grown towers. 

ON MISERABLE RHYMERS. 

Marry, and I am glad of it with all my heart* 
I had rather be a kitten, and cry — mew, 
Than one of these same metre ballad-mongers: 
1 had rather hear a brazen canstick§ turn'd, 
Or a dry wheel grate on an axletree; 
And that would set my teeth nothing on edge, 

* Drops. 

t Lights set cross ways upon beacons, and also upon 
poles, which were used in processions, &c. 
t Tumbles. § Candlestick. 



118 BEAUTIES OF SHAKSPEARE. 

Nothing so much as mincing poetry; 
'Tis like the forc'd gait of a shuffling nag. 

PUNCTUALITY IN BARGAINS. 

I'll give thrice so much land 
To any well-deserving friend; 
But, in the way of bargain, mark ye me, 
I'll cavil on the ninth part of a hair. 

A HUSBAND SUNG TO SLEEP BY HIS WIFE. 

She bids you 
Upon the wanton rushes lay you down, 
And rest your gentle head upon her lap, 
And she will sing the song that pleaseth you, 
And on your eyelids crown the god of sleep, 
Charming your blood with pleasing heaviness: 
Making such difference 'twixt wake and sleep, 
As is the difference 'twixt day and night, 
The hour before the heavenly-harness'd team 
Begins his golden progress in the east. 

KING HENRY'S PATHETIC ADDRESS TO HIS SON 

Had I so lavish of my presence been, 
So common-hackney'd in the eyes of men, 
So stale and cheap to vulgar company: 
Opinion, that did help me to the crown, 
Had still kept loyal to possession;* 
And left me in reputeless banishment, 
A fellow of no mark, nor likelihood. 
By being seldom seen, I could not stir, 
But, like a comet, I was wonder'd at: 
That men would tell their children, This is he; 
Others would say, — Where? — which is Bolingbrokel 
And then I stole all courtesy from heaven, 
And dress'd myself in such humility, 
That I did pluck allegiance from men's hearts, 
Loud shouts and salutations from their mouths, 
Even in the presence of the crowned king. 
Thus did I keep my person fresh, and new; 
My presence, like a robe pontifical, 

"* True to him that had then possession of the crown 



KING HENRY IV. 119 

Ne'er seen, but wonder'd at: and so my state, 

Seldom, but sumptuous, showed like a feast; 

And won, by rareness, such solemnity. 

The skipping king, he ambled up and down 

With shallow jesters, and rash bavin* wits, 

Soon kindled, and soon burn'd : carded his state; 

Mingled his royalty with capering fools; 

Had his great name profaned with their scorns 

And gave his countenance against his name, 

To laugh at gibing boys, and stand the push 

Of every beardless vain comparative:! 

Grew a companion to the common streets, 

EnfeofF'd| himself to popularity: 

That being daily swallow'd by men's eyes, 

They surfeited with honey; and began 

To loathe the taste of sweetness, whereof a little 

More than a little is by much too much 

So, when he had occasion to be seen, 

He was but as the cuckoo is in June, 

Heard, not regarded; seen, but with such eyes, 

As, sick and blunted with community, 

Afford no extraordinary gaze, 

Such as is bent on sun-like majesty 

When it shines seldom in admiring eyes: 

But rather drowz'd, and hung their eyelids down. 

Slept in his face, and render'd such aspect 

As cloudy men use to their adversaries; 

Being with his presence glutted, gorg'd and full. 

PRINCE HENRY'S MODEST DEFENCE OF HIMSEL1C 

God forgive them, that have so much sway'd 

Your majesty's good thoughts away from me' 

I will redeem all this on Percy's head, 

And, in the closing of some glorious day, 

Be bold to tell you, that I am your son; 

When I will wear a garment all of blood, 

And stain my favours in a bloody mask, 

Which, wash'd awa} r , shall scour my shame with it. 

And that shall be the day, whene'er it lights, 

That this same child of honour and renown, 

This gallant Hotspur, this all-praised knight, 

* Brushwood. f Rival. J Possessing. 



120 BEAUTIES OF SHAKSPEARE. 

And your unthought-of Harry, chance to meet: 

For every honour sitting on his helm, 

'Would they were multitudes; and on my head 

My shames redoubled ! for the time Avill come 

That I shall make this northern youth exchange 

His glorious deeds for my indignities. 

Percy is but my factor, good my lord, 

To engross up glorious deeds on my behalf; 

And I will call him to so strict account, 

That he shall render every glory up. 

Yea, even the slightest worship of his time, 

Or I will tear the reckoning from his heart. 

This, in the name of God, 1 promise here: 

The which, if he be pleas'd I shall perform, 

1 do beseech your majesty, may salve 

The long-grown wounds of my intemperance* 

If not, the end of life cancels all bands;* 

And I will die a hundred thousand deaths, 

Ere break the smallest parcelf of this vow. 

j ACT IV. 

A GALLANT WARRIOR 

I saw young Harry, — with his beaver on, 
His cuisses:|: on his thighs, gallantly arm'd,— 
Rise from the ground like feather'd Mercury, 
And vaulted with such ease into his seat, 
As if an angel dropp'd down from the clouds, 
To turn and wind a fiery Pegasus, 
And vvitch§ the world with noble horsemanship. 

TIOTSrUR'S IMPATIENCE FOR THE BATTLE 

Let them come; 
They come like sacrifices in their trim, 
And to the fire-ey'd maid of smoky war, 
All not, and bleeding, will we offer them 
The mailed Mars shall on his altar sit, 
Up to the ears in blood. I am on fire, 
To hear this rich reprisal is so nigh, 
And yet not ours:— Come, let me take my horse, 

* Bonds. t Part. % Armour 

§ Bewitch, charm. 



y 




P 




SSS5T(& mJH^H^ 



m 



Falstaff. Honour is a mere escutcheon. 
Part First, Act V. 



KING HENRY IV. 121 

Who is to bear me, like a thunderbolt, 
Against the bosom of the prince of Wales: 
Harry to Harry shall, hot horse to horse, 
Meet, and ne'er part, till one drop down a corse,- 
O, that Glendower were come ' 

ACT V. 

PRINCE HENRY'S MODEST CHALLENGE. 

Tell your nephew, 
The prince of Wales doth join with all the world 
In praise of Henry Percy: By my hopes, — 
This present enterprise set off his head, — 
I do not think a braver gentleman, 
More active-valiant, or more valiant-young, 
More daring, or more bold, is now alive, 
To grace this latter age with noble deeds. 
For my part I may speak it to my shame, 
I have a truant been to chivaln , 
And so, I hear, he doth account nie too: 
Yet this before my father's majesty, — 
I am content, that he shall take the odds 
Of his great name and estimatio.*, 
And will, to save the blood on either side, 
Try fortune with him in a single fight. 

falstaff's catechism. 
Well, 'tis no matter: Honour pricks me on. Yea, 
but how if honour prick me off when I come on ? 
how then? Can honour set to a leg? No. Or an 
arm? No. Or take away the grief of a wound? No. 
Honour hath no skill in surgery then? No. What 
is honour? A word. What is in that word ? Honour, 
What is that honour? Air. A trim reckoning!— 
Who hath it ? He that died o' Wednesday. Doth he 
feel it? No. Doth he hear it? No. Is it insensible 
then ? Yea, to the dead. But will it not Jive with the 
living? No. Why? Detraction will not suffer it:— 
therefore I'll none of it. Honour is a mere escut- 
cheon,* and so ends my catechism. 

♦Painted heraldry in funerals. 
11 



122 BEAUTIES OF SHAKSPEARE. 

LIFE DEMANDS ACTION. 

O gentlemen, the time of life is short; 
To spend that shortness basely were too long. 
If life did ride upon a dial's point, 
Still ending at the arrival of an hour. 

PRINCE HENRY'S PATHETIC SPEECH ON THE 
DEATH OF HOTSPUR. 

Brave Percy, fare thee well. 
Ill weav'd ambition, how much art thou shrunk! 
When that this body did contain a spirit, 
A kingdom for it was too small a bound; 
But now, two paces of the vilest earth 
Is room enough:— This earth, that bears thee dead, 
Bears not alive so stout a gentleman. 
If thou wert sensible of courtesy, 
I should not make so dear a show of zeal: 
But let my favours* hide thy mangled face; 
And even, in thy behalf, I'll thank myself 
For doing thee these fair rites of tenderness. 
Adieu, and take thy praise with thee to heaven' 
Thy ignominy sleep with thee in the grave, 
But not remember'd in thy epitaph! 

KING HENRY IV. 



INDUCTION. 

RUMOUR. 

I, FROM the orient to the drooping west, 
Making the wind my post-horse, still unfold 
The acts commenced on this ball of earth: 
Upon my tongues continual slanders ride; 
The which in every language I pronounce, 
Stuffing the ears of men with false reports. 
I speak of peace, while covert enmity. 
Under the smile of safety, wounds the world 

* Scarf, with which he covers Percy's face. 



KING HENRY IV. 123 

And who but Rumour, who but only I, 

Make fearful musters, and prepar'd defence; 

Whilst the big year, swoln with some other grief, 

Is thought with child by the stern tyrant war, 

And no such matter? Rumour is a pipe 

Blown by surmises, jealousies, conjectures; 

And of so easy and so plain a stop, 

That the blunt monster with uncounted heads, 

The still-discordant wavering multitude 

Can play upon it. 

ACT I. 

CONTENTION. 

Contention, like a horse 
Full of high feeding, madly hath broke loose, 
And bears down all before him. 

POST MESSENGER. 

After him, came, spurring hard, 
A gentleman almost forespent* with speed, 
That stopp'd by me to breathe his bloodied horse. 
He ask'd the way to Chester; and of him 
I did demand, what news from Shrewsbury. 
He told me, that rebellion had bad luck, 
And that young Harry Percy's spur was cold; 
With that, he gave his able horse the head, 
And, bending forward, struck his armed heels 
\gainst the panting sides of his poor jade 
Up to the rowel-head; and, starting so. 
He seem'd in running to devour the way, 
Staying no longer question. 

MESSENGER WITH ILL NEWS, 

This man's brow, like to a title-leaf, 
Foretells the nature of a tragic volume: 
So looks the strand, whereon the imperious flood 

Hath left a witness'd usurpation.! 

Thou tremblest; and the whiteness in thy cheek 
Is apter than thy tongue to tell thy errand. 
Even such a man, so faint, so spiritless, 

* Exhausted. t An attestation of its ravage. 



124 BEAUTIES OF SHAKSPEARE. 

So dull, so dead in look, so wo-begone, 

Drew Priam's curtain in the dead of night, 

And would have told him, half his Troy was 

burn'd. — 
I see a strange confession in thine eye, 
Thou shak'st thy head, and hold'st it fear, or sin* 
To speak a truth. If he be slain, say so: 
The tongue offends not that reports his death: 
And he doth sin that does belie the dead; 
Not he, which says the dead is not alive. 
Yet the first bringer of unwelcome news 
Hath but a losing office; and his tongue 
bounds ever after as a sullen bell, 
Remember'd knolling a departing friend. 

GREATER GRIEFS DESTROV THE LESS. 

As the wretch, whose fever-weaken'd joints, 
Like strengthless hinges buckle under life, 
Impatient of his fit, breaks like a fire 
Out of his keeper's arms; even so my limbs, 
Weaken'd with grief, being now enrag'd with grief 
Are tUrice themselves: hence therefore, thou nice* 

crutch; 
A scaly gauntlet now, with joints of steel, 
Must glove this hand: and hence, thou sickly quoif, 4 
Thou art a guard too wanton for the head, 
Which princes, flesh'd with conquest, aim to hit 
Now bind my brows with iron; and approach 
The ragged'st hour that time and spite dare bring, 
To frown upon the enrag'd Northumberland! 
Let heaven kiss earth! Now let not nature's hand 
Keep the wild flood coniin'd! let order die! 
And let this world no longer be a stage, 
To feed contention in a lingering act; 
But let one spirit of the first-born Cain 
Reign in all bosoms, that, each heart being set 
On bloody courses, the rude scene may end, 
And darkness be the burier of the dead. 

THE FICKLENESS OF THE VULGAR. 

An habitation giddy and unsure 
Hath he, that buildeth on the vulgar heart. 

* Trifling. f Cap. 



KING HENRY IV. 125 

O thou fond many !* with what loud applause 
Didst thou beat heaven with blessing Bolingbroke, 
Before he was what thou would'st have him be? 
And being now trimm'df in thine own desires, 
Thou, beastly feeder, art so full of him, 
That thou provok'st thyself to cast him up. 



ACT III. 

APOSTROPHE TO SLEEP. 

Sleep, gentle sleep, 
Nature's soft nurse, how have I frighted thee, 
That thou no more wilt weigh my eyelids down, 
And steep my senses in for get fulness? 
Why rather, sleep, liest thou in smoky cribs. 
Upon uneasy pallets stretching thee, 
And hush'd with buzzing night-flies to thy slumSer 
Than in the perfuin'd chambers of the great. 
Under the canopies of costly state, 
And lull'd with sounds of sweetest melody. 
O thou dull god, why liest thou with the vile, 
In loathsome beds; and leav'st the kingly couch, 
A watch-case, or a common 'laurum bell? 
Wilt thou upon the high and giddy mast 
Seal up the ship-boy's eyes, and rock his brains 
In cradle of the rude imperious surge; 
And in the visitation of the winds, 
Who take the ruffian billows by the top, 
Curling their monstrous heads, and hanging them 
With deaf 'ning clamours in the slippery clouds, 
That, with the hurly,+ death itself awakes? 
Canst thou, O partial sleep! give thy repose 
To the wet sea-boy, in an hour so rude; 
And, in the calmest and most stillest night, 
With all appliances, and means to boot, 
Deny it to a king? 

* Multitude. t Dressed. t Noiae. 



126 BEAUTIES OF SHAKSPEARE. 

ACT IV. 

THE CHARACTER OP KING HENRY V. BY HIS FATHER 

He is gracious, if he be observ'd;* 
He hath a tear for pity, and a hand 
Open as day for melting charity: 
Yet notwithstanding, being incens'd, he's flint; 
As humorous as winter, and as sudden 
As flaws congealed in the spring of day. 
His temper, therefore, must be well observ'd: 
Chide him for faults, and do it reverently, 
When you perceive his blood inclined to mirth: 
But, being moody, give him line and scope; 
Till that his passions, like a whale on ground, 
Confound themselves with working. 

ON FORTUNE. 

Will fortune never come with both hands full 
But write her fair words still in foulest letters? 
She either gives a stomach, and no food, — 
Such are the poor, in health; or else a feast, 
And takes away the stomach, — such are the rich, 
That have abundance, and enjoy it not. 

REFLECTIONS ON A CROWN. 

O polish'd perturbation! golden care! 
That keep'st the portst of slumber open wide 
To many a watchful night! — sleep with it now! 
Yet not so sound, and half so deeply sweet, 
As he, whose brow, with homely biggin]: bound, 
Snores out the watch of night. O majesty! 
When thou dost pinch thy Dearer, thou dost sit 
Like a rich armour worn in heat of day, 
That scalds with safety. 

REFLECTIONS ON GOLD. 

How quickly nature falls into revolt, 
When gold becomes her object! 
For this the foolish over-careful father* 

*Has an attention shown him. 
t Gates. t Cap. 



KING HENRY IV. 12? 

Have broke their sleep with thoughts, their brains 

with care, 
Their bones with industry; 
For this they have engrossed and piled up 
The canker'd heaps of strange-achieved gold; 
For this they have been thoughtful to invest 
Their sons with arts, and martial exercises: 
When, like the bee, tolling* from every flower 
The virtuous sweets; 

Our thighs pack'd with wax, our mouths with honey, 
We bring it to the hive; and, like tfoe bees, 
Are murder'd for our pains. 

SCENE BETWEEN PRINCE HENRY AND HIS FATHER. 

Come hither to me, Harry: — 
Depart the chamber, leave us here alone. 

P. Hen. I never thought to hear you speak again. 

K. Hen. Thy wish was farther, Harry, to that 
thought: 
I stay too long by thee, I weary thee. 
Dost thou so hunger for my empty chair. 
That thou wilt needs invest thee with mine honours 
Before thy hour be ripe ? O foolish youth ! 
Thou seek'st the greatness that will overwhelm thee. 
Stay but a little; for my cloud of dignity 
Is held from falling with so weak a wind, 
That it will quickly drop: my day is dim. 
Thou hast stol'n that, which, after some few hours, 
Were thine without offence: and, at my death, 
Thou hast seal'd up my expectation.! 
Thy life did manifest, thou lov 5 dst me not, 
And thou wilt have me die assured of it. 
Thou hid'st a thousand daggers in thy thoughts: 
Whicli thou hast whetted on thy stony heart, 
To stab at half an hour of my life. 
What! canst thou not forbear me half an hour? 
Then get thee gone; and dig my grave thyself j 
And bid the merry bells ring to thine ear, 
That thou art crowned, not that I am dead. 
Let all the tears that should bedew my hearS^ 

* Taking toll. + Confirmed my opinion. 



128 BEAUTIES OF SHAKSPEARE. 

Be drops of balm, to sanctify thy head: 

Only compound me with forgotten dust; 

Give that, whicr gave thee life, unto the worms. 

Pluck down my officers, break my decrees; 

For now a time is come to mock at form, 

Harry the fifth is crown'd: — Up, vanity! 

Down, royal state! all yoa sage counsellors, hence 

And to the English court assemble now, 

From every region, apes of idleness' 

Now, neighbour confines, purge you of your of scum 

Have you a ruffian, that will swear, drink, dance, 

Revel the night; rob, murder, and commit 

The oldest sins the newest kind of ways? 

Be happy, he will trouble you no more; 

England shall double gild his treble guilt; 

England shall give him office, honour, might; 

For the fifth Harry from curb'd licence plucks 

The muzzle of restraint, and the wild dog 

Shall flesh his tooth in every innocent. 

my poor kingdom, sick with civil blows! 
When that my care could not withhold thy riots, 
What wilt thou do, when riot is thy care? 

U, thou wilt be a wilderness again, 
Peopled with wolves, thy old inhabitants! 
P. Hen. O, pardon me, my liege ! but for my tears, 

[Kneeling. 
The moist impediments unto my speech, 

1 had forestalls! this dear and deep rebuke, 
Ere j^ou with grief had spoke, and I had heard 
The course of it so far. There is your crown 
And He that wears the crown immortally, 
Long guard it yours! If I affect it more, 
Than as your honour, and as your renown, 
Let me no more from this obedience rise, 
(Which my most true and inward-duteous spirit 
Teacheth) this prostrate and exterior bending! 
Heaven witness with me, when I here came in, 
And found no course of breath within your majesty, 
How cold it struck my heart! if I do feign, 

O, let me in my present wild n ess die; 

And never live to show the incredulous world 



KING HENRY IV. 129 

The noble change that I have purposed! 

Coming to look on you, thinking you dead, 

(And dead almost, my liege, to think you were,) 

I spake unto the crown as having sense, 

And thus upbraided it. The care on thee depending^ 

Hath fed upon the body of my father; 

Therefore, thou best of gold, art worst of gold. 

Other, less fine in carat* is more precious, 

Preserving life in med' 'cine potable :f 

But thou, most fine, most honoured, most renown'd, 

Hast eat thy bearer up. Thus, my most royal liege, 

Accusing it, I put it on my head; 

To try with it, — as with an enemy, 

That had before my face murder'd my father, - 

The quarrel of a true inheritor. 

But if it did infect my blood with joy, 

Or swell my thoughts to any strain of pride; 

If any rebel or vain spirit of mine 

Did with the least affection of a welcome, 

Give entertainment to the might of it, 

Let God for ever keep it from my head! 

And make me as the poorest vassal is, 

That doth with awe and terror kneel to it! 

K. Hen. O my son ! 
Heaven put it in thy mind, to take it hence, 
That thou might'st win the more th}^ father's love, 
Pleading so wisely in excuse of it. 
Come hither, Harry, sit thou by my bed; 
And hear, I think, the very latest counsel 
That ever I shall breathe. Heaven knows, my son, 
By what by-paths, and indirect crook'd ways, 
I met this crown; and I myself know well, 
How troublesome it sat upon my head; 
To thee it shall descend v/ith better quiet, 
Better opinion, better confirmation; 
For all the soilj of the achievement goes 
With me into the earth. It seem'd in me, 
But as an honour snatch'd with boisterous hand: 
And I had many living to upbraid 
My gain of it by their assistances; 

* Weight. t To be taken. t Spot, dirt. 



130 BEAUTIES OF SHAKSPEARE. 

Which daily grew to quarrel and to bloodshed. 
Wounding supposed peace: all these bold fears, 
Thou see'st, with peril I have answered: 
For all my reign hath been but as a scene 
Acting that argument; and now my death 
Changes the moderf for what in me was purchasMjJ 
Falls upon thee in a more fairer sort; 
So thou the garland wear'st successively. 
Yet, though thou stand'st more sure than T could do. 
Thou art not firm enough, since griefs are green; 
And all thy friends, which thou must make thy 

friends, 
Have but their stings and teeth newly ta'en out; 
By whose fell working I was first advanc'd. 
And by whose power I well might lodge a fear 
To be again displac'd; which to avoid, 
I cut them off; and had a purpose now 
To lead out. many to the Holy Land; 
Lest rest, and lying still, might make them look 
Too near unto my state. Therefore, my Harry, 
Be it thy course, to busy giddy minds 
With foreign quarrels; that action, hence borne out, 
May waste the memory of the former days. 
More would I, but my lungs are wasted so, 
That strength of speech is utterly denied me. 
How I came by the crown, O God, forgive! 
And grant it may with thee in true peace live! 

P. Hen. My gracious liege, 
You won it, wore it, kept, gave it me; 
Then plain, and right must my possession be: 
Which I, with more than Avith a common pain, 
'Gainst all the world will rightfully maintain. 

ACT V 

ADDRESS OF THE CHIEF JUSTICE TO KING HENRY V. 
WHOM HE HAD IMPRISONED. 

If the deed were ill, 
Be you contented, wearing now the garland,§ 

* Frights. f State of things. 

J Purchase, in Shukspeare, frequently means stolen 
goods. § Crown. 



KING HENRY V. 181 

To have a son set your decrees at naught; 
To pluck down justice from your awful bench; 
To trip the course of law, and blunt the sword 
That guards the peace and safety of your person; 
Nay, more; to spurn at your most royal image, 
And mock your workings in a second body.* 
Question your royal thoughts, make the case yours 
Be now the father, and propose a son; 
Hear your own dignity so much profan'd, 
See your most dreadful laws so loosely slighted, 
Behold yourself so by a son disdained; 
And then imagine me taking your part, 
And, in your power, soft silencing your son. 



KING HENRY V. 
CHORUS. 

INVOCATION TO THE MUSE. 

0, FOR a muse of fire, that would ascend 
The brightest heaven of invention ! 
A kingdom for a stage, princes to act, 
And monarchs to behold the swelling scene! 
Then should the warlike Harry, like himself, 
Assume the port of Mars; and, at his heels, 
Leash'd in like hounds, should famine, sword, and fira 
Crouch for employment. 

ACT I. 

CONSIDERATION. 

Consideration like an angel came, 
And whipp'd the offending Adam out of him: 
Leaving his body as a paiadise, 
To envelop and contain celestial spirits. 

perfections: of king henry v. 

Hear him but reason in divinity, 
4nd, all-admiring, with an inward wish 
You would desire the king were made a prelate: 
Hear him debate of commonwealth affairs, 

* Treat with contempt your acts executed by a re- 
presentative. 



132 BEAUTIES OF SHAKSPEARE. 

Yon would say, — it had been all-in-all his study. 
List* his discourse of war, and you shall hear 
A fearful battle render'd you in music: 
Turn him to any cause of policy, 
The Gordian knot of it he will unloose, 
Familiar as his garter; that when he speaks, 
The air, a charter'd libertine, is still, 
And the mute wonder lurketh in men's ears, 
To steal his sweet and honeyed sentences. 

THE COMMONWEALTH OF BEES. 

So work the honey bees; 
Creatures, that, by a rule in nature, teach 
The act of order to a peopled kingdom. 
They have a king, and officers of sorts.'t 
Where some, like magistrates, correct at home; 
Others, like merchants, venture trade abroad; 
Others, like soldiers, armed in their stings, 
Make boot upon the summer's velvet buds; 
Which pillage they with merry march bring home 
To the tent-royal of their emperor: 
Who, busied in his majesty, surveys 
The singing masons building roofs of gold; 
The civil+ citizens kneading up the honey, 
The poor mechanic porters crowding in 
Their heavy burdens at his narrrow gate; 
The sad-ey'd justice, with his surly hum, 
Delivering o'er to the executors§ pale 
The lazy yawning drone. 

ACT II. 
CHORUS. 

WARLIKE SPIRIT. 

Now all the youth of England are on fire, 
And silken dalliance in the wardrobe lies; 
Now thrive the armourers, and honour's thought 
Reigns solely in the breast of every man: 
They sell the pasture now. to buy the horse; 
Following the mirror of all Christian kings, 

* Listen to. f Different degrees, 

i Sober, grave. § Executioners. 



KING HENRY V. 133 

With winged heels, as English Mercuries. 
For now sits Expectation in the air; 
And hides a sword, from hilts unto the point, 
With crowns imperial, crowns, and coronets, 
Promis'd to Harry, and his followers. 

APOSTROPHE TO ENGLAND. 

O England! — model to thy inward greatness, 
Like little body with a mighty heart, — 
What might'st thou do, that honour would thee do 
Were all thy children kind and natural! 
But see thy fault ! France hath in thee found out 
A nest of hollow bosoms, which he* fills 
With treacherous crowns. 

FALSE APPEARANCES. 

0, how hast thou with jealousy infected 
The sweetness of affiance! Show men dutiful? 
Why, so didst thou: Seem they grave and learned? 
Why, so didst thou: Come they of noble family? 
Why, so didst thou: Seem they religious? 
Why, so didsi \hou: Or are they spare in diet; 
Free from gross passion, or of mirth, or anger; 
Constant in spirit, not swerving with the blood; 
Garnish'd and deck'd in modest complement;! 
Not working with the eye, without the ear, 
And, but in purged judgment, trusting neither.' 
Such, and so finely bolted, + didst thou seem: 
And thus thy fall hath left a kind of blot, 
To mark the full-fraught man, and best indued,^ 
With some suspicion. 

DAME Q.UICKLY'S ACCOUNT OF FALSTAFF's DEATH. 

'A made a finer end, and went away, an it had 
been any christom|| child; 'a parted even just between 
twelve and one, e'en at turning o' the tide; for after 
[ saw him fumble with the sheets, and play with 
flowers, and smile upon his fingers'' ends, I knew 
there was but one way ; for his nose was as sharp as a 

* i. e. The king of France, t Accomplishment. 
4: Sifted. § Endowed. 

' A child not more than a month old. 
12 



134 BEAUTIES OF SHAKSPEARE. 

pen, and 'a babbled of green fields. How now, Sii 
John? quoth I: what, man ! be of good cheer. So 'a 
cried out — God, God, God ! three or four times: now I, 
to comfort him, bid him, 'a should not think of God; 
I hoped there was no need to trouble himself with 
any such thoughts yet: So, 'a bade me lay more 
clothes on his feet: I put my hand into the bed, and 
felt them, and they were as cold as any stone. 

KING HENRY'S CHARACTER BY THE CONSTABLE Of 
FRANCE. 

You are too much mistaken in this king: 
Question your grace the late ambassadors, — 
With what great state he heard their embassy, 
How well supplied with noble counsellors, 
How modest in exception,* and withal, 
How terrible in constant resolution, — 
And you shall find his vanities forespentf 
Were but the outside of the Roman Brutus, 
Covering discretion with a coat of folly; 
As gardeners do with ordure hide those roots 
That shall first spring, and be most delicate* 



ACT III. 
CHORUS. 

DESCRIPTION OF A FLEET SETTING SAIL. 

Suppose that you have seen 
The well-appointed king at Hampton pier 
Embark his royalty; and his brave fleet 
With silken streamers the young Phoebus fanning, 
Play with your fancies; and in them behold, 
Upon the hempen tackle, ship-boys climbing: 
Hear the shrill whistle, which doth 3rder give 
To sounds confus'd; behold the threaden sails, 
Borne with the invisible and creeping wind, 
Draw the huge bottoms through the iurrow'd sea, 
Breasting the lofty surge. 

* In making objections. f Wasted, exhausted. 



KING HENRY V. 135 

ACT IV. 

CHORUS. 

DESCRIPTION OF NIGHT IN A CAMP. 

From camp to camp, through the foul womb 
of night, 
The hum of either army stilly* sounds. 
That the fix'd sentinels almost receive 
The secret whispers of each other's watch: 
Fire answers fire, and though their paly flames 
Each battle sees the other's umber'df face: 
Steed threatens steed, in high and boastful neighs 
Piercing the night's dull ear; and from the tents, 
The armourers, accomplishing the knights, 
With busy hammers closing rivets up, 
Give dreadful note of preparation. 
The country cocks do crow, the clocks do toll, 
And the third hour of drowsy morning name. 
Proud of their numbers, and secure in soul, 
The confident and over-lusty* French 
Do the low-rated English play at dice; 
And chide the cripple tardy-gaited night, 
Who, like a foul and ugly witch, doth limp 
So tediously away. The poor condemned English, 
Like sacrifices, by their watchful fires 
Sit patiently, and inly ruminate 
The morning's danger; and their gesture sad, 
Investing lank-lean cheeks, and war-worn coats, 
Presenteth them unto the gazing moon 
So many horrid ghosts. O, now, who will behold 
The royal captain of this ruin'd band, 
Walking from watch to watch, from tent to tent, 
Let him cry — Praise and glory on his head! 
For forth he goes, and visits all his host; 
Bids them good morrow, with a modest smile; 
And calls them— brothers, friends, and countrymen, 
Upon his royal face there is no note, 
How dread an army hath enrounded himj 

* Gently, lowly. 

•fr Discoloured by the gleam of the firea. 

X Over-saucy. 



136 BEAUTIES OF SHAKSPEARE. 

Nor doth he dedicate one jot of colour 
Unto the weary and all-watched night: 
But freshly looks, and overbears attaint, 
With cheerful semblance, and sweet majesty; 
That every wretch, pining and pale before, 
Beholding him, plucks comfort from his looks: 
A largess universal, like the sun, 
His liberal eye doth give to every one, 
Thawing cold fear. 

Enter Bates, Court, and Williams. 
Court. Brother John Bates, is not that the morning 
which breaks yonder? 

Bates. I think it be: but we have no great cause to 
desire the approach of day. 

Will. We see yonder the beginning of the day, 
but I think, we. shall never see the end of it. — Who 
goes there? 

K. Hen. A friend. 

Will. Under what captain serve you? 

K. Hen. Under Sir Thomas Erpingham. 

Will. A good old commander, and a most kind 
gentleman: I pray you what thinks he of our estate? 

K. Hen. Even as men wrecked upon a sand, that 
look to be washed off the next tide. 

Bates. He hath not told his thought to the king? 

K. Hen. No; nor it is not meet he should. For, 
though I speak it to you, I think, the king is but a 
man, as I am: the violet smells to him, as it doth to 
me; the element shows to him, as it doth to me; all 
his senses have but human conditions:* his ceremo- 
nies laid by, in his nakedness he appears but a man: 
and though his affections are higher mounted than 
ours, yet when they stoop, they stoop with the like 
wings; therefore, when he sees reason of fears, as we 
do, his fears, out of doubt, be of the same relish as 
ours are: Yet, in reason, no man should possess him 
with any appearance of fear, lest he, by showing it, 
should dishearten his army. 

Bates. He may show what outward courage he 
will: but I believe, as cold a night as ; tis, he could 

* Qualities. 



KING HENRY V. 137 

wish himself in the Thames up to the neck; and so I 
would he were, and I by him, at all adventures, so 
we were quit here. 

K. Hen. By my troth, I will speak my conscience 
of the king; I think, he would not wish himself any 
where but where he is. 

Bates. Then, 'would he were here alone; so should 
he be sure to be ransomed, and many poor men's 
lives saved. 

K. Hen. I dare say, you love him not so ill, to wish 
him here, alone; howsoever you speak this, to feel 
other men's minds: Methinks, I could not die any 
where so contented, as in the king's company: his 
cause being just, and his quarrel honourable. 

Will. That's more than we know. 

Bates. Ay, or more than we should seek after; for 
we know enough, if we know we are the king's sub- 
jects; if his cause be wrong, our obedience to the 
king wipes the crime of it out of us. 

Will. But if the cause be not good, the king him- 
self hath a heavy reckoning to make; when all those 
legs, and arms, and heads chopped off in a battle 
shall join together at the latter day,* and cry all — 
We died at such a place; some, swearing; some, cry- 
ing for a surgeon; some, upon their wives left poor 
behind them; some, upon the debts they owe; some, 
upon their children rawlyf left. I am afeard there 
are few die well, that die in battle; for how can they 
charitably dispose of any thing, when blood is their 
argument? Now, if these men do not die well, it will 
be a black matter for the king that led them to it; 
whom to disobey, were against all proportion of sub 
jection. 

K. Hen. So, if a son, that is by his father sent about 
merchandise, do sinfully miscarry upon the sea, the 
imputation of his wickedness, by your rule, should 
be imposed upon his father that sent him: or if a 
servant, under his master's command, transporting 
a sum of money, be assailed by robbers, and die in 
many irreconciled iniquities, you may call the busi 

* The last day, the day of judgment, t Suddenly. 
12* 



13S BEAUTIES OF SHAKSPEARE. 

ness of the master the author of the servant's damnab 
tion: — But this is not so: the king is not bound to 
answer the particular endings of his soldiers, the fa- 
ther of his son, nor the master of his servant; for 
they purpose not their death, when they purpose their 
services. Besides, there is no king, be his cause ne- 
ver so spotless, if it come to the arbitrement of swords, 
can try it out with all unspotted soldiers. Some, per- 
adventure, have on them the guilt of premeditated 
and contrived murder; some, of beguiling virgins 
with the broken seals of perjury; some, making the 
wars their bulwark, that have before gored the 
gentle bosom of peace with pillage and robbery. Now, 
if these men have defeated the law, and outrun na- 
tive punishment,* though they can outstrip men, they 
have no w T ings to fly from God: war is his beadle, 
war is his vengeance; so that, here men are punish- 
ed, for before breach of the king's laws, in now the 
king's quarrel: where they feared the death, they 
have borne life away; and where they would be safe, 
they perish: Then if they die unprovided, no more is 
the king guilty of their damnation, than he was be- 
fore guilty of those impieties for the which they are 
now visited. Every subject's duty is the king's: but 
every subject's soul is his own. Therefore should 
every soldier in the wars do as every sick man in his 
bed, wash every mote out of his conscience; and dy- 
ing so, death is to him advantage; or not dying, the 
time was blessedly lost, wherein such preparations 
was gained: and in him that escapes, it were not sin 
to think, that making God so free an offer, he let him 
outlive that day to see his greatness, and to teach 
others how they should prepare. 

Will. 'Tis certain, every man that dies ill, the ill 
is upon his own head, the king is not to answer for it. 

THE MISERIES OF ROYALTY. 

hard condition ! twin-born with greatness 
Subjected to the breath of every fool, 
Whose sense no more can feel but his own wringing! 
What infinite heart's ease must kings neglect, 

* i e. Punishment in their native country-. 



KING HENRY V. 189 

That private men enjoy? 

And what have kings, that privates have not too 
Save ceremony, save general ceremony? 
And what art thou, thou idol ceremony? 
What kind of god art thou, that suffer'st more 
Of mortal griefs, then do thy worshippers? 
What are thy rents? what, are thy comings-in? 

ceremony, show me but thy worth! 
What is the soul of adoration ?* 

Art thou aught else but place, degree, and form, 

Creating awe and fear in other men? 

Wherein thou art less happy being fear'd 

Than they in fearing. 

What drink'stthou oft, instead of homage sweet, 

But poison'd flattery? O, be sick, great greatness, 

And bid thy ceremony give thee cure! 

Think'st thou the fiery fever will go out 

With titles blown from adulation ? 

Will it give place to flexure and low bending? 

Canst thou, when thou command'st the beggar's knee, 

Command the health of it! No, thou proud dream, 

That play'st so subtly with a king's repose; 

1 am a king, that find thee; and I know, 
'Tis not the balm, the sceptre, and the ball, 
The sword, the mace, the crown imperial, 
The enter-tissued robe of gold and pearl, 
The farcedf title running fore the king, 
The throne he sits on, nor the tide of pomp, 
That beats upon the high shore of this world, 
No, not all these thrice gorgeous ceremony 
Not all these laid in bed majestical, 

Can sleep so soundly as the wretched slave; 
Who, with a body fill'd, and vacant mind, 
Gets him to rest, cramm'd with distressful bread; 
Never sees horrid night, the child of hell; 
But, like a lacky, from the rise to set, 
Sweats in the eye of Phcebus, and all night 

* " What is the real worth and intrinsic value of adora- 
tion?" 

t Farced is stuffed. The tumid puffy tides with which 
a king's name is introduced 



140 BEAUTIES OF SHAKSPEARE. 

Sleeps in Elysium; next day, after dawn, 
Doth rise, and help Hyperion* to his horse; 
And follows so the ever-running year 
With profitable labour, to his grave: 
And, but for ceremony, such a wretch, 
Winding up days with toil, and nights with sleep, 
Had the fore hand and 'vantage of a king. 

DESCRIPTION OF THE MISERABLE STATE OP THI 
ENGLISH ARMY. 

Yon island's carrions, desperate of their bones, 
Ill-favour'dly become the morning field: 
Their ragged curtainsf poorly are let loose, 
And our air shakes them passing scornfully. 
Big Mars seems bankrupt in their beggar'd host, 
And faintly through a rusty beaver peeps. 
Their horsemen sit like fixed candlesticks, 
With torch-staves in their hand: and the poor jades 
Lob down their heads, dropping the hides and hips; 
The gum down-roping from their pale-dead eyes, 
And in their pale dull mouths the gimmalj bit 
Lies foul with chew'd grass still and motionless; 
And their executors, the knavish crows, 
Fly o'er them all, impatient for their hour. 

KING HENRY'S SPEECH BEFORE THE BATTLE OF AGIN 

COURT. 

He that outlives this day, and comes safe home, 
Will stand a tip-toe when this day is nam'd, 
And rouse him at the name of Crispian. 
He, that shall live this day, and see old age, 
Will yearly on the vigil feast his friends, 
And say — to-morrow is Saint Crispian: 
Then will he strip his sleeve and show his scars, 
And say, these wounds I had on Crispian's day. 
Old men forget: yet all shall be forgot, 
But he'll remember, with advantages, 
What feats he did that day: Then shall our names, 
Familiar in their mouths as household words, — 
Harry the king, Bedford, and Exeter, 

* The sun. t Colours. t Ring- 



KING HENRY V. 141 

Warwick and Talbot, Salisbury and Gloster, — 
Be in their flowing cups freshly remember'd. 

DESCRIPTION OF THE DUKE OF YORK'S 
DEATH. 

He smil'd me in the face, raught* me his hand, 
And, with a feeble gripe, says, — Dear my lord, 
Commend my service to my sovereign. 
So did he turn, and over Suffolk's neck 
He threw his wounded arm, and kiss'd his lips; 
And so, espous'd to death, with blood ha seal'd 
A testament of noble-ending love. 
The pretty and sweet manner of it forc'd 
Those waters from me, which I would have stopp'd; 
But I had not so much of man in me, 
But all my mother came into mine eyes, 
And gave me up to tears. 

ACT V. 

THE MISERIES OF WAR. 

Her vine, the merry cheerer of the heart, 
Unpruned dies: her hedges even-pleached, — 
Like prisoners wildly overgrown with hair, 
Put forth disorder'd twigs: her fallow leas 
The darnal, hemlock, and rank fumitory, 
Doth root upon; while that the coulterf rusts, 
That should deracinate* such savagery: 
The even mead, that erst brought-sweetly forth 
The freckled cowslip, burnet, and green clover, 
Wanting the scythe, all uncorrected, rank, 
Conceives by idleness; and nothing teems, 
But hateful docks, rough thistles, kecksies, burs, 
Losing both beauty and utility. 
And as our vineyards, fallows, meads, and hedges, 
Defective in their natures, grow to wildness. 

* Reached. 

t Ploughshare. 

X To deracinate is to force up the roots. 



1 12 BEAUTIES OF SHAKSPEARE. 



KING HENRY VI. 

PART I. 



ACT I. 

GLORY. 

GLORY is like a circle in the water, 
Which never ceaseth to enlarge itself, 
Till, by broad spreading, it disperse to nought 



ACT V. 

MARRIAGE. 

Marriage is a matter of more worth 
Than to be dealt in by attorneyship.* 
# * * # # 
For what is wedlock forced, but a hell, 
An age of discord and continual strife? 
Whereas the contrary bringeth forth bliss, 
And is a pattern of celestial peace. 



KING HENRY VI. 



ACT I. 



A RESOLVED AND AMBITIOUS WOMAN. 

FOLLOW I must, I cannot go before, 
While Gloster bears this base and humble mind 
Were I a man, a duke, and next of blood, 
I would remove these tedious stumbling-blocks, 
And smooth my way upon their headless necks: 
And, being a woman, I will not be slack 
To play my part in fortune's pageant. 

* By the discretional agency of another 



SECOND PART OF KING HENRY VI 143 

ACT II. 

god's goodness ever to be remembered. 
Let never day nor night unhallow'd pass, 
But still remember what the Lord hath done. 

THE DUCHESS OF GLOSTER'S REMONSTRANCE TO HEB 
HUSBAND WHEN DOING PENANCE. 

For, whilst I think I am thy married wife, 
And, thou a prince, protector of this land, 
Methinks, I should not thus be led along, 
Mail'd up in shame,* with papers on my back; 
And followed with a rabble, that rejoice 
To see my tears, and hear my deep-feltf groans. 
The truthless flint doth cut my tender feet; 
And, when I start, the envious people laugh, 
And bid me be advised how I tread. 

ACT III. 

SILENT RESENTMENT DEEPEST. 

Smooth runs the water, where the brook is deep; 
And in his simple show he harbours treason. 

A GUILTY COUNTENANCE. 

Upon thy eyeballs murderous tyranny 
Sits in grim majesty, to fright the world. 

DESCRIPTION OF A MURDERED PERSON. 

See, how the blood is settled in his face! 
Oft have I seen a timely-parted ghost, J 
Of ashy semblance, meagre, pale, and bloodless, 
Being all descended to the labouring heart; 
Who, in the conflict that it holds with death, 
Attracts the same for aidance 'gainst the enemy, 
Which with the heart there cools and ne'er returneth 
To blush and beautify the cheek again. 

* Wrapped up in disgrace; alluding to the sheet of 
penance. 

t Deep-fetched. 

$ A body become inanimate in the common course of 
nature; to which violence has not brought a timeless end 



144 BEAUTIES OF SHAKSPEARE. 

But, see, his face is black, and full of blood; 
His eyeballs further out than when he liv'd, 
Staring full ghastly, like a strangled man: [gling; 
His hair uprear'd, his nostrils stretch'd with strug- 
His hands abroad display'd, as one that grasp'd 
And tugg'd for life, and was by strength subdu'd. 
Look on the sheets, his hair, you see, is sticking: 
His well-proportion'd beard made rough and rugged, 
Like to the summer's corn by tempest lodg'd. 
It cannot be, but he was murder'd here; 
The least of all these signs were probable. 

A GOOD CONSCIENCE. 

What stronger breast-plate than a heart untainted. 
Thrice is he arm'd, that hath his quarrel just; 
And he but naked, though lock'd up in steel, 
Whose conscience with injustice is corrupted. 

REMORSELESS HATRED. 

A plague upon them! Wherefore should I curse 
them? 
Would curses kill, as doth the mandrake's groan, 
I would invent as bitter-searching terms, 
As curst, as harsh, and horrible to hear, 
Deliver'd strongly through my fixed teeth, 
With full as many signs of deadly hate, 
As lean-fac'd Envy in her loathsome cave: 
My tongue should stumble in mine earnest words* 
Mine eyes should sparkle like the beaten flint: 
My hair be fix'd on end, as one distract: 
Ay, every joinc should seem to curse and ban: 
And even now my burden'd heart would break, 
Should I not curse them. Poison be their drink! 
Gall, worse than gall, the daintiest that they taste! 
Their sweetest shade, a grove of Cyprus trees! 
Their chiefest prospect, murdering basilisks! 
Their softest touch, as smart as lizards' stings! 
Their music, frightful as the serpent's hiss.; 
And boding screech-owls make the concert full! 
All the foul terrors in dark-seated hell. 

# # # # * 

Now, by the ground that I am banish'd from 
Well could I curse away a winter's night, 



SECOND PART OF KING HENRY VI. 145 

Though standing naked on a mountain top, 
Where biting cold would never let grass grow. 

PARTING LOVERS. 

And banished I am, if but from thee. 
Go, speak not to me; even now be gone. — 
O, go not yet! — Even thus two friends condemn'd 
Embrace, and kiss, and take ten thousand leaves, 
Lother a hundred times to part than die. 
Yet now farewell; and farewell life with thee! 

Suf. Thus is poor Suffolk ten times banished, 
Once b}^ the king, and three times thrice by thee. 
'Tis not the land I care for, wert thou hence; 
A wilderness is populous enough, 
So Suffolk had thy heavenly company: 
For where thou art, there is the world itself, 
With every several pleasure in the world; 
And where thou art not, desolation. 

DYING WITH THE PERSON BELOVED PREFERABLE TO 
PARTING. 

If I depart from thee, I cannot live: 
And in thy sight to die, what were it else, 
But like a pleasant slumber in thy lap? 
Here could I breathe my soul into the air, 
As mild and gentle as the cradle-babe, 
Dying with the mother's dug between its lips. 

THE DEATH-BED HORRORS OF A GUILTY CONSCIENCE, 

Bring me unto my trial when you will. 
Died he not in his bed? where should he die? 
Can 1 make men live, whe'r they will or no? — 
O ! torture me no more, I will confess. — 
Alive again? then show me where he is; 
I'll give a thousand pound to look upon him, — 
He hath no eyes, the dust hath blinded them, — 
Comb down his hair; look! look! it stands upright, 
Like lime-twigs set to catch my winged soul! — 
Give me some drink; and bid the apothecary 
Bring the strong poison that I bought of him. 

13 



146 BEAUTIES OF SHAKSPEARE. 

ACT IV. 

NIGHT. 

The gaudy, blabbing, and remorseful* day 
Is crept into the bosom of the sea; 
And now loud-howling wolves arouse the jades 
That drag the tragic melancholy night; 
Who with their drowsy, slow, and flagging wings 
Clip dead men's graves, and from their misty jaws 
Breathe foul contagious darkness in the air. 

KENT. 

Kent, in the commentaries Cesar writ, 
Is term'd the civil'st place of all this isle : 
Sweet is the country, because full of riches; 
The people liberal, valiant, active, wealthy. 

LORD SAY'S APOLOGY FOR HIMSELF. 

Justice with favour have I always done; 
Prayers and tears have mov'd me, gifts could never 
When have I aught exacted at your hands, 
Kent to maintain, the king, the realm, and you? 
Large gifts have I bestow'd on learned clerks, 
Because my book preferred me to the king', 
And — seeing ignorance is the curse of God, 
Knowledge the wing wherewith we fly to heaven,—" 
Unless you be possess'd with dev'lish spirits, 
You cannot but forbear to murder me. 



KING HENRY VI. 

PART III. 

ACT I. 

THE TRANSPORTS OF A CROWN. 

Do but think, 

How sweet a thing it is to wear a crown; 

Within whose circuit is Elysium, 

And all that poets feign of bliss and joy. 

* Pitiful 



THIRD PART OF HENRY VI. 147 

A HUNGRY LION. 

So looks the pent-up lion o'er the wretch 
That trembles under his devouring paws: 
And so he walks, insulting o'er his prey; 
And so he comes to rend his limbs asunder. 

THE DUKE OF YORK ON THE GALLANT BEHAVIOUR 
®F HIS SONS. 

My sons — God knows what hath bechanced them: 

But this I know, — they have demeaned themselves 

Like men born to renown, by life, or death. 

Three times did Richard make a lane to me; 

And thrice cried, — Courage, father ! fight it out. 

And full as oft came Edward to my side, 

With purple falchion, painted to the hilt 

In blood of those that had encountr'd him: 

And when the hardiest warriors did retire, 

Richard cried — Charge! and give no foot of ground 

And cried, — A Crown, or else a glorious tomb! 

A sceptre, or an earthly sepulchre! 

With this, Ave eharg'd again; but out, alas! 

We bodg'd* again; as I have seen a swan 

With bootless labours swim against the tide, 

And spend her strength with over-matching waves 

A FATHER'S PASSION ON THE MURDER OF A FAVOURITE 
CHILD. 

O, tyger's heart, wrapp'd in a woman's hide! 
How could'st thou drain the life-blood of the child, 
To bid the father wipe his eyes withal, 
And yet be seen to bear a woman's face? 
Women are soft, mild, pitiful, and flexible; 

Thou stern, obdurate, flinty, rough, remorseless. 

***** 

That face of his the hungry cannibals [blood. 

Would not have touch'd, would not have stain'd with 
But you are more inhuman, more inexorable, — 
U, ten times more, — than tygers of Hyrcania 
See, ruthless queen, a hapless father's tears: 
This cloth thou dipp'dst in blood of my sweet boy. 

* i. e. We boggled, made bad, or bungling work of oui 
attempt to rally. 



148 BEAUTIES OF SHAKSPEARE. 

And I with tears do wash the tlood away. 
Keep thou the napkin, and go boast of this: 
And, if thou tell'st the heavy story right, 
Upon my soul, the hearers will shed tears; 
Yea, even my foes will shed fast-falling tears; 
And say, — Alas, it was a piteous deed ! 

ACT II. 

THE DUKE OF YORK IN BATTLE. 

Methought, he bore him* in the thickest troop 
As doth a lion in a herd of neat;f 
Or as a bear, encompass'd round with dogs; 
Who having pinch'd a few, and made them cry 
The rest stand all aloof, and bark at him. 

MORNING. 

See, how the morning opes her golden gates, 
And takes her fare w ell of the glorious sun!:}: 
How well resembles it the prime of youth, 
Trimni'd like a younker, prancing to his love! 

THE MORNING'S DAWN. 

This battle fares like to the morning's war, 
When dying clouds contend with growing light; 
What time the shepherd, blowing of his nails, 
Can neither call it perfect day, or night. 

THE BLESSINGS OF A SHEPHERD'S LIFE 

O God ! methinks, it were a happy life, 
To be no better than a homely swain; 
To sit upon a hill, as I do now, 
To carve out dials quaintly, point by point, 
Thereby to see the minutes how they run: 
How many make the hour full complete, 
How many hours bring about the day, 
How many days will finish up the year, 
How many years a mortal man may live. 
When this is known, then to divide the times: 
So many hours must I tend my flock; 

* Demeaned himself, t Neat cattle, cows, oxen, &c. 
t Aurora takes for a time her farewell of the sun, when 
she dismisses him to his diurnal course. 



THIRD PART OF KING HENRY VI. 149 

So many hours must I take my rest; 

So many hours must I contemplate; 

So many hours must I sport myself; 

So many days my ewes have been with youngj 

So many weeks ere the poor fools will yean; 

So many years ere I shall sheer the fleece: 

So minutes, hours, days, weeks, months, and years, 

Pass'd over to the end they were created, 

Would bring white hairs unto a quiet grave. 

Ah, what a life were this ! how sweet ! how lovely ! 

Gives not the hawthorn bush a sweeter shade 

To shepherds, looking on their silly sheep. 

Than doth a rich embroidered canopy 

To kings, that fear their subjects' treachery? 

O, yes it doth: a thousand fold it doth. 

And to conclude, — the shepherd's homely curds. 

His cold tnin drink out of his leather bottle, 

His wonted sleep under a fresh tree's shade, 

All which secure and sweetly he enjoys, 

Is far beyond a prince's delicates, 

His viands sparkling in a golden cup, 

His body couched in a curious bed, 

When care, mistrust, and treason wait on him. 



ACT III. 

NO STABILITY IN A MOB. 

Look, as I blow this feather from my face, 
And as the air blows it to me again, 
Obeying with my wind when I do blow, 
And yielding to another when it blows, 
Commanded always by the greater gust; 
Such is the likeness of you common men. 

A SIMILE ON AMBITIOUS THOUGHTS. 

Why, then I do but dream on sovereignty; 
Like one that stands upon a promontory, 
And spies a far-off shore where he would tread, 
Wishing his foot were equal with his eye; 
And chides the sea that sunders him from thence 
Saving — he'll lade it dry to have his way. 
13* 



150 BEAUTIES OF SHAKSPEARE. 

gloster's deformity. 
Why, love forswore me in my mother's womb: 
And, for I should not deal in her soft laws 
She did corrupt frail nature with some bribe 
To shrink mine arm up like a wither'd shrub; 
To make an envious mountain on my back, 
Where sits deformity to mock my body; 
To shape my legs of an unequal size; 
To disproportion me in every part, 
Like to a chaos, or an unlick'd bear whelp, 
That carries no impression like the dam. 
And am I then a man to be belov'd? 

gloster's dissimulation. 
Why, I can smile, and murder while I smile; 
And cry, content, to that which grieves my heart; 
And wet my cheeks with artificial tears, 
And frame my face to all occasions. 
I'll drown more sailors than the mermaid shall; 
I'll slay more gazers than the basilisk; 
I'll play the orator as well as Nestor, 
Deceive more slily then Ulysses could 
And, like a Sinon, take another Troy; 
I can add colours to the chameleon; 
Change shapes, with Proteus, for advantages, 
And set the murd'rous Machiavel to school, 



ACT IV. 

HENRY VI. ON HIS OWN LENITY. 

I have not stopp'd mine ears to their demands, 
Nor posted off their suits with slow delays; 
My pity hath been balm to heal their wounds, 
My mildness hath allay'd their swelling griefs, 
My mercy dry'd their water-flowing tears: 
I have not been desirous of their wealth, 
Nor much oppress'd them with great subsidies, 
Nor forward of revenge, though they much err'd. 



THIRD PART OF KING HENRY VI. 151 
ACT V. 

DYING SPEECH OF THE EARL OF WARWICK. 

Ah who is nigh? come to me, friend or foe. 
And tell me, who is victor, York, or Warwick? 
Why ask I that? my mangled body shows, 
My blood, my want of strength, my sick heart shows 
That I must yield my body to the earth, 
And, by my fall, the conquest to my foe. 
Thus yields the cedar to the axe's edge, 
Whose arms gave shelter to the princely eagle, 
Under whose shade the ramping lion slept! 
Whose top-branch over-peer'd Jove's spreading tree, 
And kept low shrubs from winter's powerful wind. 
These eyes, that now are dimm'd with death's black 

veil, 
Have been as piercing as the mid-day sun, 
To search the secret treasons of the world: 
The wrinkles in my brows, now fill'd with blood, 
Were liken'd oft to kingly sepulchres; 
For who liv'd king, but I could dig his grave? 
And who durst smile, when Warwick bent his brow? 
Lo, now my glory smear'd in dust and blood! 
My parks, my walks, my manors that I had, 
Even now forsake me: and, of all my lands, 
Is nothing left me, but my body's length! 

queen Margaret's speech before the battle op 
tewksburt. 
Lords, knights, and gentlemen, what I should say 
My tears gainsay;* for every word I speak, 
Ye see, I drink the water of mine eyes. 
Therefore, no more but this: — Henry, your sove- 
reign, 
Is prisoner to the foe; his state usurp'd, 
His realm a slaughter-house, his subjects slain, 
His statutes cancell'd, and his treasure spent; 
And yonder is the wolf, that makes this spoil. 
You fight in justice: then, in God's name, lords, 
Be valiant, and give signal to the light. 

* Unsay, deny. 



152 BEAUTIES OF SHAKSPEARE. 

OMENS ON THE BIRTH OF RICHARD III. 

The owl shriek'd at thy birth, an evil sign; 
The night-crow cried, aboding luckless time; 
Dogs howl'd, and hideous tempests shook down trees; 
The raven rook'd* her on the chimney's top. 
And chattering pies in dismal discords sung. 
Thy mother felt more than a mother's pain, 
And yet brought forth less than a mother's hope; 
To wit, — an indigest deformed lump, 
Not like the fruit of such a goodly tree. 
Teeth hadst thou in thy head, when thou wast born 
To signify, — thou cam'st to bite the world. 

KING RICHARD III. 



ACT I. 

THE DUKE OF GLOSTER ON HIS OWN DEFORMITY 

NOW are our brows bound with victorious wreaths; 

Our bruised arms hung up for monuments; 

Our stern alarums chang'd to merry meetings, 

Our dreadful marches to delightful measures,! 

Grim-visag'd war hath smooth'd his wrinkled front; 

And now, — instead of mounting barbed]: steeds, 

To fright the souls of fearful adversaries, — 

He capers nimbly in a lady's chamber, 

To the lascivious pleasing of a lute. 

But I, — that am not shap'd for sportive tricks, 

Nor made to court an amorous looking glass: 

I, that am rudely stamp'd, and want love's majesty, 

To strut before a wanton ambling nymph; 

I, that am curtail'd of this fair proportion, 

Cheated of feature by dissembling nature, 

Deform'd, unfinish'd, sent before my time 

Into this breathing world, scarce half made up 

And that so lamely and unfashionable, 

* To rook, signified to squat down or lodge on any thing. 
t Dances. t Armed. 



KING RICHARD III. 153 

That dogs bark at me, as I halt by them; — 

Why I, in this weak piping time of peace, 

Have no delight to pass away the time, 

Unless to spy my shadow in the sun, 

And descant on mine own deformity; 

And therefore, — since I cannot prove a lover, 

To entertain these fair well spoken days, — 

I am determined to prove a villain, 

And hate the idle pleasures of these days. 

GLOSTER'S LOVE FOR LADY ANNE. 

Those eyes of thine from mine have drawn salt 

tears, 
Sham'd their aspects with store of childish drops? 
These eyes, which never shed remorseful" tear, — 
Not, when my father York and Edward wept, 
To hear the piteous moan that Rutland made, 
When black-fac'd Clifford shook his sword at him! 
Nor when thy warlike father, like a child, 
Told the sad story of rm T father's death; 
And twenty times made pause, to sob, and weep, 
That all the standers-by had wet their cheeks, 
Like trees bedash'd with rain : in that sad time, 
My manly eyes did scorn an humble tear; 
And what these sorrows could not thence exhale, 
Thy beauty hath, and made them blind with weeping 
I never su'd to friend, nor enemy: 
My tongue could never learn sweet soothing words j 
But now thy beauty is propos'd my fee, 
My proud heart sues, and prompts my tongue to 

speak. 

gloster's praises of his own person, after 
his successful addresses. 

My dukedom to a beggarly denier,f 
I do mistake my person all this while: 
Upon my life, she finds, although I cannot, 
Myself to be a marvellous proper man. 
I'll be at charges for a looking-glass; 
And entertain a score or two of tailors, 
To study fashions to adorn my body: 

* Pitiful. t A small French coin 



154 BEAUTIES OF SHAKSPEARE. 

Since. I am crept in favour with myself, 
I will maintain it with some little cost 

q.ueen makgaret's execrations on gloster. 
The worm of conscience still be-gnaw thy soul! 
Thy friends suspect for traitors while thou liv'st*, 
And take deep traitors for thy dearest friends! 
No sleep close up that deadly eye of thine, 
Unless it be while some tormenting dream 
Affrights thee with a hell of ugly devils! 
Thou elvish mark'd, abortive, rooting hog! 
Thou, that was seal'd in thy nativity 
The slave of nature, and the son of hell! 
Thou slander of thy mother's heavy womb! 
Thou loathed issue of thy father's loins! 
Thou rag of honour! — thou detested— 1 — 

HIGH BIRTH. 

I was born so high, 

Our aierv* buildeth in the cedar's top, 

And dallies with the wind, and scorns the sun. 

gloster's hypocrisy. 
But then I sigh, and, with a piece of scripture 
Tell them — that God bids us do good for evil; 
And thus I clothe my naked villany 
With old odd ends stol'n forth of holy writ 
And seem a saint, when most I play the devil. 

clarence's dream. 
What was your dream, my lord? I pray you, tell 

me. 
Clar. Methought, that I had broken from the 

Tower, 
And w*s embark'd to cross to Burgundy; 
And, in my company, my brother Gloster; 
Who from my cabin tempted me to walk 
Upon the hatches; thence we look'd toward England 8 
And cited up a thousand heavy times, 
During the wars of York and Lancaster 
That had befall'n us. As we pac'd along 
Upon the giddy footing of the hatches, 
Methought that Gloster stumbled; and in falling, 
Struck me, that thought to stay him, overboard, 

* Nest. 



KING RICHARD III. 166 

Into the tumbling billows of the main. 

O Lord: methought what pain it was to drown! 

What dreadful noise of water in mine ears! 

What sights of ugly death within mine eyes! 

Methought I saw a thousand fearful wrecks; 

A thousand men, that fishes gnaw'd upon; 

Wedges of gold, great anchors, heaps of pearl, 

Inestimable stones, unvalued jewels, 

All scatter'd in the bottom of the sea, 

Some lay in dead men's skulls; and, in those holes 

Where eyes did once inhabit, there were crept 

(As 'twere in scorn of eyes,) reflecting gems, 

That woo'd the slimy bottom of the deep, 

And rnock'd the dead bones that lay scatter'd by. 

Brak. Had you such leisure in the time of death, 
To gaze upon these secrets of the deep? 

Clar. Methought, I had: and often did I strive 
To yield the ghost: but still the envious flood 
Kept in my soul, and would not let it forth 
To seek the empty, vast, and wand'ring air: 
But smother'd it within my panting bulk,* 
Which almost burst to belch it in the sea. 

Brak. Awak'd you not with this sore agony? 

Clar. O, no, my dream was lengthen'd after life, 
O, then began the tempest to my soul! 
\ pass'd, methought, the melancholy flood. 
With that grim ferryman which poets write of, 
Unto the kingdom of perpetual night. 
The first that there did greet my stranger soul, 
Was my great father-in-law, renowned Warwick, 
Who cry'd aloud,— What scourge for perjury 
Can this dark monarchy afford false Clarence? 
And so he vanish'd: Then came wand'ring by 
A shadow like an angel, with bright hair 
Dabbled in blood : and he shriek'd out aloud, — 
Clarence is come, — false, fleeting, perjured Clarence^ — 
That stabbed me in the field by Tewksbury; — 
Seize on him, furies, take him to your torments! 
With that, methought, a legion of foul fiends 
Knviron'd me, and howled in mine ears 

* Body. 



156 BEAUTIES OF SHAKSPEARE. 

Such hideous cries, that with the very noise, 
I trembling wak'd, and, for a season after, 
Could not believe but that I was in hell; 
Such terrible impression made my dream. 

Brak. No marvel, lord, though it affrighted you! 
I am afraid, methinks, to hear you tell it. 

Clar. O, Brakenbury, I have done these things — 
That now give evidence against my soul, — 
For Edward's sake: and, see, how he requites me! — 
O God! if my deep prayers cannot appease thee, 
But thou wilt be aveng'd on my misdeeds, 
Vet execute thy wrath on me alone: 
0, spare my guiltless wife, and my poor children! 

SORROW. 

Sorrow breaks seasons, and reposing hours, 
Makes the night morning, and the noon-tide night. 

THE CARES OF GREATNESS. 

Princes have their titles for their glories, 
An outward honour for an inward toil; 
And, for my unfelt imaginations, 
They often feel a world of restless cares: 
So that between their titles and low name, 
There's nothing differs but the outward fame. 
a murderer's account of conscience. 

I'll not meddle with it, it is a dangerous thing, it 
makes a man a coward: a man cannot steal but it 
p.ccuseth him; a man cannot swear, but it checks 
him; a man cannot lie with his neighbour's wife, but 
it detects him; 'Tis a blushing shame-fac'd spirit, 
that mutinies in a man's bosom; it fills one full of ob- 
stacles; it made me once restore a purse of gold, that 
by chance I found; it beggars any man that keeps it; 
it is fumed out of all towns and cities for a dangerous 
thing; and ever}' man, that means to live well, 
endeavours to trust to himself, and live without it. 



ACT II. 

DECEIT. 

Ah, that deceit should steal such gentle shapes, 
And with a virtuous visor hide deep vice! 



KING RICHARD III. 157 

SUBMISSION TO HEAVEN OUR DUTY. 

In common worldly things, 'tis call'd — ungrateful 
With dull unwillingness to repay a debt, 
Which with a bounteous hand was kindly lent; 
Much more to be thus opposite with heaven, 
For it requires the royal debt it lent you. 

THE DUCHESS OF YORK'S LAMENTATION ON THE MIS- 
FORTUNES OF HER FAMILY. 

Duch. Accursed and unquiet wrangling days! 
How many of you have mine eyes beheld? 
My husband lost his life to get the crown; 
And often up and down my sons were tost, 
For me to joy, and weep, their gain, and loss: 
\nd being seated, and domestic broils 
Clean overblown, themselves, the conquerors, 
Make war upon themselves: brother to brother, 
Blood to blood, self 'gainst self; O, preposterous 
And frantic courage, end thy damned spleen; 
Or let me die to look on death no more ! 

ACT III. 

THE VANITY OF TRUST IN MAN. 

O momentary grace of mortal men, 
Which we more hunt for than the grace of God! 
Who builds his hope in air of your fair looks, 
Lives like a drunken sailor on a mast: 
Ready, with every nod, to tumble down 
Into the fatal bowels of the deep. 

CONTEMPLATION. 

When holy and devout religious men 
Are at their beads, 'tis hard to draw them thence; 
So sweet is zealous contemplation. 

ACT IV. 

DESCRIPTION OF THE MURDER OF THE TWO YOUlffl 

PRINCES IN THE TOWER. 

The tyrannous and bloody act is done; 
The most arch deed of piteous massacre, 
That ever yet this land was guilty of. 
14 



158 BEAUTIES OF SHAKSPEARE. 

Dighton, and Forrest, whom I did suborn 
To do this piece of ruthless* butchery, 
Albeit they were flesh'd villains, bloody dogs, 
Melting with tenderness and mild compassion, 
Wept like two children, in their death's sad story. 

thus quoth Dighton, lay the gentle babes, — 
Thus, thus, quoth Forrest girdling one another 
Within their alabaster innocent arms; 

Their lips were four red roses on a stalk, 

Which, in their summer beauty, kissed each other, 

A book of prayers on their pillow lay; 

Which once, quoth Forrest, almost changed my mind; 

But, O, the Devil— there the villain stopp'd; 

When Dighton thus told on, — we smothered 

The most replenished sweet work of nature, 

That from the prime creation, e'er she framed. — 

Hence both are gone with conscience and remorse, 

They coujd not speak; and so I left them both, 

To bear this tidings to the bloody king. 

EXPEDITION. 

Come, — I have learn'd, that fearful commenting 
Is leaden servitor to dull delay; 
Delay leads impotent and snail-pac'd beggary: 
Then fiery expedition be my wing, 
Jove's Mercury, and herald for a king! 

q.ueen Margaret's exprobation. 

I call'd thee then, vain flourish of my fortune; 

1 call'd thee then, poor shadow, painted queen: 
The presentation of but what I was, 

The flattering indexf of a direful pageant, 
One heav'd a high to be hurl'd down below: 
A mother only mock'd with two fair babes; 
A dream of wdiat thou wast; a garish % flag, 
To be the aim of every dangerous shot; 
A sign of dignity, a breath, a bubble, 
A queen in jest, only to fill the scene. 

* Merciless. 

t Indexes were anciently placed at the beginning of 
books. % Flaring. 



KING RICHARD III. 159 

Where is thy husband now ? Where be thy brothers? 
Where be thy two sons? wherein dost thou joy? 
Who sues, and kneels, and says — God save the queen ? 
Where be the bending peers that flatter'd thee? 
Where be the thronging troops that follow'd thee? 
Decline all this and see what now thou art. 
For happy wife, a most distressed widow; 
For joyful mother, one that wails the name; 
For one being sued to one that humbly sues: 
For queen, a very caitiff crown'd with care; 
For one that scorn'd at me, now scorn'd of me; 
For one being fear'dof all, now fearing one; 
For one commanding all, obey'd of none. 
Thus hath the course of justice wheel'd about, 
And left thee but a very prey to time; 
Having no more but thought of what thou wert, 
To torture thee the more, being what thou art. 

CHARACTER OF KING RICHARD BY HIS MOTHER. 

Techy* and wayward was thy infancy; 
Thy school-days, frightful, desperate, wild, and furi- 
ous; 
Thy prime of manhood, daring, bold, and venturous; 
Thy age confirm'd, proud, subtle, sly, and bloody 

ACT V. 

HOPE. 

True hope is swift, and flies with swallow's wings, 
Kings it makes gods, and meaner creatures kings. 

A FINE EVENING. 

The weary sun hath made a golden set, 
And, by the bright tract of his fiery car, 
Gives token of a goodly day to-morrow. 

DAY BREAK. 

The silent hours steal on, 
And flaky darkness breaks within the east. 

RICHMOND'S PRAYER. 

O thou! whose captain I account myself, 
liookon my forces with a gracious eye; 
♦Touchy, fretful. 



160 BEAUTIES OF SIIAKSPEARE. 

Put in their hands thy bruising irons of wrath, 
That they may crush down with a heavy fall 
The usurping helmets of our adversaries! 
Make us thy ministers of chastisement, 
That we may praise thee in thy victory ! 
To thee I do commend my watchful soul, 
Ere I let fall the windows of mine eyes; 
Sleeping, and waking, O, defend me still! 

RICHARD STARTING OUT OF HIS DREAM- 

Give me another horse, — bind up my wounds,— 
Have mercy, Jesu! — Soft; I did but dream. — 

coward conscience, how dost thou afflict me' — 
The light burns blue. — It is now dead midnight 
Cold fearful drops stand on my trembling flesh. 
What do I fear? myself? 

CONSCIENCE. 

Conscience is but a word that cowards use, 
Devis'd at first to keep the strong in awe. 

Richard's address before the battle. 

A thousand hearts are great within my bosom: 
Advance our standards, set upon our foes; 
Our ancient word of courage, fair Saint George, 
Inspire us with the spleen of fiery Dragons! 
Upon them! Victory sits on our helms. 

Richard's behaviour after an alarum. 
A horse! a horse! my kingdom for a horse! 
Cate. Withdraw, my lord, I'll help you to ahorsf 
K. Rich. Slave, I have set my life upon a cast. 
And I will stand the hazard of the die: 

1 think, there be six Richmonds in the field; 
Five have I slain to-day, instead of him: — 
A horse! a horse! my kingdom for a horse! 



KING HENRY VIII. 



ACT I. 



ANGER. 

TO climb steep hills, 
Requires slow pace at first: Anger is like 



KING HENRY VIII. 161 

A full hot-horse; who being allow'd his way, 
Self-mettle tires him. 

ACTION TO BE CARRIED ON WITH RESOLUTION. 

If I am traduc'd by tongues, which neither know 
My faculties, nor person, yet will be 
The Chronicles of my doing, — let me say, 
'Tis but the fate of place, and the rough brake* 
That virtue must go through. We must not stintf 
Our necessary actions, in the fear 
To copej malicious censurcrs; which ever, 
As ravenous fishes do a vessel follow 
That is new trimm'd; but benefit no further 
Than vainly longing. What we oft do best, 
By sick interpreters, once§ weak ones, is 
Not ours, or not allow'd :|| what worst as oft, 
Hitting a grosser quality, is cried up 
For our best act. If we shall stand still, 
In fear our motion will be mock'd or carp'd at, 
We should take root here where we sit, or sit 
State statues only. 

NEW CUSTOMS. 

New customs, 
Though they be never so ridiculous, 
Nay, let them be unmanly, yet are follow'd. 

ACT II. 

THE DUKE OF BUCKINGHAM'S PRAYER FOR THE KINO. 

May he live 
Longer than I have time to tell his years! 
Ever belov'd, and loving, may his rule be! 
And when old time shall lead him to his end, 
Goodness and he fill up one monument! 

DEPENDENTS NOT TO EE TOO MUCH TRUSTED B¥ 
GREAT MEN. 

This from a dying man receive as certain : 
Where you are liberal of your loves, and counsels, 
Be sure, you be not loose: for those you make friends 

* Thicket of thorns. f Retard. $ Encounter 

§ Sometime. I! Approved 



162 BEAUTIES OF SHAKSPEARE. 

And give your hearts to, when they once perceive 
The least rub in your fortunes, fall away 
Like water from ye, never found again 
But where they mean to sink ye, 

A GOOD WIFE. 

A loss of her, 
That, like a jewel, has hung twenty years 
About his neck, yet never lost her lustre; 
Of her, that loves him with that excellence 
That angels love good men with; even of her 
That, when the greatest stroke of fortune falls, 
Will bless the king. 

THE BLESSINGS OF A LOW STATION. 

'Tis better to be lowly born, 
And range with humble livers in content, 
Than to be perk'd up in a glistering grief, 
And wear a golden sorrow. 

queen Katharine's speech to her husband 

Alas, sir, 
In what have I offended you? what cause 
Hath my behaviour given to your displeasure, 
That thus you should proceed to put me off, 
And take your good grace from me? Heaven witness, 
I have been to you a true and humble wife, 
A.t all times to your will conformable: 
Ever in fear to kindle your dislike, 
Yea, subject to your countenance: glad, or sorry, 
As I saw it inclin'd. When was the hour, 
I ever contradicted your desire, 
Or made it not mine too? Or which of your friends 
Have I not strove to love, although I knew 
He were mine enemy? what friend of mine 
That had to him deriv'd your anger, did I 
Continue in mine liking? nay, gave notice 
He was from thence discharg'd? Sir, call to mind 
That I have been your wife, in this obedience, 
Upward of twenty years, and have been blest 
With many children by you: If, in the course 
And process of this time, you can report, 
And prove it too, against mine honour aught. 
My bond to wedlock, or my love and duty, 



KING HENRY VIII. 163 

Against your sacred person, in God's name, 
Turn me away; and let the foul'st contempt 
Shut door upon me, and so give me up 
To the sharpest kind of justice. 
q,ueen Katharine's speech to cardinal wolsey. 

You are meek, and humble mouth'd; 
You sign your place and calling, in full seeming,* 
With meekness and humility: but your heart 
Is cramm'd with arrogancy, spleen and pride. 
You have, by fortune, and his highness' favours 
Gone slightly o'er high steps; and now are mounted 
Where powers are your retainers: and your words, 
Domestics to you, serve your will, as't please 
Yourself pronounce their office. I must tell you, 
You tender more your person's honour, than 
Your high profession spiritual. 

KING HENRY'S CHARACTER OP QUEEN KATHARINE. 

That man i' the world, who shall report he has 
A better wife, let him in nought be trusted, 
For speaking false in that; Thou art, alone, 
(If thy rare qualities, sweet gentleness, 
Thy meekness saint-like, wife-like government, - 
Obeying in commanding, — and thy parts 
Sovereign and pious else, could speak thee out,)f 
The queen of earthly queens. 

ACT III. 

QUEEN KATHARINE ON HER OWN MERIT. 

Have I liv'd thus long — (let me speak myself, 
Since virtue finds no friends,) — a wife, a true one? 
A woman (I dare say without vain glory,) 
Never yet branded with suspicion? 
Have I with all my full affections 
Still met the king? lov'd him next heav'n? obey'dhim? 
Been, out of fondness, superstitious to him?J 
Almost forgot my prayers to content him? 
And am I thus rewarded? 'tis not well, lords. 

* Appearance. t Speak out thy merits. 
t Served him with superstitious attention. 



164 BEAUTIES OF SHAKSPEARE. 

Bring me a constant woman to her husband, 
One that ne'er dream'd a joy beyond his pleasure, 
And to that woman when she has done most, 
Yet will I add an honour. — a great patience. 

Q.UEEN KATHARINE COMPARED TO A LILY. 

Like the lily, 
That once was mistress of the field, and flourish'd 
Til hang my head, and perish. 

OBEDIENCE TO PRINCES. 

The hearts of princes kiss obedience, 
So much they love it : but to stubborn spirits, 
They swell, and grow as terrible as r torms. 

OUTWARD EFFECTS OF HORROR. 

Some strange commotion 
Is in his brain: he bites his lip, and starts; 
Stops on a sudden, looks upon the ground, 
Then, lays his finger on his temple; straight, 
Springs out into fast gait:* then stops again, 
Strikes his breast hard: and anon, he casts 
His eye against the moon : in most strange postures 
We have seen him set himself. 

FIRM ALLEGIANCE. 

Though perils did 
Abound, as thick as thought could make them, and 
Appear in forms more horrid; yet my duty, 
As doth a rock against the chiding flood, 
Should the approach of this wild river break, 
And stand unshaken yours. 

EXTERNAL EFFECTS OF ANGER. 

What sudden anger's this? how have I reap'd it? 
Ee parted frowning from me, as if ruin 
Leap'd from his eyes: So looks the chafed lion 
Upon the daring huntsman that has gall'd him; 
Then makes him nothing. 

FALLING GREATNESS. 

Nay then, farewell! 
I have touch'd the highest point of all my greatness, 
And, from that full meridian of my glory, 

* Steps. 



KING HENRY VIII. 165 

I haste now to my setting: I shall fall 
Like a bright exhalation in the evening, 
And no man see me more. 

THE VICISSITUDES OF LIFE. 

So farewell to the little good you bear me, 
Farewell, a long farewell, to all my greatness! 
This is the state of man; To-day he puts forth 
The tender leaves of hope, to-morrow blossoms, 
And bears his blushing honours thick upon him: 
The third day, comes a frost, a killing frost; 
And, — when he thinks, good easy man, full surely 
His greatness is a ripening, — nips his loot, 
And then he falls, as I do. I have ventur'd, 
Like little wanton boys that swim on bladders 
Thismary summers in a sea of glory; 
But far beyond my depth: my high-blown pride 
At length broke under me; and now hast left me, 
Weary, and old with service, to the mercy 
Of a rude stream, that must forever hide me. 
Vain pomp, and glory of this world, I hate ye: 
I feel my heart new open'd; O, how wretched 
Is that poor man, that hangs on princes' favours! 
There is, betwixt that smile we would aspire to, 
That sweet aspect of princes, and their ruin, 
More pangs and fears than wars or women have; 
And when he falls, he falls like Lucifer, 
Never to hope again. 

CARDINAL WOLSEY'S SPEECH TO CROMWELL. 

Cromwell, I did not think to shed a tear 
In all my miseries; But thou hast forc'd me 
Out of thy honest truth to play the woman. 
Let's dry 'our eyes: and thus far hear me, Cromwell; 
And, — when I am forgotten, as I shall be; 
And sleep in dull cold marble, where no mention 
Of mc more must be heard of,— say, I taught thee, 
Say, Wolsev, — that once trod the ways of glory, 
And sounded all the depths and shoals of honour, — 
Found thee a way, out of his wreck, to rise in; 
A sure and safe one, though thy master miss'd it. 
Mark but my fall, and that that ruin'd me. 
Cromwell, I charge thee, fling away ambition; 



166 BEAUTIES OF SHAKSPEARE. 

By that sin fell the angels, how can man then, 

The image of his Maker hope to win by't? 

Love thyself last: cherish those hearts that hate thee, 

Corruption wins not more than honesty. 

Still in thy right hand carry gentle peace, 

To silence envious tongues. Be just, and fear not* 

Let all the ends thou aim'st at, he thv country's, 

Thy God's and truth's; then if thou fall'st, O Crom- 

Thou fall'st a blessed martyr. Serve the king; [well, 

And, — Pr'ythee, lead me in : 

There take an inventory of all I have, 

To the last penny: 'tis the king's: my robe, 

And my integrity to heaven, is all 

I dare now call mine own. O Cromwell, Cromwell, 

Had I but serv'd my God with half the zeal 

I serv'd my king, he would not in mine age 

Have left me naked to mine enemies. 

ACT IV. 

APPLAUSE. 

Such a noise arose 
As the shrouds make at sea in a stiff tempest, 
As loud, and to as many tunes: hats, cloaks, 
(Doublets, I think,) flew up; and had their faces 
Been loose, this day they had been lost. Such joy 
I never saw before. Great-bellied women, 
That had not half a week to go, like rams 
In the old time of war, would shake the press, 
And make them reel before them. No man living 
Could say, This is my wife, there; all were woven 
So strangely in one piece. 

CARDINAL WOLSEY'S DEATH. 

At last, with easy roads,* he came to Leicester, 
Lodg'd in the abbey; where the reverend abbot, 
With all his convent, honourably receiv'd him; 
To whom he gave these words, — O, father abbot, 
An old man, broken with the storms of state, 
Is come to lay his weary bones among ye; 
Give him a little earth for charity! 

* By short stages. 



KING HENRY VIII. 167 

So went to bed: where eagerly his sickness 
Pursu'd him still; and, three nights after this, 
About the hour of eight, (which he himself 
Foretold, should be his last,) full of repentance, 
Continual meditations, tears, and sorrows, 
He gave his honours to the world again, 
His blessed part to heaven, and slept in peace. 

wolsey's vices and virtues. 

So may he rest: his faults lay gently on him! 
Yet thus far, Griffith, give me leave to speak him, 
And yet with charity, — He was a man 
Of an unbounded stomach,* ever ranking 
Himself with princes; one, that by suggestion 
Try'd all the kingdom: simony was fair play; 
His own opinion was his law: I' the presencef 
He would say untruths; and be ever double, 
Both in his words and meaning: He was never, 
But where he meant to ruin, pitiful: 
His promises were, as he then was, mighty; 
But his performance, as he is now, nothing. 
Of his own body he was ill, and gave 
The clergy ill example. 

Grif. Noble madam, 

Men's evil manners live in brass; their virtues 

We write in water. 

* * * • * 

This cardinal, 
Though from an humble stock, undoubtedly 
Was fashion'd to| much honour. From his cradle, 
He was a scholar, and a ripe, and good one; 
Exceeding wise, fair spoken and persuading; 
Lofty, and sour, to them that lov'd him not; 
But, to those men that sought him, sweet as summer. 
And though he were unsatisfied in getting, 
(Which was a sin,) yet in bestowing, madam, 
He was most princely: Ever witness for him 
Those twins of learning, that he rais'd in you, 
Ipswich, and Oxford! one§ of which fell with him, 
Unwilling to outlive the good that did it; 

* Price. t Of the king. X Formed for. § Ipswich. 



163 BEAUTIES OF SHAKSPEARE. 

The other, though unfinish'd, yet sc famous, 

So excellent in art, and still so rising, 

That Christendom shall ever speak his virtue. 

His overthrow heap'd happiness upon him; 

For then, and not till then, he felt himself, 

And found the blessedness of being little; 

And, to add greater honours to his age 

Than man could give him, he died, fearing God, 



ACT V. 

MALICIOUS MEN. 

Men, that make 
Envy, and crooked malice, nourishment, 
Dare bite the best. 

A CHURCHMAN. 

Love, and meekness, lord, 
Become a churchman, better than ambition; 
Win straying souls with modesty again 
Cast none away. 

INHUMANITY. 

'Tis a cruelty, 
To load a falling man. 

ARCHBISHOP CRANMER>S PROPHECY 

Let me speak, sir, 
For heaven now bids me; and the words I utter 
Let none think flattery, for they'll find them truth 
This royal infant, (heaven still move about her!) 
Though in her cradle, yet now promises 
Upon this land a thousand thousand blessings, 
Which time shall bring to ripeness: She shall be 
(But few now living can behold that goodness,) 
A pattern to all princes living with her, 
And all that shall succeed: Sheba was never 
More covetous of wisdom, and fair virtue, 
Than this pure soul shall be : all princely graces, 
That mould up such a mighty piece as this is, 
With all the virtues that attend the good, 
Shall still be doubled on her: truth shall nurse her, 
Holy and heavenly thoughts still counsel her: 



KING HENRY VIII. 169 

She shall be lov'd, and fear'd; Her own shall bless 

her: 
Her foes shake like a field of beaten corn, 
And hang their heads with sorrow: Good grows 

with her: 
In her days, every man shall eat in safety 
Under his own vine, what he plants; and sing 
The merry songs of peace to all his neighbours: 
God shall be truly known; and those about her 
From her shall read the perfect ways of honour, 
And by those claim their greatness, not by blood. 
Nor shall this peace sleep with her: But as when 
The bird of wonder dies, the maiden phoenix, 
Her ashes new create another heir 
As great in admiration as herself; 
So shall she leave her blessedness to one, 
(When heaven shall call her from this cloud of dark- 
ness,) 
Who, from the sacred ashes of her honour, 
Shall star-like rise, as great in fame as she was, 
And so stand fix'd: Peace, plenty, love, truth, terror, 
That were the servants lo this chosen infant, 
Shall then be his, and like a vine grow to him; 
Wherever the bright sun of heaven shall shine, 
His honour, and the greatness of his name 
Shall be, and make new nations: He shall flourish, 
And, like a mountain cedar, reach his branches 

To all the plains about him: Our children's 

children 
Shall see this, and bless heaven. 



BEAUTIES 

OF 

SHAKSPEARE. 

PART III. 



TRAGEDIES. 

ANTONY AND CLEOPATRA. 

ACT I. 

LOVE THE NOBLENESS OF LIFE. 

LET Rome in Tiber melt ! and the wide arch 
Of the rang'd empire fall! Here is my space; 
Kingdoms are clay; our dungy earth alike 
Feeds beast as man: the nobleness of life, 
Is, to do thus; when such a mutual pair, 



And such a twain can do't, in which, I bind, 

On pain of punishment, the world to weet.* 

We stand up peerless, 

Why did he marry Fulvia, and not love her? — 

I'll seem the fool I am not; Antony 

Will be himself. 

Jlnt. But stirr'd by Cleopatra, — 

Now, for the love of Love, and her soft hours. 

ANTONY'S VICES AND VIRTUES. 

I must not think, there are 
Evils enough to darken all his goodness 
His faults, in him, seem as the spots of heaven, 
More fiery by night's blackness; hereditary, 
Rather than purchas'djf what he cannot change, 
Than what he chooses. 

* Know. f Procured by his own fault. 



ANTONY AND CLEOPATRA. 171 

Cces. You are too indulgent: Let us grant it is not 
Amiss to tumble on the bed of Ptolemy; 
To give a kingdom for a mirth; to sit 
And keep the turn of tippling with a slave; 
To reel the streets at noon, and stand the buffet 
With knaves that smell of sweat: say, this becomes 

him, 
(As his composure must be rare indeed, 
Whom these things cannot blemish,) yet must 

Antony 
No way excuse his soils, when we do bear 
So great weight in his lightness.* If he fill'd 
His vacancy with his voluptuousness, 
Full surfeits, and the drj^ness of his bones, 
Call on himf for't: but, to confound^ such time, 
That drums him from his sport, and speaks as loud 
As his own state, and ours, — 'tis to be chid 
As we rate boys; who, being mature in knowledge, 
Pawn their experience to their present pleasure, 
And so rebel to judgment. 
Antony, 

Leave thy lascivious wassals.§ When thou once 
Wast beaten from Modena, where thou slew'st 
Hirtius and Pansa, consuls, at thy heel 
Did fame follow; whom thou fought'st against, 
Though daintily brought up, with patience more 
Than savages could suffer: Thou didst drink 
The stalej] of horses, and the gilded puddlelf 
Which beasts would cough at: thy palate then did 

deign 
The roughest berry on the rudest hedge; 
Yea, like the stag, when snow the pasture sheets, 
The barks of trees thou browsed'st; on the Alps 
It is reported, thou did'st eat strange flesh, 
Which some did die to look on : and all this 
(It wounds thine honour, that I speak it now,) 
Was borne so like a soldier, that thy cheek 
So much as lank'd not. 

* Levity. t Visit him. t Consume. 

§ Feastings: in the old copy it is vaissailes, i. e. vassals. 

H Urine. IT Stagnant, slimy water. 



172 BEAUTIES OF SHAKSPEARE. 

CLEOPATRA'S SOLICITUDE ON THE ABSENCE OF 
ANTONY. 

O Charmian, 
Where thinkst thou he is now? Stands he, or sits he? 
Or does he walk? or is he on his horse? 
O happy horse, to bear the weight of Antony ! 
Do bravely, horse! for wot'st thou whom thou 

mov'st? * 
The demi- Atlas of this earth, the arm 
And burgonet* of men. — He's speaking now, 
Or murmuring Where's my serpent of Old Nile? 
For so he calls me : Now I feed myself 
With most delicious poison: — Think on me, 
That am with Phoebus' amorous pinches black, 
And wrinkled deep in time? Broad-fronted Cesar, 
When thou wast here above the ground, I was 
A morsel for a monarch: and great Pompey 
Would stand, and make his eyes grow in my brow: 
There would he anchor his aspect, and die 
With his looking on his life. 



ACT II. 

THE VANITY OF HUMAN WISHES. 

We, ignorant of ourselves, 
Begin often our own harms, which the wise powers 
Deny us for our good; so find we profit, 
By losing of our prayers. 

DESCRIPTION OF CLEOPATRA SAILING DOWN THE 
CYDNUS. 

The barge she sat in* like a burnish'd throne, 
J3urn'd on the water: the poop was beaten gold; 
Purple the sails, and so perfumed, that 
The winds were love-sick with them: the oars were 

silver; 
Which to the tune of flutes kept stroke, and made 
The water which they beat, to follow faster, 
As amorous of their strokes. For her own person, 
It beggar'd all description : she did lie 

* A Helmet. 



ANTONY AND CLEOPATRA. 173 

In her pavilion, (cloth of gold, of tissue,) 
O'er picturing that Venus, where we see, 
The fancy out-work nature: on each side her 
Stood pretty dimpled boys, like smiling Cupids, 
With diverse coloured fans, whose wind did seem 
To glow the delicate cheeks which they did cool, 
And what they undid, did.* 

JLgr. O, rare for Antony. 

Eno. lier gentlewoman, like the Nereides, 
So many mermaids, tended her i' the eyes, 
And made their bends adornings. at the helm 
A seeming mermaid steers; the silken tackle 
Swell with the touches of those flower-soft hands, 
That yearly framef the office. From the barge 
A strange invisible perfume hits the sense 
Of the adjacent wharfs. The city cast 
Her people out upon her; and Antony, 
Enthron'd in the market-place, did sit alone, 
Whistling to the air; which, but for vacancy, 
Had gone to gaze on Cleopatra too, 
And made a gap in nature. 

CLEOPATRA'S INFINITE POWER IN PLEASING. 

Age cannot wither her, nor custom stale 
Her infinite variety: Other women 
Cloy the appetites they feed; but she makes hungry 
Where most she satisfies. For vilest things 
Become themselves in her; that the holy priests 
Bless her, when she's riggish.J 

THE UNSETTLED HUMOURS OF LOVERS. 

Enter Cleopatra, Charmian, Iras, and Alexas 

Cleo. Give me some music; music, moody§ food 
Of us that trade in love. 

Attend. The music, ho! 

Enter Mardian. 

Cleo. Let it alone; let us to billiards: 
Come, Charmian. 

Char. My arm is sore, best play with Mardian. 

Cleo . As well a woman with an eunucn play'd 
As with a woman : — Come you'll play with me, sir/ 

* Added to the warmth they were intended to diminish 

t Readily perform. X Wanton. § Melancholy. 
15* 



174 BEAUTIES OF SKAKSPEARE. 

Mar. As well as I can, madam. 

Cleo. And when good will is show'd, though it 
come too short, 
The actor may plead pardon. I'll none now: — 
Give me mine angle, — We'll to the river: there, 
My music playing far off, I will betray 
Tawny finn'd fishes; my bended hook shall pierce 
Their slim} r jaws; and, as I draw them up, 
I'll think them every one an Antony, 
And say, Ah! ah! you're caught. 

Char. 'Twas merry, when 

You wager'd on your angling; when your diver 
Did hang a salt fish on his hook, which he 
With fervency drew up. 

Cleo. That time !— O times !— ■ 

I laugh'd him out of patience; and that night 
I laugh'd him into patience; and next morn, 
Ere the ninth hour, I drunk him to his bed; 
Then put my tires* and mantles on him, whilst 
I wore his sword Philippan. 

ACT III. 

AMBITION JEALOUS OF A TOO SUCCESSFUL FRIEND. 

O Silius, Silius, 
I have done enough: A lower place, note well, 
May make too great an act : For learn this, Silius; 
Better leave undone, than by our deed acquire 
Too high a fame, when him we serve's away. 

WHAT OCTAVIA'S ENTRANCE SHOULD HAVE BEEN. 

Why have you stol'n upon us thus? You come not 
Like Cesar's sister: The wife of Antony 
Should have an army for an usher, and 
The neighs of horse to tell of her approach, 
Long ere she did appear; the trees by the way, 
Should have borne men; and expectation fainted, 
Longing for what it had not: nay the dust 
Should have ascended to the roof of heaven, 
Rais'd by your populous troops: But you are come 
A market-maid to Rome: and have prevented 

* Head-dress. 



ANTONY AND CLEOPATRA. £75 

The ostent* of our love, which, left unshown 
Is often left unlov'd : we should have met you 
By sea, and land; supplying every stage 
With an augmented greeting. 

WOMEN. 

Women are not, 
In their best fortunes, strong; but want will perjure 
The ne'er touch'd vestal. 

FORTUNE FORMS OUR JUDGMENTS. 

I see men's judgments are 
A parcelf of their fortunes: and things outward 
Do draw the inward quality after them, 
To suffer all alike. 

LOYALTY. 

Mine honesty, and I, begin to square.^ 
The loyalty, well held to fools, does make 
(\p.r faith mere folly: — Yet he that can endure 
To follow with allegiance a fallen lord, 
Does conquer him that did his master conquer, 
And earns a place i' the story. 

WISDOM SUPERIOR TO FORTUNE. 

Wisdom and fortune combating together, 
If that the former dare but what it can, 
No chance may shake it. 

VICIOUS PERSONS INFATUATED BY HEAVEN 

Good, my lord, — 
But when we in our viciousness grow hard, 
(O misery on't!) the wise gods seal§ our eyes; 
In our own filth, drop our clear judgments, make us 
Adore our errors; laugh at us, while we strut 
To our confusion. 

FURY EXPELS FEAR. 

Now he'll out-stare the lightning. To be furious 
Is to be frighted out of fear: and in that mood, 
The dove will peck the estridge;|| and I see still, 
A diminution in our captain's brain 
Restore his heart : When valour preys on reason, 
It eats the sword it fights with. 

* Show, token. t Are of a piece with them, 

t Quarrel. § Close up. || Ostrich. 



176 BEAUTIES OF SHAKSPEARE. 

ACT IV. 

A MASTER TAKING LEAVE OF HIS SERVANTS. 

Tend me to-night; 
May be it is the period of your duty: 
Haply,* you shall not see me more; or if, 
A mangled shadow, perchance, to-morrow 
You'll serve another master. I look on you, 
As one that takes his leave. Mine honest friends, 

turn you not away; but, like a master 
Married to your good service, stay till death: 
Tend me to-night two hours, I ask no more. 
And the gods yieldf you for't! 

EARLY RISING THE WAY TO EMINENCE. 

This morning, like a spirit of a youth 
That means to be of note, begins betimes. 

ANTONY TO CLEOPATRA, AT HIS RETURN WITH 
VICTORY. 

O thou day o' the world, 
Chain mine arm'd neck: leap thou, attire and all, 
Through proof of harness^ to my heart, and there 
Ride on the pants triumphing. 

LOATHED LIFE. 

sovereign mistress of true melancholy, 
The poisonous damp of night disponge§ upon me; 
That life, a very rebel of my will, 
May hang no longer on me. 

antony's despondency. 

O sun, thy uprise shall I see no more: 
Fortune and Antony part here; even here 
Do we shake hands. — All come to this? — The hearts 
That spaniel'd me at heels, to whom I gave 
Their wishes, do discandy, melt their sweets 
On blossoming Cesar; and this pine is bark'd, 
That overtopp'd them all. 

DEPARTING GREATNESS. 

The soul and body rive|| not more in parting 
Than greatness going off. 

* Perhaps. t Reward. t Armour of proof. 

§ Discharge, as a sponge when squeezed discharges the 
uoisture it has imbibed. II Split. 



ANTONY AND CLEOPATRA. 171 

ANTONY'S REFLECTIONS ON HIS FADED GLORT. 

Sometime, we see a cloud that's dragonish: 
A vapour, sometimes, like a bear, or lion, 
A tower'd citadel, a pendant rock, 
A forked mountain, or blue promontory 
With trees upon't, that nod unto the world, 
And mock our eyes with air: Thou hast seen the§e 

signs; 
They are black vesper's pageants. 

Eros. Ay, my lord. 

Ant. That, which is now a horse, even with a 
thought, 
The rack* dislimns; and makes it indistinct, 
As water is in water. 

Eros. It does, my lord. 

Ant. My good knavef Eros, now thy captain is 
Even such a body; here I am Antony; 
\Tet cannot hold this visible shape, my knave. 
I made these wars for Egypt; and the queen, 
Whose heart, I thought, I had, for she had mine: 
Which, while it was mine, had annex'd unto't 
A million more, now lost, — she, Eros, has 
Pack'd cards with Cesar, and false play'd my glory 
Unto an enemy's triumph. — 
Nay, weep not, gentle Eros; there is left us 
Ourselves to end ourselves. 

DESCRIPTION OF CLEOPATRA'S SUPPOSED DEATH. 

Death of one person can be paid but once; 
And that she has discharged: What thou would'st do. 
Is done unto thy hand; the last she spake 
Was Antony ! most noble Antony ! 
Then in the midst a tearing groan did break 
The name of Antony; it was divided 
Between her heart and lips: she render'd life, 
Thy name so buried in her. 

CLEOPA.TRA'S REFLECTIONS ON THE DEATH OF 
ANTONY. 

It were for me 
To throw my sceptre at the injurious gods; 

* The fleeting clouds. t Servant. 



178 BEAUTIES OF SHAKSPEARE. 

To tell them, that this world did equal theirs, 

Till they had stolen our jewel. All's but naught: 

Patience is sottish; and impatience does 

Become a dog that's mad: Then is it sin, 

To rush into the secret house of death. 

Ere death dare come to us? — How do you, women? 

What, what? good cheer ? Why, how now, Chai 

mian ? 
My noble girls! — Ah, women, women! look, 
Our lamp is spent, it's out; — Good sirs, take heart: — 
We'll bury him: and then, what's brave, what's noblcj 
Let's do it after the high Roman fashion, 
And make death proud to take us. Come, away: 
This case of that huge spirit now is cold. 

ACT V. 

DEATH. 

My desolation does begin to make 
A better life: 'Tis paltry to be Cesar; 
Not being fortune, he's but fortune's knave,* 
A minister of her will: And it is great 
To do that thing that ends all other deeds; 
Which shackles accidents, and bolts up change; 
Which sleeps, and never palates more the dung, 
The beggar's nurse and Cesar's. 

CLEOPATRA'S DREAM, AND DESCRIPTION OF ANTONY. 

Cleo. I dream'd, there was an emperor Antony;— 
O, such another sleep, that I might see 
But such another man! 
Dol. If it might please you, — 

Cleo. His face was as the heavens; and therein stuck 
A sun, and moon; which kept their course, and 

lighted 
The little O, the earth. 

Dol. Most sovereign creature, — 

Cleo. His legs bestrid the ocean : his rear'd arm 
Crested the world: his voice was propertied 
As all the tuned spheres, and that to friends: 

* Servant 



(By 

m 



m If; i . H 

11 I 




JLi^©^^ J&5®m @su%m?j£3mjs^ 



Cleopatra. His face was as the heavens. 
Act V. Sc, 1. 



m 



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I 






imiWimiMiMiMimiMm 



ANTONY AND CLEOPATRA. 179 

But when he meant to quail* and shake the orb, 
He was as rattling thunder. For his bounty, 
There was no winter in't; an autumn 'twas, 
That greAV the more by reaping: His delights 
Were dolphin-like; they show'd his back above 
The element they lived in : In his livery 
Walk'd crowns, and crownets; realms and islands 

were 
As platesf dropp'd from his pocket. 

FIRM RESOLUTION. 

How poor an instrument 
May do a noble deed ! he brings me liberty. 
My resolution's plac'd, and I have nothing 
Of woman in me: Now from head to foot 
I am marble-constant : now the fleeting! moon 
No planet is of mine. 

CLEOPATRA'S SPEECH ON APPLYING THE ASP. 

Give me my robe, put on my crown; I have 
Immortal longings in me: Now no more 
The juice of Egypt's grape shall moist this lip: — 
Yare, yare,§ good Iras; quick. — Methinks, I hear 
Antony call; I see him rouse himself 
To praise my noble act; I hear him mock 
The luck of Cesar, which the gods give men 
To excuse their after wrath: Husband, I come: 
Now to that name my courage prove my title! 
I am fire, and air; my other elements 
I give to baser life. — So, — have you done? 
Come, then, and take the last warmth of my lips. 
Farewell, kind Charmian; — Iras, long farewell. 
Have I the aspic in my lips? Dost fall? 
If thou and nature can so gently part, 
The stroke of death is as a lover's pinch, 
Which hurts and is desir'd. Dost thou lie still? 
If thus thou vanishest, thou tell'st the world 
It is not worth leave-taking. 

Char. Dissolve, thick cloud, and rain; that I may 
say, 

* Crush. f Silver money. X Inconstant. 
§ Make haste. 



180 BEAUTIES OF SHAKSPEARE. 

The gods themselves do weep ! 

Cleo. This proves me base : 

If she first meet the curled Antony, 
He'll make demands of her; and spend that kiss, 
Which is my heaven to have. Come, mortal wretch, 
[ To the asp, which she applies to her breast. 
With thy sharp teeth, this knot intrinsicate 
Of life at once untie: poor venomous fool, 
Be angry, and despatch. O, could'st thou speak! 
That I might hear thee call great Cesar, ass 
Unpolicied!* 

Char. O eastern star! 

Cleo. Peace, peace! 

Dost thou not see my baby at my breast, 
That sucks the nurse asleep ? 

Char. O, break! O, break. 

Cleo. As sweet as balm, as soft as air, as gentle, — 
O Antony! — Nay, I will take thee too: — 

[Applying another asp to her arm. 
What should I stay — [Falls on a bed, and dies. 

Char. In this wild world? — So, fare thee well.— 
Now boast thee, death! in thy possession lies 
A lass unparallel'd. 



CORIOLANUS. 



ACT I. 

A MOB. 

WHAT would you have, you curs, 
That like nor peace, nor war? the one affrights yoiv, 
The other makes you proud. He that trusts you, 
Where he should find you lions, finds you hares; 
Where foxes, geese: You are no surer, no, 
Than is the coal of fire upon the ice, 
Or hailstone in the sun. Your virtue is, 
To make him worthy, whose offence subdues him, 
And curse that justice did it. Who deserves great- 
ness, 

* Unpolitic to leave me to myself. 



CORIOLANUS. 181 

(Deserves your hate, and your affections are 

A sick man's appetite, who desires most that 

Which would increase his evil. He that depends 

Upon your favours, swims with fins of lead, 

And hews down oaks with rushes. Hang ye ! Trust 

ye? 
With every minute you do change a mind; 
And call him noble, that was now your hate, 
Him vile, that was your garland. 

AN IMAGINARY DESCRIPTION OF CORIOLANUS 

WARRING. 

Methinks, I hear hither your husband's drum; 
See him pluck Aufidius down by the hair; 
As children from a bear, the Voices shunning him: 
Methinks, I see him stamp thus, and call thus, — 
Come on you cowards, you were got in fear, 
Though you were born in Rome: His bloody brow 
With his mail'd hand then wiping, forth he goes; 
Like to a harvest-man, that's task'd to mow 
Or all, or lose his hire. 

Vir. His bloody brow! O, Jupiter, no blood! 

Vol. Away, you fool! it more becomes a man, 
Than gilt hifi trophy. The breasts of Hecuba, 
When she did suckle Hector, look'd not lovelier 
Than Hector's forehead, when it spit forth blood 
At Grecian swords contending. 

DOING OUR DUTY MERITS NOT PRAISE. 

Pray, now, no more: my mother, 
Who has a charter* to extol her blood, 
When she does praise me, grieves me. I have done, 
As you have done; that's what I can; induc'd 
As you have been; that's for my country: 
He, that has but effected his good will, 
Hath overta'en mine act. 

AUFIDIUS'S HATRED TO CORIOLANUS. 

Nor sleep, nor sanctuary, 
Being naked, sick: nor fane, nor Capitol, 
The prayers of priests, nor times of sacrifice, 
Embarquements all of fury, shall lift up 

* Privilege. 
16 



LS2 BEAUTIES OF SHAKSPEARE. 

Their rotten privilege and custom 'gainst 
My hate to Marcius: where I find him, were it 
At home upon my brother's guard,* even there 
Against the hospitable cannon, would I 
Wash my fierce hand in his heart. 

ACT II. 

POPULARITY. 

All tongues speak of him, and the bleared sights 
Are spectacled to see him: Your prattling nurse 
Into a rapturef lets her baby cry, 
While she chats him: the kitchen malkinj pins 
Her richest lockram§ 'bout her reechy|| neck, 
Clambering the walls to eye him: stalls, bulks, win* 

dows. , ,, 

Are smother'd up, leads fill'd, and ridges hors'd 
With variable complexions; all agreeing 
In earnestness to see him: seldlf-shown flamens** 
Do press among the popular throngs, and putt 
To win a vulgar station :|t our veil'd dames 
Commit the war of white and damask, in 
Their nicely-gavvded^ cheeks, to the wanton spoil 
Of Phoebus' burning kisses: such a pother, 
As if that whatsoever god, who leads him, 
Were siily crept into his human powers, 
And gave him graceful posture. 

COMINIUS'S PRAISE OF CORIOLANUS IP THE SENATE. 

I shall lack voice : the deeds of Conolanus 
Should not be utter'd feebly.— It is held, 
That valour is the chiefest virtue, and 
Most dignifies the haver :§§ if it be, 
The man I speak of cannot in the world 
Be singly counterpois'd. At sixteen years, 
When Tarquin made a head for Rome, he fought 
Beyond the mark of others; our then dictator. 
Whom with ah praise I point at, saw him fight, 

* My brother posted to protect him. t Fit. $ Maid. 
§ Best linen. II Soiled with sweat and smoke. 
IT Seldom. ** Priests, tt Common standing-place 
ttAdom'd §§ Possessor. 



CORIOLANUS. 188 

When with his Amazonian chin* he drove 

The bristledf lips before him: he bestrid 

An o'er-press'd Roman, and i' the consul's view 

Slew three opposers: Tarquin's self he met, 

And struck him on his knee: in that day's feats, 

When he might act the woman in the scene,}: 

He prov'd best man i' the field, and for his meed§ 

Was brow-bound with the oak. His pupilage 

Man entered thus, he waxed like a sea; 

And, in the brunt of seventeen battles since, 

He lurch'dj] all swords o' the garland. For this last, 

Before and in Corioli, let me say, 

I cannot speak him home: He stopp'd the fliers: 

And, by his rare example, made the coward 

Turn terror into sport: as waves before 

A vessel under sail, so men obey'd, 

And fell below his stem: his sword (death's stamp) 

Where it did mark, it took; from face to foot 

He was a thing of blood, whose every motionH" 

Was timed** with dying cries: alone he enter'd 

The mortal gate o' the city, which he painted 

With shunless destiny, aidless came off, 

And with a sudden reinforcement struck 

Corioli, like a planet: now all's his: 

When by and by the din of war 'gan pierce 

His ready sense: then straight his doubled spirit 

Requicken'd what in flesh was fatigate,ff 

And to the battle came he; where he did 

Run reeking o'er the lives of men, as if 

'Twere a perpetual spoil: and, till we calPd 

Both field and city ours, he never stood 

To ease his breast with panting. 

ACT III. 

THE MISCHIEF OF ANARCHY. 

My soul aches, 
To know, when two authorities are up, 

* Without a beard. f Bearded. 

t Smooth-faced enough to act a woman's part. 
§ Reward. II Won. "n Stroke. ** Followed, 
tt Wearied. 



182 BEAUTIES OF SHAKSPEARE. 

Neither supreme, how soon confusion 
May enter 'twixt the gap of both, and take 
The one by the other. 

CHARACTER OP CORIOLANUS. 

His nature is too noble for the world : 
He would not flatter Neptune for his trident, 
Or Jove for his power to thunder. His heart's his 

mouth : 
What, his breast forges that his tongue must vent; 
And, being angry, does forget that ever 
He heard the name of death. 

HONOUR AND POLICY- 

I have heard you say, 
Honour and policy, like unsever'd friends, 
1' the war do grow together: grant that, and tell me 
In peace, what each of them by th' other lose, 
That they combine not there. 

THE METHOD TO GAIN POPULAR FAVOUR. 

Go to them, with this bonnet in thy hand; 
And thus far having stretch'd it, (here be with them;) 
Thy knee bussing the stones (for in such business 
Action is eloquence, and the eyes of the ignorant 
More learned than the ears,) waving thy head, 
Which often, thus, correcting thy stout heart, 
That humble, as the ripest mulberry, 
Now will not hold the handling: Or, say to them, 
Thou art their soldier, and being bred in broils, 
Hast not the soft way, which, thou dost confess, 
W r ere fit for thee to use, as they to claim, 
In asking their good loves; but thou wilt frame 
Thyself, forsooth, hereafter theirs, so far 
As thou hast power, and person. 

CORIOLANUS'S ABHORRENCE OF FLATTERY. 

Well, I must do't: 
Away, my disposition, and possess me 
Some harlot's spirit ! My throat of war be turn'd, 
Which quired with my drum, into a pipe 
Small as an eunuch, or the virgin voice 
That babies lulls asleep ! The smiles of knaves 



CORIOLANUS. 185 

Tent* in my cheeks; and school-boys' tears take up 
The glasses of my sight! A beggar's tongue 
Make motion through my lips; and my arm'd knees, 
Who bow'd but in my stirrup, bend like his 
That hath receiv'd an alms ! — I will not do't: 
Lest I surcease to honour mine own truth, 
And, by my body's action, teach my mind 
A most inherent baseness. 

volumnia's resolution on the pride Off 

CORIOLANUS. 

At thy choice then : 
To beg of thee, it is my more dishonour, 
Than thou of them. Come all to ruin; let 
Thy mother rather feel thy pride, than fear 
Thy dangerous stoutness; for I mock at death 
With as big heart as thou. Do as thou list. 
Thy valiantness was mine, thou suck'dst it from me. 
But owef thy pride thyself. 

CORIOLANUS'S DETESTATION OF THE VULGAR. 

You common cryj of curse ! whose breath I hate 
As reek§ o' the rotten fens, whose loves I prize 
As the dead carcasses of unburied men 
That do corrupt my air, I banish you; 
And here remain with your uncertainty! 
Let every feeble rumour shake your hearts! 
Your enemies, with nodding of their plumes, 
Fan you into despair; have the power still 
To banish your defenders; till, at length, 
Your ignorance (which finds not till it feels,) 
Mailing not reservation of yourselves, 
(Still your own foes,) deliver you, as most 
Abated || captives, to some nation 
That won you without blows! 

ACT IV. 

PRECEFT AGAINST ILL FORTUNE. 

You were us'd 
To say, extremity was the trier of spirits: 
That common chances common men could bear; 

* Dwell, t Own. | Pack § Vapour. !i Subdued 
16* 



186 BEAUTIES OF SHAKSPEARE. 

That, when the sea was calm, all boats alike 
Show'd mastership in floating: fortune's blows, 
When most struck home, being gentle wounded, 

craves 
A noble cunning: you were us'd to load me 
Wit i precepts, that would make invincible 
The heart that conn'd them. 

ON COMMON FRIENDSHIPS. 

O, world, thy slippery turns! Friends now fast 

sworn, 
Whose double bosoms seem to wear one heart, 
Whose hours, whose bed, whose meal, and exerciso, 
Are still together, who twin, as 'twere in love 
Unseparable, shall within this hour, 
On a dissention of a doit,* break out 
To bitterest enmity: So fellest foes, 
Whose passions and whose plots have broko their 

sleep 
To take the one the other, by some chance, 
Some trick not worth an egg, shall grow dear friends 
And interjoin their issues. 

MARTIAL FRIENDSHIP. 

Let me twine 
Mine arms about that body, where against 
My grained ash an hundred times hath broke, 
And scar'd the moon with splinters. Here I clipf 
The anvil of my sword; and do contest 
As hotly and as nobly with thy love, 
As ever in ambitious strength I did 
Contend against thy valour. Know thou first, 
I loved the maid I married; never man 
SigVd truer breath: but that I see thee here, 
Thou noble thing! more dances my wrapt heart, 
Than when I first mv wedded mistress saw 
Bestride my threshold. Why, thou Mars! I tell 

thee, 
We have a power on foot; and I had purpose 
Or.ce more to hew thy target from thy brawn,$ 
Ov lose mine arm for't: Thou hast beat me out§ 

* A small coin, t Embrace, t Arm. § Full. 



CORIOLANUS. 187 

Twelve several times, and I have nightly since 
Dreamt of encounters 'twixt thyself and me; 
We have been down together in my sleep, 
Unbuckling helms, fisting each other's throat, 
And wak'd half dead with nothing. 

ACT V. 

THE SEASON OF SOLICITATION. 

He was not. taken well: he had not din'd: 
The veins unfill'd, our blood is cold, and then 
We pout upon the morning, are unapt 
To give or to forgive ; but when we have stun d 
These pipes and these conveyances of our blood 
With wine and feeding, we have suppler souls 
Than in our priest-like fasts: therefore I'll watch 

him 
Till he be dieted to my request. 

OBSTINATE RESOLUTION. 

My wife comes foremost; then the honour'd mould 
Wherein this trunk was fram'd, and in her hand 
The grandchild to her blood. But, out, affection: 
All bond and privilege of nature, break! 
Let it be virtuous, to be obstinate.— 
What is that court'sey worth, or those doves 5 eyes, 
Which can make gods forsworn?— I melt, and am 

Of stronger earth than others.— My mother bows, 

As if Olympus to a molehill should 

In supplication nod: and my young boy 

Hath an aspect of intercession, which 

Great nature cries, Deny not— Let the Voices 

Plough Rome, and harrow Italy; I'll never 

Be such a gosling* to obey instinct; but stand, 

As if a man were author of himself, 

And knew no other kin. 

RELENTING TENDERNESS. 

Like a dull actor now, 
I have forgot my part, and I am out, 
Even to a full disgrace. Best of my tlesn, 
* A young goose. 



88 BEAUTIES OF SHAKSPEARE. 

Forgive my tyranny; but do not say, 
For that, Forgive our Romans. — O, a kiss 
Long as my exile, sweet as my revenge ! 
Now by the jealous queen* of heaven, that kisf 
I carried from thee, dear; and my true lip 
Hath virgin'd it e'er since.— You gods, I prate, 
And the most noble mother of the world 
Leave unsaluted: Sink my knee, i' the earth; 
Of thy deep duty more impression show 
Than that of common sons. 

CHASTITY. 

The noble sister of Publicola, 
The moon of Rome; chaste as the icicle, 
That's cruded by the frost from purest snow, 
And hangs on Dian's temple: Dear Valeria! 

CORIOLANUS's PRAYER FOR HIS SON. 

The god of soldiers, 
With the consent of supreme Jove, inform 
Thy thoughts with nobleness; that thou may'st prove 
To shame unvulnerable, and stick i'the wars 
Like a great sea mark, standing every flaw,f 
And saving those that eye thee! 

volumnia's pathetic speech to her sow 
coriolanus. 
Think with thyself, 
How more unfortunate than all living women 
Are we come hither: since that thy sight, which 

should 
Make our eyes flow with joy, hearts dance with com- 
forts, 
Constrains them weep, and shake with fear and 

sorrow; 
Making the mother, wife, and child, to see 
The son, the husband, and the father, tearing 
His country's bowels out. And to poor we, 
Thine enmity's most capital: thou barr'st us 
Our prayers to the gods, which is a comfort 
That all but we enjoy. 

• * * » • 

* Tiino. t Gust, storm 



CYMBELINE. 18» 

We must find 

An evident calamity, though we had 

Our wish, which side should win : for eithei *>m>u 

Must, as a foreign recreant, be led 

With manacles through our streets, or else 

Triumphantly tread on thy country's ruin; 

And bear the palm, for having bravely shed 

Thy wife and children's blood. For myself, son, 

I purpose not to wait on fortune, till 

These wars determine:* if I cannot persuade thee 

Rather to show a noble grace to both parts, 

Than seek the end of one, thou shalt no sooner 

March to assault thy country, than to tread, 

(Trust to't, thou shalt not) on thy mother's womb, 

That brought thee to this woild. 

PEACE AFTER A SIEGE. 

Ne'er through an arch so hurried the blown tide, 
As the recomforted through the gates. Why, hark 

3 r ou: 
The trumpets, sackbuts, psalteries, and fifes, 
Tabors and cymbals, and the shouting Romans, 
Make the sun dance. 



CYMBELINE 
ACT I. 

PARTING LOVERS. 

Imo. THOU shouldst have made him 
As little as a crow, or less, ere left 
To after-eye him. 

Pisa. Madam, so I did. 

Imo. I would have broke mine eye-strings; crack'd 
them, but 
To look upon him: till the diminution 
Of space had pointed him sharp as my needle: 
Nay, follow'd him, till he had melted from 
The smallness of a gnat to air; and then 
Have turn'd mine eye, and wept. — But, good Pisanio. 
When shall we hear from him? 

* Conclude. 



190 BEAUTIES OF SHAKSPEARE. 

Pisa. Be assur'd, madam, 

With his next vantage.* 

Imo. I did not take my leave of him, but had 
Most pretty things to say: ere I could tell him, 
How I would think on him, at certain hours, 
Such thoughts, and such; or I could make him swear 
The she's of Italy should not betray 
Mine interest, and his honour; or have charged him, 
At the sixth hour of morn, at noon, at midnight, 
To encounter me with orisons,t for then 
I am in heaven for him: or ere I could 
Give him that parting kiss, which I had set 
Betwixt two charming words, comes in my father, 
And, like the tyrannous breathing of the north, 
Shakes all our buds" from growing. 

THE BASENESS OF FALSEHOOD TO A WIFE. 

Doubting things go ill, often hurts more 
Than to be sure they do: For certainties 
Either are past remedies, or, timely knowing, 
The remedy then born; discover to me 
What both you spur and stop.J 

lack. Had I this cheek 

To bathe my lips upon; this hand, whose touch, 
Whose every touch, would force the feeler's soul 
To the oath of loyalty; this object, which 
Takes prisoner the wild motion of mine eye, 
Fixing it only here; should I (damn'd then,) 
Slaver with lips as common as the stairs, 
That mount the Capitol; join gripes with hands 
Made hard with hourly falsehood (falsehood, as 
With labour;) then lie peeping in an eye, 
Base and unlustrous as the smoky light 
That's fed with stinking tallow; it were fit, 
That all the plagues of hell should at one time 
Encounter such revolt. 

* Opportunity, t Meet me with reciprocal prayer. 
t What you seem anxious to utter, and yet withhold 



CYMBELINE. 191 

ACT II. 
SCENE. A Bedchamber; in one pari of it a Trunk. 

Imogen reading in her Bed; a Lady attending. 

Into. Mine eyes are weak: — 
Fold down the leaf where I have left: To bed! 
Take not away the taper, leave it burning: 
And if thou canst awake by four o' the clock, 
I pr'ythee, call me. Sleep hath seiz'd me wholly. 

[Exit Lady. 
To your protection I commend me, gods! 
From fairies, and the tempters of the night, 
Guard me, beseech ye! 

[Sleeps. Iachimo from the Trunk. 

Iach. The crickets sing, and man's o'er-labour'd 
sense 
Repairs itself by rest: Our Tarquin thus 
Did softly press the rushes,* ere he waken'd 
The chastity he wounded. — Cytherea, 
How bravely thou becom'st thy bed ! fresh lily ! 
And whiter than the sheets! That I might touch! 
But kiss! one kiss! Rubies unparagon'd, 
How dearly they do't. — Tis her breathing that 
Perfumes the chamber thus: The flame o' the taper 
Bows toward her; and would underpeep her lids, 
To see the enclosed lights, now canopied 
Under these windows: White and azure, lae'd 
With blue of heav'ns own tinct.f But my design? 
To note the chamber: — I will write all down: 
Such, and such pictures; — There the window :- 

Such 
Tke adornment of her bed; — The arras,:}: figures, 
Why, such, and such: — And the contents o' the sto 

r y — 

Ah, but some natural notes about her body, 
Above ten thousand meaner moveables 
Would testify to enrich mine inventory : 
O sleep, thou ape of death, lie dull upon her ! 

* It was anciently the custom to strew chambers with 
nshes. 

t *. e. The white skin laced with blue veins. 
$ Tapestry. 



192 BEAUTIES OF SHAKSPEARE. 

And be her sense but as a monument, 

Thus in a chapel lying!— Come off, come off; — 

[ Taking off her Bracelet. 
As slippery, as the Gordian knot was hard ! 
'Tis mine; and this will witness outwardly, 
As strongly as the conscience does within, 
To the madding of her lord. On her left breast 
A mole cinque-spotted, like the crimson drops 
V the bottom of a cowslip: Here's a voucher, 
Stronger than ever law could make: this secret 
Will force him think I have pick'd the lock, and ta'en 
The treasure of her honour. No more. — To what 

end? 
Why should I write this down, that's riveted, 
Screw'd to my memory? She hath been reading late 
The tale of Tereus; here the leaf's turn'd down, 
Where Philomel gave up: — I have enough: 
To the trunk again, and shut the spring of it, 
Swift, swift, you dragons of the night !— that dawning 
May bear the raven's eye: I lodge in fear; 
Though this a heavenly angel, hell is here. 

[Goes into the Trunk. The Scene closes. 

GOLD. 

'Tis gold 
Which buys admittance; oft it doth; yea, and makes 
Diana's rangers false themselves, yield up 
Their deer to the stand of the stealer; and 'tis gold 
Which makes the true man kill'd, and saves the thief; 
Nay, sometimes, hangs both thief and true man* 

What 
Can it not do, and undo? 

A SATIRE OF WOMEN. 

Is there no way for men to be, but women 
Must be half-workers? We are bastards all; 
And that most venerable man, which I 
Did call my father, was I know not where 
When I was stamp'd; some coiner with his tools 
Made me a counterfeit; Yet my mother seem'd 
The Dian of that time: so doth my wife 
The nonpariel of this. — O vengeance, vengeance! 
* Modesty. 



CYMBELINE. 193 

Me of my lawful pleasure she restrain'd, 
And pray'd me, oft, forbearance: did it with 
A. pudency* so rosy, the sweet view on't 
Might well have warm'd old Saturn; that I thought 
As chaste as unsun'd snow: [her 

***** 

Could I find out 

The woman's part in me! For there's no motion 

That tends to vice in man, but I affirm 

It is the woman's part: be it lying, note it, 

The woman's; flattering, hers; deceiving, hers; 

Ambitions, covetings, change of prides, disdain, 

Nice longings, slanders, mutability, 

All faults that may be nam'd, nay that hell knows, 

Why, hers, in part, or all; but, rather, all: 

For ev'n to vice 

They are not constant, but are changing still 

One vice, but of a minute old, for one 

Not half so old as that. I'll write against them, 

Oetest them, curse them: — Yet 'tis greater skill 

In a true hate, to pray they have their will': 

The very devils cannot plague them better 

ACT III. 

IMPATIENCE OF A WIFE TO MEET HER HUSBAND. 

O, for a horse with wings! — Hear'stthou, Pisanio? 
He is at Milford-Haven: Read, and tell me 
How far 'tis thither. If one of mean affairs 
May plod it in a week, why may not I 
Glide thither in a day? — Then, true Pisanio, 
(Who long'st like me, to see thy lord: who long'st,— 
O, let me bate, but not like me: — yet long'st, — 
But in a fainter kind;— O, not like me; 
For mine's beyond beyond,) say, and speak thick, f 
(Love's counsellor should fill the bores of hearing, 
To the smothering of the sense,) how far it is 
To this same blessed Milford: And, by the way, 
Tell me how Wales was made so happy, as 

* Modesty. 

t Cro^d one word on another, as fast as possible 
17 



194 BEAUTIES OF SHaKSPEARE. 

To inherit such a haven: But first of all. 
How we may steal from hence; and, for the gap 
That we shall make in time, from our hence-going, 
And our return, to excuse: — but first, how get 

hence; 
Why should excuse be born or e'er begot? 
We'll talk of that hereafter. Pr'ythee, speak, 
How many score of miles may we well ride 
J Twixt hour and hour? 

Pisa. One score, 'twixt sun and sun, 

Madam, 's enough for you; and too much too. 

Imo. Why, one that rode to his execution, man, 
Could never go so slow: I have heard of riding 

wagers, 
Where horses have been nimbler than the sands 
That run i'the clocks behalf: — But this is foolery: — 
Go, bid my woman feign a sickness; say 
She'll home to her father: and provide me, presently 
A riding suit; no costlier than would fit 
A franklin's* housewife. 

Pisa. Madam, you're best consider. 

Imo. I see before me, man, nor here, nor here, 
Nor what ensues; but have a fog in them, 
That I cannot look through. Away, I pr'ythee; 
Do as I bid thee: There's no more to say; 
Accessible is none but Milford way. [Exeunt. 

SCENE. Wales. A mountainous Country, with a 
Cave. 

Enter Belarius, Guiderius, and Arviragtjs. 

Bel. A goodly day not to keep ouse, with such 
Whose roof's as low as ours! Stoop, boys: This gate 
Instructs you how to adore the heavens; and bows 

you 
To morning's holy office: the gates of monarcris 
Are arch'd so high, that giants may jetf through 
And keep their impious turbands on, without 
Good morrow to the sun, — Hail, thou fair heaven 
We house i' the rock, yet use thee not so hardly 
As prouder livers do. 

* A ireeholder. t Strut, walk proudly 



CYMBELINE. 195 

Gui. Hail, heaven ! 

Jlrv. Hail, heaven ! 

Bel. Now, for our mountain sport: Up to yon hill, 
Your legs are young; I'll tread these flats. Consider, 
When you above perceive me like a crow, 
That it is place which lessens, and sets off. 
And you may then revolve what tales I have told you, 
Of courts, of princes, of the tricks in war: 
This service is not servile, so being done, 
But being so allow'd: To apprehend thus, 
Draws us a profit from all things we see: 
And often, to our comfort, shall we find 
The sharded* beetle in a safer hold 
Than is the full-wing'd eagle. O, this life 
Is nobler, than attending for a check; 
Richer, than doing nothing for a babe; 
Prouder, than rustling in unpaid-for silk: 
Such gain the cap of him, that makes them fine, 
Yet keeps his book uncross'd: no life to ours.f 

Gui. Out of your proof you speak: we, poor un- 
fledg'd, 
Have never wing'd from view o' the nest; nor know 

not 
What air's from home. Haply, this life is best, 
If quiet life be best; sweeter to you, 
That have a sharper known; well corresponding 
With your stiff age; but, unto us, it is 
A cell of ignorance; travelling a-bed; 
A prison for a debtor, that not dares 
To stride a limit.! 

Jlrv. What should we speak of, 

When we are old as you? when we shall hear 
The rain and wind beat dark December, how 
In this our pinching cave, shall we discourse 
The freezing hours away? We have seen nothing: 
We are beastly; subtle as the fox, for prey; 
Like warlike as the wolf, for what we eat: 
Our valour is, to chase what Hies; our cage 
We make a quire, as doth the prison bird, 

* Sraly-winged. t i. e. Compare 1. with ours, 
t To overpass his b >unds. 



196 BEAUTIES OF SHAKSPEARE. 

And sing our bondage freely. 

Bel. How you speak! 

Did you but know the city's usuries, 
And felt them knowingly: the art o'the court, 
As hard to leave, as keep; whose top to climb 
Is certain falling, or so slippery, that 
The fear's as bad as falling: the toil of the war, 
A pain that only seems to seek out danger 
I' the name of fame, and honour; which dies i' the 

search; 
And hath as oft a slanderous epitaph, 
As record of fair act; nay, many times, 
Doth ill deserve by doing well; what's worse, 
Must court'sey at the censure: — 0, boys, this story 
The world may read in me : My body's marked 
With Roman swords: and my report was once 
First with the best of note: Cymbeline lov'd me; 
And when a soldier was the theme, my name 
Was not far off: Then was I as a tree, 
Whose boughs did bend with fruit: but in one night, 
A storm, or robbery, call it what you will, 
Shook down my mellow hangings, nay, my leaves, 
And left me bare to weather. 

Qui. Uncertain favour! 

Bel. My fault being nothing (as I have told you 
oft,) 
But that two villains, whose false oaths prevail'd 
Before my perfect honour, swore to Cymbeline, 
I was confederate with the Romans; so, 
Followed my banishment; and, this twenty years, 
This rock, and these demesnes, have been my world i 
Where I have liv'd at honest freedom; paid 
More pious debts to heaven, than in all 
The fore-end of my time. — But, up to the mountains; 
This is not hunter's language: — He, that strikes 
The venison first, shall be the lord o' the feast; 
To him the other two shall minister; 
And we will fear no poison, which attends 
In place of greater state. 

THE FORCE GF NATURE. 

How hard it is to hide the sparks of nature! 



CYMBELINE. 197 

These boys know little they are sons to the king; 
Nor Cymbeline dreams that they are alive. 
They think they are mine: and, though train'd up 

thus meanly 
I 5 the cave, wherein they bow, their thoughts do hit 
The roofs of palaces; and nature prompts them, 
In simple and low things to prince it, much 
Beyond the trick of others. This Polydore,— 
The heir of Cymbeline and Britain, whom 
The king his father call'd Guiderius, — Jove! 
When on my three-foot stool I sit, and tell 
The warlike feats I have done, his spirits fly out 
Into my story: say, Thus mine enemy fell; 
^nd thus 1 set my foot on his neck; even then 
The princely blood flows in his cheek, he sweats, 
Strains his young nerves, and puts himself in posture 
That acts my words. The younger brother, Cadwal, 
(Once Arviragus,) in as like a figure, 
Strikes life into my speech, and shows much more 
His own conceiving. 

SLANDER. 

No, 'tis slander; 
Whose edge is sharper than the sword; whose tongue 
Outvenoms all the worms of Nile; whose breath 
Rides on the posting winds, and doth belie 
All corners of the world : kings, queens, and states, 
Maids, matrons, nay, the secrets of the grave 
This viperous slander enters. 

a wife's innocency. 

False to his bed ! What is it, to be false? 
To lie in watch there, and to think on him? 
To weep 'twixt clock and clock? if sleep charge na- 
ture, 
To break it with a fearful dream of him, 
And cry myself awake? that's false to his bed? 

WOMAN IN MAN'S AFPAREL. 

You must forget to be a woman; change 
Command into obedience; fear and niceness, 
(The handmaids of all women, or, more truly, 
Woman its pretty self,) to a waggish courage; 
17* 



198 BEAUTIES OF SHAKSPEARE. 

Ready '.n gibes, quick-answer'd, saucy, and 
As quarrelous as the weasel: nay, you must 
Forget that rarest treasure of your cheek, 
Exposing it (but, O, the harder heart! 
Alack no remedy !) to the greedy touch 
Of common-kissing Titian;* and forget 
Your laboursome and dainty trims, wherein 
You made great Juno angry. 

SCENE. Before the Cave of Belarius. 
Enter Imogen, in Boy's Clothes. 
Imo. I see, man's life is a tedious one: 
I have tir'd myself; and for two nights together 
Have made the ground my bed. I should be sick, 
iiut that my resolution helps me. — Milford, 
When from the mountain-top Pisanio show'd thee, 
Thou wast within a ken: O Jove! I think, 
Foundations fly the wretched: such, I mean, [me, 
When they should be reliev'd. Two beggars told 
I could not miss my way : Will poor folks lie, 
That have afflictions on them; knowing 'tis 
A punishment, or trial? Yes, no wonder, 
When rich ones scarce tell true: To lapse in fulness 
Is sorer, than to lie for need: and falsehood 
Is worse in kings than beggars. — My dear lord' 
Thou art one o' the false ones: Now I think on thee, 
My hunger's gone; but even before, I was 
At point to sink for food. — But what is this? 
Here is a path to it: 'Tis some savage hold: 
I were best not call; I dare not call: yet famine, 
Ere clean it o'erthrow nature, makes it valiant. 
Plenty, and peace, breeds cowards; hardness ever 
Of hardiness is mother. 

LABOUR. 

Weariness 
Can snore upon the flint, when restive sloth 
Finds the down pillow hard. 

HARMLESS INNOCENCE. 

Imo. Good master harm me not: 
Before I enter'd here, I call'd; and thought 
•The sun. 



CYMBELINE. 199 

To have begg'd, or bought, what I have took: Good 

troth, 
I have stolen naught; nor would not though I had 

found 
Gold strew'd o' the floor. Here's money for my meat 
1 would have left it on the board, so soon 
As I had made my meal; and parted 
With praj'ers for the provider. 

Gui. Money, youth? 

Arv. All gold and silver rather turn to dirt! 
As 'tis no better reckon'd, but of those 
Who worship dirty gods. 

ACT IV. 

BRAGGART. 

To who? to thee? What art thou? Have not I 
An arm as big as thine? a heart as big? 
Thy words, I grant, are bigger; for I wear not 
My dagger in my mouth. 

FOOL-HARDINESS. 

Being scarce made up, 
I mean, to man, he had not apprehension 
Of roaring terrors; for the effect of judgment 
Is oft the cause of fear. 

INBORN ROYALTY. 

O thou goddess, 
Thou divine nature, how thyself thou blazon'st 
In these two princely boys! They are as gentle 
As zephyrs blowing below the violet, 
Not wagging his sweet head: and yet as rough, 
Their royal blood enchaf'd, as the rud'st wind, 
That by the top doth take the mountain pine, 
And make him stoop to the vale. 'Tis wonderful 
That an invisible instinct should frame them 
To royalty unlearn'd; honour untaught; 
Civility not seen from other: valour, 
That wildly grows in them, but yields a crop 
As if it had been sow'd. 

Enter Arviragus, bearing Imogen, as dead, in his 
arms. 



200 BEAUTIES OF SHAKSPEARE. 

B e L Look, here he comes 

And brings the dire occasion in his arms, 
Of what we blame him for ! 

Arv. The bird is dead 

That we have made so much on. I had rather 
Have skipp'd from sixteen years of age to sixty, 
To have turn'd my leaping time into a crutch, 
Than to have seen this. 

Qui. O sweetest, fairest lily ! 

My brother wears thee not the one half so well, 
As when thou grew'st thyself. 

fi e l. O, melancholy 

Whoever yet could sound thy bottom? find 
The ooze, to show what coast thy sluggish crare* 
Might easiliest harbour in? — Thou blessed thing: 
Jove knows what man thou might'st have made; but I, 
Thou died'st a most rare boy of melancholy! — 
How found you him? 

Arv. Stark,t as you see: 

Thus smiling, as some lly had tickled slumber, 
Not as death's dart, being laugh'd at: his right cheek 
Reposing on a cushion. 

Gui. Where ? 

Arv. s the floor; 

His arms thus leagu'd: I thought, he slept; and put 
My clouted brogues;}; from off my feet, whose rude- 
Answer'd my steps too loud. [ness 

Gui. Why, he but sleeps; 

If he be gone, he'll make his grave a bed; 
With female fairies will his tomb be haunted, 
And worms will not come to thee. 

Arv. With fairest flowers. 

Whilst summer lasts, and I live here, Fidele, 
I'll sweeten thy sad grave: Thou shalt not lack 
The flower, that's like thy face, pale primrose; nor 
The azur'd hare-bell like thy veins: no, nor 
The leaf of eglantine, whom not to slander, 
Out-sweeten'd not thy breath; the ruddock§ would 
With charitable bill (O bill, sore-shaming 

* Slow-sailing, unwieldy vessel. t Stiff. 

$ Shoes plated with iron. § The re ^-breast. 



CYMBELINE. 201 

Tho«e rich-left heirs, that let their fathers lie 
Without a monument!) bring thee all this; 
Yea and furr'd moss besides, when flowers are none, 
To winter-ground* thy corse. 

# # # # * 

Bel Great griefs, I see, medicine the less: for 
Cloten 
Is quite forgot. He was a queen's son, boys: 
And, though he came our enemy, remember, 
He was paidf for that: Though mean and mighty, 

rotting 
Together, have one dust; yet reverence, 
(That angel of the world,) doth make distinction 
Of place 'tween high and low. Our foe was princely; 
And though you took his life, as being our foe, 
Yet bury him as a prince. 

Gui. Pray you, fetch him hither, 

Thersites' body is as good as Ajax, 
When neither are alive. 

FUNERAL DIRGE. 

Gui. Fear no more the heat o 5 the sun, 

Nor the furious winter's rages; 
Thou thy worldly task hast done, 

Home art gone, and ta'en thy wages: 
Golden lads and girls all must, 
As chimney-sweepers come to dust. 
Jlrv. Fear no more the frown o' the great, 

Thou art past the tyrant's stroke; 
Care no more to clothe and eat; 

To thee the reed is as the oak: 
The sceptre, learning physic, must 
All follow this, and come to dust. 
Gui. Fear no more the lightning-flash, 
Jlrv. Nor the all-dreaded thunder-stone; 
Gui. Fear not slander, censurej rash; 
Jlrv. Thou hast finish'd joy and moan* 
Both. All lovers, young, all lovers must 

Consign§ to thee, and come to dust. 

* Probably a corrupt reading for wither round thy 
corse. t Punished. 

t Judgment. § Seal the same contract. 



202 BEAUTIES OF SHAKSPEARE. 

Gui. No exorciser harm thee ! 
Arv. Nor no witchcraft charm thee! 
Gui. Ghost unlaid forbear thee! 
Jlrv. Nothing ill come near thee! 
Both. Quiet consummation have; 
And renowned be thy grave! 

IMOGEN AWAKING. 

Yes, sir, to Milford-Haven; 
Which is the way ? 

I thank you — By yon bush? — Pray, how far thither? 
'Ods pittikins!* — can it be six miles yet? 
I have gone all night: — 'Faith, I'll lie down and sleep, 
But, soft! no bedfellow: — O, gods and goddesses! 

[Seeing the body 
These flowers are like the pleasures of the world; 
This bloody man, the care on't. — I hope, I dream; 
For, so, I thought I was a cave-keeper. 
And cook to honest creatures: But 'tis not so; 
'Twas but a boltf of nothing, shot at nothing, 
Which the brain makes of fumes: Our very eyes, 
Are sometimes like our judgments, blind, good faith 
I tremble still with fear: but if there be 
Vet V A in heaven a« small a drop of pity 
As a wren's eye, fear'd gods, a part of it! 
The dream's here still: even when I wake, it is 
Without me, as within me; not imagin'd, felt. 

ACT V. 

A ROUTED ARMY. 

No blame be to you, sir; for all was lost, 
But that the heavens fought : The king himself 
Of his wings destitute, the army broken, 
And but the backs of Britons seen, all flying 
Through a straight lane; the enemy full-hearted, 
Lolling the tongue with slaughtering, having work 
More plentiful than tools to do't, struck down 
.Some mortally, some slightly touch'd, some falling 

* This diminutive adjuration is derived from God's my 
fity. f An arrow. 



HAMLET. 203 

Merely through fear; that the straight pass was 

damm'd* 
With dead men, hurt behind, and cowards living 
To die with lengthen'd shame. 

DEATH. 

I, in mine own wo cbxrm'd, 
Could not find death, where I did hear him groan; 
Nor feel him where he struck: Being an ugly mon* 

ster, 
'Tis strange, he hides him in fresh cups, soft beds, 
Sweet words; or hath more ministers than we 
That draw his knives i' the war. 



HAMLET. 
ACT I. 

PRODIGIES. 

IN the most high and palmyf state of Rome, 
A little ere the mightiest Julius fell, 
The graves stood tenantless, and the sheeted dead 
Did squeak and gibber in the Roman streets 

As, stars with trains of fire and dews of blood, 
Disasters in the sun; and the moist star, J 
Upon wnose influence Neptune's empire stands, 
Was sick almost to doomsday with eclipse. 

GHOSTS VANISH AT THE CROWING OF A COCK. 

Ber. It was about to speak when the cock crew 

Hor. And then it started like a guilty thing 
Upon a fearful summons. I have heard, 
The cock, that is the trumpet of the morn, 
Doth with his lofty and shrill sounding throat 
Awake the god of day; and, at his warning, 
Whether in sea or fire, in earth or air, 
The extravagant and erring§ spirit hies 
To his confine: and of the truth herein 
This present object made probation. || 

* Blocked up. t Victorious. % The mooa. 

§ Wandering. II Proof. 



204 BEAUTIES OF SHAKSPEARE. 

THE REVERENCE PAID TO CHRISTMAS TIME. 

It faded on the crowing of the cock. 
Some say, that ever 'gainst that season comes 
Wherein our Saviour's birth is celebrated, 
This bird of dawning singeth all night long; 
And then they say no spirit dares stir abroad; 
The nights are wholesome; then no planets strike, 
No fairy takes, nor witch hath power to charm, 
So hallow'd and so gracious is the time. 

MORNING. 

But, look, the morn, in russet mantle clad, 
Walks o'er the dew of yon high eastern hill. 

REAL GRIEF. 

Seems, madam? nay, it is: I know not seems. 
'Tis not alone, my inky cloak, good mother, 
Nor customary suits of solemn black, 
Nor windy suspiration of forc'd breath 
No, nor the fruitful river in the eye, 
Nor the dejected 'haviour of the visage, 
Together with all forms, modes, shows of grief, 
That can denote me truly: These, indeed, seem, 
For they are actions that a man might play : 
But I have that within, which passeth show; 
These, but the trappings and the suits of wo. 

IMMODERATE GRIEF DISCOMMENDED. 

'Tis sweet and commendable in your nature, Ham- 
let, 
To give these mourning duties to your father; 
But, you must know, your father lost a father; 
That father lost his; and the survivor bound 
Tn filial obligation, for some term 
To do obsequious sorrow : But to persevere 
In obstinate condolement. is a course 
Of impious stubbornness; 'tis unmanly grief: 
It shows a will most incorrect to heaven: 
A heart unfortified, or mind impatient; 
An understanding simple and unschool'd: 
For what, we know, must be, and is as common, 
As any the most vulgar thing to sense, 
Why should we, in our peevish opposition, 



HAMLET. 205 

Take it to heart? Fie ! 'tis a fault to heaven, 
A fault against the dead, a fault to nature 
To reason most absurd; whose common theme 
I, death of fathers, and who still hath cried, 
From the first corse, till he that died to-day, 

O, that this too too solid flesh would melt, 
Thaw, and resolve* itself into a dew! 
Or that the Everlasting had not M 
His canonf 'gainst self-slaughter! O God! O Uod 
How weary, stale, flat, and unprofitable 
Seem to me all the uses of this world! 
f;p nn'ti O fie' 'tis an unweeded garden, 
Tha? grows to seed; things rank, and g-ss m - u re , 
PnUeS it merelv.i That it should come to this! 
But two ^nths y dLd!-nay, not so mu^h, not two- 
So excellent a king; that was, to this, 
HvoerionS to a satyr: so loving to my m?™ 6 *' 
That he mi-ht not beteem|| the winds of heaven 
Visit h!r fece too roughly. Heaven and earth! 
Must I remember? wly/she would hang on hxm, 
As if increase of appetite had grown 
Rv what it fed on: And yet, within a month,— 
Let me * no! "think on't ;-Frailty, thy name is wo 
man! — , ij 

Would have mourn'd longer-mamed with my 

Uncle, ii A,4l» A « 

My father's brother; but no more like my father, 
Than 1 to Hercules: Within * rnonth: 
Ere yet the salt of most unrighteous tears 
Had left the flushing in her galled eyes. 
She married:— O most wicked speed to post 
With such dexterity to incestuous sheets! 
It is not, nor it cannot come to, good. 

* Dissolve. t Law. t Entirely. 



§ Apollo. 'I Suffer. 



206 BEAUTIES OF SHAKSPEARE. 

THE EXTENT OF HUMAN PERFECTION. 

He was a man, take him for all in all, 
I shall not look upon his like again. 

CAUTIONS TO YOUNG FEMALES. 

For I amlet, and the trifling of his favour, 
Hold it i fashion, and a toy in blood: 
A violet in the youth of primy nature. 
Forward, not permanent, sweet, not lasting, 
The perfume and suppliance of a minute: 
No more. 

■%■ # . # # * 

Then weigh what loss your honour may sustain, 

If with too credent* ear you listf his songs; 

Or lose your heart: or your chaste treasure open 

To his unmaster*dj importunity. 

Fear it, Ophelia, fear it, my dear sister; 

And keep you in the rear of your affection, 

Out of the shot and danger of desire. 

The chariest § maid is prodigal enough, 

If she unmask her beauty to the moon: 

Virtue itself 'scapes not calumnious strokes: 

The canker galls the infants of the spring, 

Too oft before their buttons be disclos'd; 

And in the morn and liquid dew of youth 

Contagious blastments are most imminent. 

SATIRE ON UNGRACIOUS PASTORS. 

I shall the effect of this good lesson keep, 
As watchmen to my heart: But, good my brother, 
Do not, as some ungracious pastors do, 
Show me the steep and thorny way to heaven; 
Whilst, like a puff 'd and reckless|] libertine, 
Himself the primrose path of dalliance treads, 
And recks not his own reed.1T 

ADVICE TO A SON GOING TO TRAVEL. 

Give thy thoughts no tongue, 
Nor any unproportion'd thought his act. 
Be thou familiar, but by no means vulgar. 
The friends thou hast, and their adoption tried, 

* Believing. t Listen to. X Licentious. 

§ Most cautious. II Careless. 

IT Regards not his own lessons. 



HAMLET. 2 07 

Grapple them to thy soul with hooks of steel; 
But do not dull thy palm* with entertainment 
Of each new-hatch'd, unfledg'd comrade. Beware 
Of entrance to a quarrel: but, being in, 
Bear it that the opposer may beware of thee. 
Give every man thine ear, but few thy voice: 
Take each man's censure, f but reserve thy judg 

ment. 
Costly thy habit as thy purse can buy, 
But not express'd in fancy; rich, not gaudj-; 
For the apparel oft proclaims the man; 
And they in France, of the best rank and station, 
Are most select and generous,! chief § in that. 
Neither a borrower, nor a lender be: 
For loan oft loses both itself and friend; 
And borrowing dulls the edge of husbandry. || 
This above all, — To thine own self be true: 
And it. must follow, as the night the day, 
Thou canst not then be false to any man. 

HAMLET ON THE APPEARANCE OF HIS FATHER'S 
GHOST. 

Angels and ministers of grace defend us! — 
Be thou a spirit of health, or goblin damn'd, 
Bring with thee airs from heaven, or blasts from hell 
Be thy intents wicked or charitable, 
Thou com'st in such a questionable^" shape, 
That I will speak to thee; I'll call thee Hamlet, 
King, father, royal Dane: O, answer me: 
Let me not burst in ignorance! but tell 
Why thy canoniz'd bones, hearsed in death, 
Have burst their cerements! why the sepulchre, 
Wherein we saw thee quietly in-urn'd, 
Hathop'd his ponderous and marble jaws, 
To cast thee up again ! What may this mean, 
That thou, dead corse, again, in complete steel 
Revisit'st thus the glimpses of the moon, 
Making night hideous; and we fools of nature, 

* Palm of the hand. f Opinion. t Noble. 
§ Chiefly. II Economy. IT Conversable. 



208 BEAUTIES OF SHAKSPEARE. 

So horribly to shake our disposition,* 

With thoughts beyond the reaches of our souls? 

THE MISCHIEFS IT MItJHT TEMPT HIM TO. 

What, if it tempt you toward the flood, my lord, 
Or to the dreadful summit of the cliff, 
That beetlesf o'er his base into the sea? 
And there assume some other horrible form, 
Which might deprive your sovereignty of reason, 
And draw you into madness? think of it: 
The very place puts toys+ of desperation, 
Without more motive, into every brain, 
That looks so many fathoms to the sea, 
And hears it roar beneath. 

SCENE. A more remote part of the Platform. 

Re-enter Ghost and Hamlet. 
Ham. Whither wilt thou lead me? speak, I'll go 

no further. 
Ghost. Mark me. 
Ham. I will. 

Ghost. My hour is almost come, 

When I to sulphurous and tormenting flames 
Must render up myself. 

Ham. Alas, poor ghost! 

Ghost. Pity me not, but lend thy serious hearing 
To what I shall unfold. 

Ham. Speak, I am bound to hear. 

Ghost. So art thou to revenge, when thou shalt 
Ham. What? [hear. 

Ghost. I amthv father's spirit; 
Doom'd for a certain term to walk the night: 
And, for the day, confin'd to fast in fires, 
Till the foul crimes, done in my days of nature, 
Are burnt and purg'd away. But that I am forbid 
To tell the secrets of my prison-house, 
I could a tale unfold, whose lightest word 
Would harrow up thy soul; freeze thy young blood; 
Make thy two eyes, like stars, start from their 

spheres; 
Thy knotted and combined locks to part, 

* Frame. t Hangs. t Whims. 



HAMLET. 209 

Like quills upon the fretful porcupine: 

But this eternal blazon* must not be 

To ears of flesh and blood :— List, list, O list!— 

If ever thou didst thy dear father love. 

Ham. O heaven ! 

Ghost. Revenge his foul and most unnatural mur 

der. 
Ham. Murder! 

Ghost. Murder most foul, as in the best it is; 
But this most foul, strange, and unnatural. 

Ham. Haste me to know it; that I, with wings as 
swift 
As meditation, or the thoughts of love, 
May sweep to my revenge. 

Ghost. l find thee aP 1 ? , 

And duller should'st thou be than the fat weed 
That rots itself in ease on Lethe wharf, 
Would'st thou not stir in this. Now, Hamlet, hear 
'Tis o-iven out, that sleeping in my orchard,! 
A serpent stung me; so the whole ear of Denmark 
Is by a forged process of my death 
Rankly abus'd: but know, thou noble youth, 
The serpent that did sting thy father's life, 
Now wears his crown. 

Ham. O, my prophetic soul! my uncle! 
Ghost. Ay, that incestuous, that adulterate beast, 
With witchcraft of his wit, with traitorous gifts, 
(O wicked wit, and gifts, that have the power 
So to seduce !) won to his shameful lust 
The will of my most seeming virtuous queen: 
O, Hamlet, what a falling-off was there! 
From me whose love was of that dignity, 
That it went hand in hand even with the vow 
I made to her in marriage; and to decline 
Upon a wretch whose natural gifts were poor 
To those of mine ! 

But virtue, as it never will be mov'd, 
Though lewdness court it in a shape of heaven; 
So lust, though to a radiant angel link'd, 
* Display. t Garden. 

18* 



210 BEAUTIES OF SHAKSPEARE. 

Will sate* itself in a celestial bed, 

And prey on garbage. 

But, soft ! methinks, I scent the morning air; 

Brief let me be:— Sleeping within mine orchard, 

My custom always of the afternoon, 

Upon mv secure' hour thy uncle stole, 

With juice of cursed hebenonf in a vial, 

And in the porches of mine ears did pour 

The leperous distilment- whose effect 

Holds such an enmity with blood of man, 

That swift as quicksilver, it courses through 

The natural gates and alleys of the body; 

And, with a sudden vigour, it doth posset 

And curd, like eager droppings into milk, _ 

The thin and wholesome blood: so did it mine; 

And a most instant terttej bark'd about, 
Most lazar-§like, vile and loathsome crust, 
All my smooth body. 

Thus was I, sleeping, by a brother's hand, 
Of life, of crown, of queen, at once despatched :g 
Cut off even in the blossoms of my sin, 
Unhousel'dJ disappointed,** unanel'd;tt j 

No reckoning made but sent to my account 
With all my imperfections on my head: 
O, horrible"! O, horrible! most horrible! 
If thou hast nature in thee, bear it not: 
Let not the royal bed of Denmark be 
A couch for luxury and damned incest. 
But, howsoever thou pursu'st this act, 
Taint not thv mind, nor let thy soul contrive 
Against thy mother aught; leave her to heaver ; 
And to those thorns that in her bosom lodge, 
To prick and sting her. Fare thee well at once 
The glow-worm shows the matin to be near, 
And 'gins to pale his uneffectual fire: t 

Adieu, adieu, adieu! remember me. [Exit 

* Satiate. t Henbane. $ Scab, scurf. 

§ Leprous. II Bereft. 

IT Without having received the Sacrament 
** Unappointed, unprepared, 
■ft Without extreme unction. 



HAMLET. 211 

Ham. O all you host of heaven ! O earth ! What 

else ? 
And shall I couple hell? — O fie! — Hold, hold, lr.y 

heart; 
And you, my sinews, grow not instant old, 
But. bear me stiffly up! — Remember thee? 
Ay, thou poor ghost, while memory holds a seat 
In this distracted globe.* Remember thee? 
Yea, from the table of my memory 
I'll wipe away all trivial fond records, 
All sawsf of books, all forms, all pressures past, 
That youth and observation copied there; 
And thy commandment all alone shall live 
Within the book and volume of my brain, 
Unmix'd with baser matter: yes, by heaven, 
O most pernicious woman ' 
O villain, villain, smiling, damned villain! 
My tables, J — meet it is, I set it down, 
That one may smile, and smile, and be a villain: 
At least, I am sure, it may be so in Denmark: 

[ Writing, 
So, uncle, there you are. Now to my word: 
It is, Jldieu, adieu! remember me. 

ACT II. 

OPHELIA'S DESCRIPTION OF HAMLET'S MAD 
ADDRESS TO HER. 

My lord, as I was sewing in my closet, 
Lord Hamlet, — with his doublet all unbrac'd; 
No hat upon his head; his stockings foul'd, 
Ungarter'd, and down-gyved§ to his ankle; 
Pale as his shirt; his knees knocking each other, 
And with a look so piteous in purport, 
As if he had been loosed out of hell, 
To speak of horrors, — he comes before me. 

Pol. Mad for thy love? 

Oph. My lord, I do not know 

But, truly, I do fear it. 

* Head. t Sayings, sentences. 

% Memorandum-book. 

§ Hanging down like fetters. 



212 BEAUTIES OF SHAKSPEARE. 

Pol What said he? 

Oph. He took me by the wrist, and held me hard; 
Then goes he to the length of all his arm; 
And, with his other hand thus o'er his brow, 
He falls to such perusal of my face, 
As he would draw it. Long stay'd he so; 
At last — a little shaking of mine arm.. 
And thrice his head thus waving up and down, — 
He rais'd a sigh so piteous and profound, 
As it did seem to shatter all his bulk,* 
And end his being: That done, he lets me go 
And, with his head over* his shoulder turn'd, 
He seem'd to find his way without his eyes: 
For out o' doors he went without their helps, 
And, to the last, bended their light on me. 

OLD AGE. 

Beshrew my jealousy! 
It seems it is as proper to our age 
To cast beyond ourselves in our opinions, 
As it is common for the younger sort 
To lack discretion. 

HAPPINESS CONSISTS IN OPINION. 

Why, then 'tis none to you; for there is nothing 
either good or bad, but thinking makes it so; to me 
it is a prison. 

REFLECTIONS ON MAN. 

I have of late, (but, wherefore, I know not,) lost 
all my mirth, forgone all custom of exercises: and 
indeed, it goes so "heavily with my disposition, that 
this goodly frame, the earth, seems to me a sterile 
promontory; this most excellent canopy, the air, look 
you, this brave o'erhanging firmament, this ma- 
jestical roof fretted with golden fire, why it ap- 
pears no other thing to me, than a foul and pestilent 
congregation of vapours. What a piece of Avork is 
man ! How noble in reason ! how infinite in faculties! 
in form and moving, how express and admirable! in 
action, how like an angel! in apprehension, how like 

* Body. 



HAMLET. 213 

a god! the beauty of the world! the paragon of 
animals! And yet, to me, what is this quintessence 
of dust? Man delights not me, nor woman neither; 
though, by your smiling, you seem to say so. 
hamlet's reflections on the player and 

HIMSELF. 

O, what a rogue and peasant slave am I! 
Is it not monstrous, that this player here, 
But in a fiction, in a dream of passion, 
Could force his soul to his own conceit. 
That from her working, all his visage wann'd; 
Tears in his eyes, distraction in's aspect, 
A broken voice, and his whole function suiting 
With forms to his conceit? And all for nothing! 
For Hecuba ! 

What's Hecuba to him, or he to Hecuba, 
That he should weep for her? What would he do, 
Had he the motive and the cue for passion 
That I have? He would drown the stage with tears, 
And cleave the general ear with horrid speech; 
Make mad the guilty, and appal the free, 
Confound the ignorant; and amaze, indeed, 
The very faculties of eves and ears. 
Yet I, 

A dull and muddy-mettled rascal, peak, 
Like John a-dreams, unpregnant of my cause, 
And can say nothing; no, not for a king, 
Upon whose property, and most dear life, 
A damn'd defeat was made. Am I a coward? 
Who calls me villain? breaks my pate across? 
Plucks off my beard, and blows it in my face? 
Tweaks me by the nose? gives me the lie ith 

throat, 
As deep as to the lungs? Who does me this? 
Ha! 

Why, I should take it: for it cannot be, 
But I am pigeon liver'd, and lack gall 
To make oppression bitter; or, ere this, 
I should have fatted all the region kites 
With this slave's offal: Bloody, bawdy villain ! 
Remorseless, treacherous, lecherous, kindless villain ' 



214 BEAUTIES OF SHAKSPEARE. 

Why, what an ass am I? This is most brave, 

That I, the son of a dear father murder'd, 

Prompted to my revenge by heaven and hell, 

Must, like a whore, unpack my heart with words. 

And fall a cursing, like a very drab, 

A scullion. 

Fie upon't! foh! About my brains! Humph! I have 

heard, 
That guilty creatures, sitting at a play, 
Have by the very cunning of the scene 
Been struck so to the soul, that presently 
They have proclaimed their malefactions: 
For murder, though it have no tongue, will speak 
With most miraculous organ. I'll have these players 
Play something like the murder of my father, 
Before mine uncle: I'll observe his looks; 
I'll tent him to the quick; if he do blench, 
I know my course. The spirit I have seen, 
May be a devil: and the devil hath power 
To assume a pleasing shape; yea, and, perhaps, 
Out of my weakness, and my melancholy, 
(As he is very potent with such spirits) 
Abuses me to damn me: I'll have grounds 
More relative than this: The play's the thing 
Wherein I'll catch the conscience of the king. 

ACT III. 

HYPOCRISY. 

We are oft to blame in this. 
'Tis too much prov'd, — that, with devotion's visage, 
And pious action, we do sugar o'er 
The devil himself. 

King. 0, 'tis too true! how smart 

A lash that speech doth give my conscience! 
The harlot's cheek, beautied with plastering art, 
Is not more ugly to the thing that helps it, 
Than is my deed to my most painted word. 

SOLILOQ.UY ON LIFE AND DEATH. 

To be, or not to be, that is the question: — 
Whether 'tis nobler in the mind, to suffer 



HAMLET. 215 

The slings and arrows of outrageous fortune; 

Or to take arms against a sea of troubles, 

And by opposing, end them?— To die,— to sleep,— 

No more;— and, by a sleep, to say we end 

The heart-ach, and the thousand natural shocks 

That flesh is heir to,— 'tis a consummation 

Devoutly to be wish'd. To die;— to sleep;—- 

To sleep ! perchance to dream;— ay , there's the rub : 

For in that sleep of death what dreams may come, 

When we have shuffled off this mortal coil,* 

Must give us pause: There's the respect,f 

That makes calamity of so long life: ■ 

For who would bear the whips and scorns of time, 

The oppressor's wrong, the proud man's contumely,* 

The pangs of despised love, the law's delay, 

The insolence of office, and the spurns 

That patient merit of the unworthy takes, 

When he himself might his quietus§ make 

With a bare bodkin ?|| who would fardelsff bear, 

To grunt and sweat under a weary life; 

But that the dread of something after death, — 

The undiscover'd country from whose bourn** 

No traveller returns,— puzzles the will; 

And makes us rather bear those ills we have, 

Than fly to others that we know not of! 

Thus conscience does make cowards of us all; 

And thus the native hue of resolution 

Is sicklied o'er with the pale cast of thought; 

And enterprises of great pith and moment, 

With this regard, their currents turn away, 

And lose the name of action. 

CALUMNY. 

Be thou as chaste as ice, as pure as snow, thou 
shalt not escape calumny. 

A DISORDERED MIND. 

O, what a noble mind is here o'erthrown ! 
The courtier's, soldier's, scholar's, eye, tongue, sword: 
The expectancy and rose of the fair state, 

* Stir, bustle, t Consideration, t Rudeness. 

§ Acquittance. II The ancient term for a small dagger. 

V Pack, burden. ** Boundary, limits. 



216 BEAUTIES OF SHAKSPEARE. 

The glass of fashion, and the mould* of form, 
The observ'd of all observers! quite, quite down! 
And I, of ladies most deject and wretched, 
That suck'd the honey of his music vows, 
Now see that noble and most sovereign reason, 
Like sweet bells jangled, out of tune and harsh: 
That unmatch'd form and feature of blown youth 
Blasted with ecstasy. f 

hamlet's instructions to the players. 

Speak the speech, I pray yo T ^, as I pronounced it to 
you, trippingly on the tongue: but if you mouth it, 
as many of our players do, I had as lief the town-crier 
spoke my lines. Nor do not saw the air too much 
with your hand, thus: but use all gently: for in the 
very torrent, tempest, and (as I may say) whirlwind 
of your passion, you must acquire and beget a tem- 
perance that may give it smoothness. O, it offends 
me to the soul, to hear a robustious periwig-pated 
fellow tear a passion to tatters, to very rags, to split 
the ears of the groundlings;^ who, for the most part, 
are capable of nothing but inexplicable dumb shows, 
and noise: I would have such a fellow whipped for 
out-doing Termagant; it out-herods Herod. § Pray 
you, avoid it. 

Play. I warrant your honour. 

Ham. Be not too tame neither, but let your own 
discretion be your tutor: suit the action to the wordj 
the word to the action; with this special observance, 
that you o'erstep not the modesty of nature: for 
any thing so overdone is from the purpose of playing, 
whose end, both at the first, and now, was, and is, to 
hold, as 'twere the mirror up to nature; to show 
virtue her own feature, scorn her own image, and 
the very age and body of the time his form and 
pressure. IT Now this, overdone, or come tardy off, 

* The model by whom all endeavoured to form them- 
selves, t Alienation of mind. 

t The meaner people then seem to have sat in the pit. 
§ Herod's character was always violent, 
f Impression, resemblance. 



HAMLET. 217 

though it make the unskilful laugh, cannot hut make 
the judicious grieve; the censure of which one, must 
in your allowance,* overweigh a whole theatre of 
others O, there be players, that I have seen play, 
—and heard others praise, and that highly,— not to 
*peak it profanely, that, neither having the accent 
of christians, nor the gait of christian, pagan, nor 
man have so strutted, and bellowed, that L have 
thought some of nature's journeymen had made men, 
and not made them well, they imitated humanity so 

1 Play* I hope, we have reformed that indifferently 

^flaro." O, reform it altogether. And, let those that 
t>lav vour clowns, speak no more than is set down 
for them, for there be of them, that will themselves 
lauoh, to set on some quantity of barren spectators 
to laugh too; though in the meantime, some necessary 
questionf of the play be then to be considered: 
that's villanous; and shows a most pitiful ambition 
in the fool that uses it. 

ON FLATTERY, AND AN EVEN-MINDED MAN. 

Nay, do not think I natter: 
For what advancement may I hope from thee, 
That no revenue hast, but thy good spirits, 
To feed and clothe thee? Why should the poor be 

flatter'd? 
No, let the candied tongue lick absurd pomp; 
And crook the pregnant* hinges of the knee, 
Where thrift may follow fawning. Dost thou hear 
Since my dear soul was mistress of her choice, 
And could of men distinguish her election, 
She hath seal'd thee for herselfr for thou hast been 
As one, in suffering all, that suffers nothing, 
A man that fortune's buffets and rewards 
Hast ta'en with equal thanks: and blessed are those 
Whose blood and judgment are so well co-mingled, 
That they are not a pipe for fortune's finger 

* Approbation. t Conversation, discourse. 

$ Quick, ready. 
19 



21S BEAUTIES OF SHAKSPEARE. 

To sound what stop she please: Give me that man 
That is not passion's slave, and I will wear him 
In my heart's core, ay in my heart of heart, 
As I do thee. 

MIDNIGHT. 

'Tis now the very witching time of night; 
When churchyards yawn, and hell itself breathes out 
Contagion to this world: Now could I drink hot 

blood, 
And do such business as the bitter day 
Would quake to look on. Soft ; now to my mother.-* - 
O, heart, lose not thy nature; let not ever 
The soul of Nero enter this firm bosom: 
Let me be cruel, not unnatural: 
I will speak daggers to her, but use none. 

THE KING'S LESPAIRING SOLILOQUY, AND HAMLET'S 
REFLECTIONS ON HIM. 

O, my offence is rank, it smells to heaven; 
It hath the primal eldest curse upon't, 
A brother's murder ! — Pray can I not, 
Though inclination be as sharp as will: 
xvty stronger guilt defeats my strong intent; 
And, like a man to double business bound, 
I stand in pause where I shall first begin, 
And both neglect. What if this cursed hand 
Were thicker than itself with brother's blood? 
Is there not rain enough in the sweet heavens, 
To wash it white as snow? Whereto serves mercy, 
But to confront the visage of offence ? 
And what's in prayer, but this two-fold force,— 
To be forestalled ere we come to fall, 
Or pardon'd, being down? Then I'll look up; 
My fault is past. But, O, what form of prayer 
Can serve my turn? Forgive me my foul murder! 
That cannot be; since 1 am still possess'd 
Of those effects for which. I did the murder, 
My crown, mine own ambition, and my queen. 
May one be pardon'd, and retain the offence ? 
In the corrupted currents of this world, 
Offence ^ gilded hand may shove by justice; 
And oft 'tis seen, the wicked prize itself. 



HAMLET. 219 

Buys out the law: But 'tis not so above: 

There is no shuffling, there the action lies 

In his true nature; and we ourselves compell'd 

Even to the teeth and forehead of our faults, 

To give in evidence. What then? what rests? 

Try what repentance can: What can it not? 

Yet what can it, when one cannot repent? 

O wretched state ! O bosom, black as death ! 

O limid* soul; that struggling to be free, 

Art more engag'd! Help angels, make assay! 

Bow, stubborn knees! and, heart with strings of 

steel; 
Be soft as sinews of the new-born babe; 
All may be well ! [Retires and kneels 

Enter Hamlet. 
Ham. Now might I do it pat, now he is praying, 
And now I'll do't; and so he goes to heaven: 
And so am I reveng'd? That would be scann'd:f 
A villain kills my father; and, for that, 
I, his solej son, do this same villain send 
To heaven. 

Why, this is hire and salary,§ not revenge. 
He took my father grossly, full of bread; 
With all his crimes broad blown, as flush as May 
And, how his audit stands, who knows, save heaven? 
But, in our circumstance and course of thought, 
'Tis heavy with him: And am I then reveng'd, 
To take him in the purging of his soul, 
When he is fit and season'd for his passage? 
No. 

Up, sword; and know thou a more horrid hent :jj 
When he is drunk, asleep, or in his rage; 
Or in the incestuous pleasure of his bed; 
At gaming, swearing; or about some act 
That has no relish of salvation in't: 
Then trip him, that his heels may kick at heaven: 
And that his soul may be as damn'd, and black, 
As hell, whereto it goes. 

* Caught as with bird-lime. 

t Should be considered. i Only. 

§ Reward. II Seize him at. a more horrid time. 



220 BEAUTIES OF SHAKSPEARE. 

HAMLET AND HIS MOTHER. 

Queen. What have I done, thou dar'st wag thy 
tongue 
In noise so rude against me? 

Ham. Such an act, 

That blurs the grace and blush of modesty; 
Calls virtue, hypocrite; takes off the rose 
From the fair forehead of an innocent love, 
And sets a blister there; makes marriage vows 
As false as dicers' oaths: O, such a deed 
As from the body of contraction* plucks 
The very soul; and sweet religion makes 
A rhapsody of words: heav'n's face doth glow; 
Yea, this solidity and compound mass, 
With tristfulf-visage, as against the doom, 
Is thought-sick at the act. 

Queen. Ah me, what act, 

That roars so loud, and thunders in the index. ? J 

Ham. Look here, upon this picture, and on this, 
The counterfeit presentment of two brothers. 
See, what a grace was seated on this brow: 
Hyperion's§ curls; the front of Jove himself: 
An eye like Mars, to threaten and command; 
A station || like the herald Mercury, 
New-lighted on a heaven-kissing hill; 
A combination, and a form, indeed, 
Where every god did seem to set his seal, 
To give the world assurance of a man: 
This was your husband. — Look you now, what fol 

lows: 
Here is your husband; like a mildew'd ear, 
Blasting his wholesome brother. Have you eyes? 
Could you on this fair mountain leave to feed, 
And battenlf on this moor? Ha! have } r ou eyes? 
You cannot call it love; for, at your age, 
The hey-day in the blood is tame, 'tis humble, 
And waits upon the judgment: And what judgment 
Would step from this to this? Sense,** sure you have, 

* Marriage contract. f Sorrowful. 

$ Index of contents prefixed to a book. 

§ Apollo's. || The act of standing. IT To grow fat. 

** Sensation. 



HAMLET. 221 

Eke, could you not have motion : But, sure, that 

sense 
Is apoplex'd; for madness would not err; 
Nor sense to ecstasy* was ne'er so thrall'd, 
But it reserv'd some quantity of choice, 
To serve in such a difference. What devil was't, 
That thus hath cozen'd you at hoodman blind !f 
Eyes without feeling, feeling without sight, 
Ears without hand or eyes, smelling sansj all, 
Or but a sickly part of one true sense 
Could not so mope,§ 

O shame! where is thy blush? Rebellious hell, 
If thou canst mutine in a matron's bones, 
To flaming youth let virtue be as wax, 
And melt in her own fire: Proclaim no shame, 
When the compulsive ardour gives the eharge: 
Since frost itself as actively doth burn, 
And reason panders will. 

Queen. O Hamlet, speak no more. 

Thou turn'st mine eyes into my very soul; 
And there I see such black and grained spots, 
As will not leave their tinct. || 

Enter Ghost. 
Ham. Save me, and hover o'er me with your wings, 
You heavenly guards !— What would your gracious 
figure? 
Queen. Alas, he's mad. 

Ham. Do you not come your tardy son to chide, 
That, laps'd'in time and passion, let's go by 
The important acting of your dread command? 
O, say! 

Ghost. Do not forget* This visitation 
Is but to whet thy almost blunted purpose. 
But, look! amazement on thy mother sits: 
O, step between her and her fighting soul; 
ConceitlT in weakest bodies strongest works; 
Speak to her, Hamlet. 

Ham. How is it with you, lady ? 

Queen. Alas, how is't with you? 

* Frenzy. t Blindman's-buff. % Without. 

5 Be so stupid. 11 Colour ^T Imagination 

19* 



222 BEAUTIES OF SHAKSPEARE. 

That you do bend your eye on vacancy, 
And with the incorporeal air do hold discourse? 
Forth at your eyes your spirits wildly peep; 
And, as the sleeping soldiers in the alarm, 
Your bedded hair, like life in excrements,* 
Starts up, and stands on end. O, gentle son, 
Upon the heat and flame of thy distemper 
Sprinkle cool patience. Whereon do you look? 
Ham. On him! On him! — Look you, how pale he 
glares ! 
His form and cause conjoin'd, preaching to stones, 
Would make them capable. f — Do not look upon me, 
Lest, with this piteous action, you convert 
My stern effects :| then what I have to do 
Will want true colour; tears, perchance, § for blood. 
Queen. To whom do you speak this? 
Ham. Do you see nothing there? 

Queen. Nothing at all; yet all, that is, I see. 
Ham. Nor did you nothing hear? 
Queen. No, nothing, but ourselves. 
Ham. Why, look you there ! look, how it steali 
away ! 
My father, in his habit as he liv'd! 
Look, where he goes, ev'n now, out at the portal' 

[Exit Ghost. 
Queen. This is the very coinage of your brain: 
This bodiless creation ecstasy f, 
Is very cunning in. 

Ham. Ecstasy ! 

My pulse, as yours, doth temperately keep time, 
And makes as healthful music: It is not. madness, 
That I have uttered: bring me to the test, 
And 1 the matter will re-word: which madness 
Would gambol from. Mother, for love of grace, 
Lay not that flattering unction to your soul. 
That not your trespass, but my madness speaks: 
It will but skin and film the ulcerous place; 
Whiles rank corruption, mining all within, 

* The hair of animals is excrementitious, that is, withon 
hie or sensation. 

t Intelligent. X Actions. 

§ Perhaps. ]j Frenzy. 



HAMLET. 223 

Infects unseen. Confess yourself to heaven; 

Repent what's past; avoid what is to come; 

And do not spread the compost* on the weeds, 

To make them ranker. Forgive me this my virtue 

For in the fatness of these pursy times, 

Virtue itse!f of vice must pardon beg; 

Yea, curbf and woo, for leave to do him good. 

Queen. O Hamlet ! thou hast cleft my heart in 
twain. 

Ham. O, throw away the worser part of it, 
And live the purer with the other half. 
Good night, but go not to my uncle's bed; 
Assume a virtue, if you have it not. 
That monster, custom, who all sense doth eat. 
Of habit's devil, is angel yet in this; 
That to the use of actions fair and good 
He likewise gives a frock, or livery, 
That aptly is put on: Refrain to-night; 
And that shall lend a kind of easiness 
To the next abstinence: the next more easy: 
For use almost can change the stamp of nature, 
And either curb the devil, or throw him out 
With wondrous potency. Once more, good night < 
And when you are desirous to be bless'd, 
I'll blessing beg of you. — For this same lord, 

[Pointing to Polonius. 
I do repent: But heaven hath pleas'd it so,— 
To punish me with this, and this with me, 
That I must be their scourge and minister. 
I will bestow him, and will answer weli 
The death I gave him. So, again; good night! 
I must be cruel, onlj r to be kind: 
Thus bad begins, and worse remains behind. — 
But one word more, good lady. 

Queen. What shall I do? 

Ham. Not this, by no means, that I bid you dc 
Let the bloat king tempt you again to bed; 
Pinch wanton on your cheek; call you his mouse ;i 
And let him, for a pair of reechy§ kisses, 

* Manure. t Bend. t A term of endearment. 
§ Steaming with heat. 



224 BEAUTIES OF SHAKSPEARE. 

Or paddling in your neck with his damn'd fingers, 

Make you to ravel all this matter out, 

That I essentially am not in madness, 

But mad in craft. 'Twere good, you let him know: 

For who, that's but a queen, fair, sober, wise, 

Would from a paddock* from a bat, a gih,f 

Such dear concernings hide? Who would do so? 

No, in despite of sense and secresy, 

Unpeg the basket on the house's top, 

Let the birds fly, and, like the famous ape, 

To try conclusions,^ in the basket creep, 

And break your own neck down. 

Queen. Be thou assur'd, if words be made of breath. 
And breath of life, I have no life to breathe 
What thou hast said to me. 

Ham. 1 must to England: you know that? 

Queen. Alack, 

I had forgot; 'tis so concluded on. 

Ham. There's letters seal'd: and my two school 
fellows, — 
Whom I will trust, as I will adders fang'd,§ 
They bear the mandate; they must sweep my way, 
And marshal me to knavery: Let it work; 
For 'tis the sport, to have the engineer 
Hoist from his own petar:|| and it shall go hard, 
But I will delve one yard below their mines, 
And blow them at the moon. 

ACT IV 

hamlet's irresolution. 
How all occasions do inform against me, 
And spur my dull revenge ! What is a man, 
If his chief good, and marketlf of his time, 
Be but to sleep, and feed ? a beast, no more. 
Sure, he, that made us with such large discourse,** 
Looking before, and after, gave us not 
S'hat capability and godlike reason 

* Toad. f Cat. $ Experiments. 

§ Having their teeth. 

!' Blown up with his own bomb tf Profit. 

'* Power of comprehension 



HAMLET. 225 

To fust* in us unus'd. Now, whether it be 
Bestial oblivion, or some cravenf scruple 
Of thinking too precisely on the event, — 
A thought, which, quarter'd, hath but one part wis- 
dom, 
And, ever, three parts coward, — I do not know 
Why yet I live to say, This thing's to do; 
Sithf 1 have cause, and will, and strength, and 

means, 
To do't. Examples, gross as earth, exhort me: 
Witness, this army of such mass, and charge, 
Led by a delicate and tender prince; 
Whose spirit, with divine ambition pufF'd, 
Makes mouths at the invisible event; 
Exposing what is mortal, and unsure, 
To all that fortune, death, and danger, dare, 
Even for an egg-shell. Rightly to be great, 
Is, not to stir without great argument; 
But greatly to find quarrel in a straw, 
When honour's at the stake. How stand I then, 
That have a father kill'd, a mother stain'd 
Excitements of my reason, and my blood. 
And let all sleep? while, to my shame, I see 
The imminent death of twenty thousand men, 
That, for a fantasy, and trick of fame, 
Go to their graves like beds: fight for a plot 
Whereon the numbers cannot try the cause, 
Which is not tomb enough, and continent, 
To hide the slain ? — O, from this time forth, 
My thoughts be bloody, or be nothing worth! 

SORROWS RARELY SINGLE. 

O Gertrude, Gertrude, 
When sorrows come, they come not single spies, 
But in battalions ! 

THE DIVINITY OF KINGS. 

Let him go, Gertrude; do not fear our person; 
There's such a divinity doth hedge a king, 
That treason can but keep to what it would, 
Acts little of his will. 

* Grow mouldy. 

t Cowardly. " t Since. 



226 BEAUTIES OF SHAKSPEARE. 

DESCRIPTION OF OPHELIA'S DEATH. 

Queen. There is a willow grows ascaunt the brook 
That shows his hoar leaves in the glassy stream; 
There with fantastic garlands did she make 
Of crow-flowers, nettles, daisies, and long purples,* 
That liberalf shepherds give a grosser name, 
But our cold maids do dead men's fingers call them 
There on the pendant boughs her coronet weeds 
Clambering to hang, an envious sliver broke; 
When down her weedy trophies, and herself, 
Fell in the weeping brook. Her clothes spread wide; 
And, mermaid-like, awhile they bore her up: 
Which time, she chanted snatches of old tunes; 
As one incapable}: of her own distress, 
Or like a creature native and indu'd 
Unto that element: but long it could not be, 
Till that her garments, heavy with their drink, 
Pull'd the poor wretch from her melodious lay 
To muddy death. 

ACT V. 

HAMLET'S REFLECTIONS ON YORICK'S SCULL. 

Grave-digger. A pestilence on him for a mad 
rogue ! he poured a flagon of Rhenish on my head 
once, this same scull, sir, was Yorick's scull, the 
king's jester. 

Ham. This? [Takes the scull. 

Grrave-digger. E'en that. 

Ham. Alas! poor Yorick! — I knew him, Horatio, 
a fellow of infinite jest; of most excellent fancy: he 
hath borne me on his back a thousand times; and 
now, how abhorred in my imagination it is! my gorge 
rises at it. Here hung those lips, that I have kissed 
I know not how oft. Where be your gibes now? 
your gambols? your songs? your flashes of merriment, 
that were wont to set the table on a roar? Not one 
now to mock your own grinning? quite chap-fallen? 
Now get you to my lady's chamber, and tell her, let 

* Orchis morio mas. + I icentious. % Insensible. 



JULIUS CESAR. 227 

her paint an inch thick, to this favour* she must 
come; make her laugh at that. 

Ophelia's interment. 

Lay her i' the earth; 
And from her fair and unpolluted flesh, 
May violets spring! — I tell thee, churlish priest, 
A ministering angel shall my sister be, 
When thou liest howling. 

MELANCHOLY. 

This is mere madness: 
And thus awhile the fit will work on him. 
Anon, as patient as the female dove, 
When that her golden couplets are disclos'd,i 
His silence will sit drooping. 

PROVIDENCE DIRECTS OUR ACTIONS. 

And that should teach us, 
There's a divinity that shapes our ends 
Rough-hew them how we will. 

A HEALTH. 

Give me the cups; 
And let the kettle to the trumpet speak, 
The trumpet to the cannoneer without, 
The cannons to the heavens, the heaven to earth. 
Now the king drinks to Hamlet. 

JULIUS CESAR. 
ACT I. 

PATRIOTISM. 

WHAT is that you would impart to me? 
If it be aught toward the general good, 
Set honour in one eye, and death i' the other, 
And I will look on both indifferently: 
For, let the gods so speed me, as I love 
The name of honour more than I fear death* 

CONTEMPT OF CASSIUS FOR CESAR, 

I was born free as Cesar; so were you. 
* Countenance, complexion. t Hatched 



223 BEAUTIES OF SHAKSPEARE. 

We both have fed as well; and we can both 

Endure the winter's cold, as well as he. 

For once, upon a raw and gusty* day, 

The troubled Tiber chafing with her shores, 

Cesar said to me, Dar'st thou, Cassius, now 

Leap in with me into this angry flood, 

And swim to yonder point? Upon the word, 

Accouter'd as I was, I plunged in, 

And bade him follow: so, indeed, he did. 

The torrent roar'd; and we did buffet it 

With lusty sinews; throwing it aside 

And stemming it with hearts of controversy. 

But ere we could arrive the point propos'd, 

Cesar cry'd, Help me, Cassius, or I sink. 

I, as iEneas, our great ancestor, 

Did from the flames of Troy upon his shoulder 

The old Anchises bear, so, from the waves of Tiber 

Did I the tired Cesar: And this man 

Is now become a god; And Cassius is 

A wretehed creature, and must bend his body, 

If Cesar carelessly but nod on him. 

He had a fever when he was in Spain, 

And, when the fit was on him, I did mark, 

How he did shake: 'tis true, this god did shake: 

His coward lips did from their colour fly; 

And that same eye, whose bend doth awe the world 

Did lose his lustre: I did hear him groan: 

Ay, and that tongue of his, that bade the Romans 

Mark him, and write his speeches in their books; 

Alas! it cried. Give me some drink, Titinius, 

As a sick girl. Ye gods, it doth amaze me, 

A man of such a feeble temperf should 

So get the start of the majestic world, 

An^ bear the palm alone. [Shout. Flourish. 

Bru. Another general shout ! 
I do believe, that these applauses are 
For some new honours that arc heap'd on Cesar. 

Cas. Why, man, he doth bestride the narrow 

world, i 

* Windy. f Temperament, constitution. 



JULIUS CESAR. 229 

1 ike a Colossus: and we petty men 
Walk under his huge legs, and peep about 
To find ourselves dishonourable graves. 
Men at some time are masters of their fates; 
The fault, dear Brutus, is not in our stars, 
But in ourselves, that we are underlings. 
Brutus, and Cesar: What should be in that Cesar? 
Why should that name be sounded more than yours? 
Write them together, yours is as fair a name; 
Sound them, it doth become the mouth as well: 
Weigh them, it is as heavy; conjure them, 
Brutus will start a spirit as soon as Cesar. [Shout. 
Now in the names of all the gods at once, 
Upon what meat doth this our Cesar feed, 
That he is grown so great? Age, thou art sham'd: 
Rome, thou hast lost the breed of noble bloods! 
When went there by an age, since the great flood, 
But it was fam'd with more than with one man? 
When could they say, till now, that talk'd of Rome, 
That her wide walks encompassed but one man? 
cesar's dislikc of cassius. 
'Would he were fatter: — But I fear him not: 
Yet if my name were liable to fear, 
I do not know the man I should avoid 
So soon as that spare Cassius. He reads much: 
He is a great observer, and he looks 
Quite through the deeds of men: he loves no plays, 
As thou dost, Antony; he hears no music: 
Seldom he smiles; and smiles in such a sort. 
As if he mock'd himself, and scorn'd his spirit, 
That could be mov'd to smile at any thing; 
Such men as he be never at heart's ease, 
Whiles they behold a greater than themselves, 
And therefore are they very dangerous. 
I rather tell thee what is to be fear'd, 
Than w v ^i I fear, for always I am Cesar. 

SPIRIT OF LIBERTY. 

I know where I will wear this dagger then: 
Cassius from bondage will deliver Cassius: 
Therein, ye gods, you make the weak most strong. 
Therein, ve gods, you tyrants do defeat: 
20 



230 BEAUTIES OF SHAKSPEARE. 

Nor stony tower, nor walls of beaten brass, 
Nor airless dungeon, nor strong links of iron, 
Can be retentive to the strength of spirit: 
But life, being weary of these worldly tsars, 
Never lacks power to dismiss itself. 
If I know this, know all the world besides, 
That part of tyranny, that I do bear, 
can shake off at pleasure. 



ACT II. 

AMBITION CLOTHED IN SPECIOUS HUMILITY. 

But 'tis a common proof,* 
That lowliness is young ambition's ladder, 
Whereto the climber-upward turns his face: 
But when he once attains the upmost round, 
He then unto the ladder turns his back, 
Looks in the clouds, scorning the base degreesf 
By which he did ascend. 

CONSPIRACY DREADFUL TILL EXECUTED 

Between the acting of a dreadful thing 
And the first motion, all the interim is 
Like a phantasmal or a hideous dream: 
The genius, and the mortal instruments, 
Are then in council; and the state of man, 
Like to a little kingdom, suffers then 
The nature of an insurrection. 

BRUTUS'S APOSTROPHE TO CONSPIRACY. 

O conspiracy! 
Sham'st thou to show thy dangerous brow by night, 
When evils are most free! O, then, by day, 
Where wilt thou find a cavern dark enough 
To mask thy monstrous visage? Seek none, conspi« 

. rac y; 

Hide in it smiles, and affability: 
For if thou path thy native semblance§ on, 
NotErebus|| itself were dim enough 
To hide thee from prevention. 

* Experience. t Low steps. t Visionary. 

S Walk in thy true form. II HelL 







flWBil 

MB 

311 




3JWEJM& ffiteHU 

Portia. And when 1 ask'd you what the matter was, 
You stared upon me with ungentle looks. 

Act II. Sc. 1. 









§fif»»« 



JULIUS CESAR 281 

AGAINST CRUELTY. 

Gentle friends. 
Let's kill him boldly, but not wrathfully; 
Let's carve him as a dish fit for the gods, 
Not hew him as a carcase fit for hounds; 
And let our hearts, as subtle masters do, 
Stir up their servants to an act of rage, 
And after seem to chide them. 

SLEEP. 

Enjoy the honey-heavy dew of slumber: 
Thou hast no figures,* nor no fantasies, 
Which busy care draws in the brains of men; 
Therefore thou sleep'st so sound. 

portia's speech to brutus. 
You have ungently, Brutus, 
Stole from my bed; and yesternight at supper, 
You suddenly arose, and walk'd about, 
Musing, and sighing, with your arms across: 
And when I ask'd you what the matter was, 
You star'd upon me with ungentle looks: 
I urg'd you further; then you scratch'd your head, 
And too impatiently stamp'd with your foot: 
Yet I insisted, yet you answered not; 
But, with an angry wafture of your hand, 
Gave sign for me to leave you: So I did; 
Fearing to strengthen that impatience, 
Which seeem'd too much enkindled; and withal, 
Hoping that it was but an effect of humour 
Which sometime hath his hour with every man. 
It will not let you eat, nor talk, nor sleep: 
And, could it work so much upon your shape, 
As it hath much prevail'd on your condition, T 
I should not know you, Brutus. Dear my lord, 
Make me acquainted with your cause of grief. 

CALPHURNIA.'S ADDRESS TO CESAR ON THE PRODI- 
GIES SEEN THE NIGHT BEFORE HIS DEATH. 

Cal. Cesar, I never stood on ceremonies,! 
Yet now they fright me. There is one within, 

* Shapes created by imagination. f Temper. 
% Never paid a regard to prodigies or omens. 



BEAUTIES OF SHAKSPEARE. 



Besides the things that we have heard and seen, 

Recounts most horrid sights seen by the watch. 

A lioness hath whelped in the streets; 

And graves have yawn'd, and yielded up their dead 

Fierce fiery warriors fight upon the clouds, 

In ranks, and squadrons, and right form of war, 

Which drizzled blood upon the Capitol: 

The noise of battle hurtled* in the air, 

Horses did neigh, and dying men did groan; 

And ghosts did shriek, and squealt about the streets. 

O Cesar! these things are beyond all use, 

And I do fear them. 

Ces. What can be avoided, 

Whose end is purpos'd by the mighty gods? 
Yet Cesar shall go forth: for these predictions 
Are to the world in general, as to Cesar. 

Cal. When beggars die, there are no comets seen. 
The heavens themselves blaze forth the death of 
princes. 

AGAINST THE FEAR OF DEATH. 

Cowards die many times before their deaths; 
The valiant never taste of death but once. 
Of all the wonders that I yet have heard, 
It seems to me most strange that men should fear, 
Seeing that death, a necessary end, 
Will ceme, when it will come. 

DANGER. 

Danger knows full well 
That Cesar is more dangerous than he. 
We were two lions litter'd in one day, 
And I the elder and more terrible. 

ENVY. 

My heart laments that virtue cannot live 
Out of the teeth of emulation. t 

ACT III. 

ANTONY'S ADDRESS TO THE CORPSE OF CES KR, 

O, mighty Cesar! Dost thou lie so low? 
* Encountered. | Cry with pain. t Envy. 



JULIUS CESAR. 233 

Are all thy conquests, glories, triumphs, spoils, 
Shrunk to this little measure? — Fare thee well. 

ANTONY'S SPEECH TO THE CONSPIRATORS. 

I know not, gentlemen, what you intend, 
Who else must be let blood, who else is rank:* 
If 1 myself, there is no hour so fit 
As Cesar's death's hour; nor no instrument 
Of half that worth as those your swords, made rich 
"With the most noble blood of all this world. 
1 do beseech ye, if you bear me hard, 
Now, whilst your purpled hands do reek and smoke 
Fulfil your pleasure. Live a thousand years, 
I shall not find myself so apt to die: 
No place will please me so, no mean of death, 
As here by Cesar, and by you cut off, 
The choice and master spirits of this age. 

REVENGE. 

Cesar's spirit, ranging for revenge, 
With Ate by his side, come hot from hell, 
Shall in these confines, with a monarch's voice, 
Cry Havocrf and let slipj the dogs of war. 

BRUTUS'S SPEECH TO THE PEOPLE. 

If there be any in this assembly, any dear friend 
of Cesar's; to him I say, that Brutus's love to Cesar 
was no less than his. If then that friend demand, 
why Brutus rose against Cesar, this is my answer, 
— ]>Jot that I loved Cesar less, but that I loved Rome 
more. Had you rather Cesar were living, and die 
all slaves; than that Cesar were dead, to live all 
freemen? As Cesar loved me, I veep for him; as he 
was fortunate, I rejoice at it; as he was valiant, I 
honour him; but, as he was ambitious, I slew him. 
There is tears for his love; joy, for his fortune: 
honour, for his valour; and death, for his ambition. 
Who is here so base, that would be a bondman? If 
any, speak; for him have I offended. Who is here so 

* Grown too high for the public safety, 
t The signal for giving no quarter. 
% To let slip a dog at a deer, &c. was the technical 
hrase of Shakspeare's time. 
20* 



234 BEAUTIES OF SHAKSPEARE. 

rude, that would not be a Roman? if any, speak; 
for him have 1 offended. Who is here so vile, that 
will not love his country? If any, speak; for him 
have I offended. 

antony's funeral oration. 
Friends, Romans, countrymen, lend me your ears 
I come to bury Cesar, not to praise him. 
The evil, that men do, lives after them; 
The good is oft interred with their bones: 
So let it be with Cesar. The noble Brutus 
Hath told you, Cesar was ambitious: 
If it were so, it was a grievous fault; 
And grievously hath Cesar answer'd it. 
Here, under leave of Brutus, and the rest, 
(For Brutus is an honourable man; 
So are they all, all honourable men;) 
Come I to speak in Cesar's funeral. 
He Avas my friend, faithful and just to me: 
But Brutus says, he was ambitious; 
And Brutus is an honourable man. 
He hath brought many captives home to Rome, 
Whose ransoms did the general coffers fill: 
Did this in Cesar seem ambitious? 
When that the poor have cried, Cesar hath wept 
Ambition should be made of sterner stuff: 
Yet Brutus says, he was ambitious; 
And Brutus is an honourable man. 
You all did see, that on the Lupercal, 
I thrice presented him a kingly crown, 
Which he did thrice refuse. Was this ami; 
Yet Brutus says, he was ambitious; 
And, sure, he is an honourable man. 
I speak not to disprove what Brutus spoke, 
But here 1 am to speak what 1 do know, 
You all did love him once, not without cayre; 
What cause withholds you then to mourn for i; : i'.i: 
O judgment, thou art fled to brutish beast; . 
And men have lost their rrason! — Bear with rr.e; 
My heart is in the coriin there with Ces 
And I must pause till it come back to m;. 
# * * # * 



JULIUS CESAR. 285 

But yesterday, the word of Cesar might 

Have stood against the world: now lies he there, 

And none so poor* to do him reverence. 

masters ! if I were dispos'd to stir 

Your hearts and minds to mutiny and rage, 

1 should do Brutus wrong, and Cassius wrong, 
Who, you all know, are honourable men: 

1 will not do them wrong: I rather choose 

To wrong the dead, to wrong myself and you, 

Than I will wrong such honourable men, 

But here's a parchment, with the seal of Cesar, 

I found it in his closet, 'tis his will: 

Let but the commons hear this testament, 

(Which, pardon me, I do not mean to read,) 

And they would go and kiss dear Cesar's wounds, 

And dip their napkinsf in his sacred blood; 

Yea, beg a hair of him for memory, 

And, dying, mention it within their wills, 

Bequeathing it, as a rich legacy, 

Unto their issue. 

4 Cit. We'll hear the will: Read it, Mark Antony. 

Cit. The will, the will; we will hear Cesar's will. 

Jint. Have patience, gentle friends, I must not 
read it; 
It is not meet you know how Cesar lov'd you. 
You are not wood, you are not stones, but men; 
And, being men, hearing the will of Cesar, 
It will inflame you, it will make you mad: 
'Tis good you know not that you are his heirs; 
For, if vou should, O, what would come of it ! 

4 Cit. Read the will; we will hear it, Antony; 
YTou shall read us the will: Cesar's will. 

Ant. Will you be patient? Will you stay a while? 
I have o'ershot myself, to tell you of it, 
( fear, I wrong the honourable men, 
Whose daggers have stabb'd Cesar: 1 do fear it. 

4 at. They were traitors: Honourable men! 

lit. The will ! the testament ! 

* The meanest man is now too high to do reverence to 
e sar. t Handkerchiefs 



236 BEAUTIES OF SHAKSPEARE. 

2 Cit. They were villains, murderers: The will! 
Read the will! 

Ant. You will compel me then to read the will? 
Then make a ring about the corpse of Cesar, 
And let me show you him that made the will. 
Shall I descend? And will you give me leave? 

Cit. Come down. 

2 Cit. Descend. [He comes down from the pulpit. 
» # # * * 

Ant If yeu have tears, prepare to shed them now. 
You all do know this mantle: I remember 
The first time ever Cesar put it on; 
'Twas on a summer's evening, in his tent; 
That day he overcame the Nervii: — 
Look: in this place, ran Cassius' dagger through; 
See, what a rent the envious Casca made! 
Through this, the well-beloved Brutus stabb'd; 
And, as he pluck'd his cursed steel away, 
Mark how the blood of Cesar follow'd it; 
As rushing out of doors to be resolv'd 
If Brutus so unkindly knock'd, or no; 
For Brutus, as you know, was Cesar's angel. 
Judge, O you gods, how dearly Cesar lov'd him! 
This was the most unkindest cut of all: 
For when the noble Cesar saw him stab, 
Ingratitude, more strong than traitors'- arms, 
Quite vanquish'd him: then burst his mighty heart; 
And, in his mantle muffling up his face, 
Even at the base of Pompey's statua,* 
Which all the while ran blood, great Cesar fell. 
O, what a fall was there, my countrymen ! 
Then I, and you, and all of us fell down, 
Whilst bloody treason flourish'd over us.f 
O, now } r ou weep; and, I perceive, you feel 
The dint \ of pity: these are gracious drops. 
Kind souls, what weep you, when you but behold 
Our Cesar's vesture wounded? Look you here, 
Here is himself, marr'd as you see with traitors. 
1 Cit. O piteous spectacle ! 

* Statua, for statue, is common among the old writers, 
t Was successful. X Impression. 



JULIUS CESAR. 237 

* # * * 

2 Cit. We will be revenged: revenge; about, — 
seek, — burn, — fire, — kill, — slay! — let not a traitor 
live. 

Ant. Good friends, sweet friends, let me not stir 
you up 
To such a sudden flood of mutiny. 
They, that have done this deed, are honourable; 
What private griefs* they have, alas, I know not, 
That made vhem do it, they are wise and honourable. 
And will, no doubt, with reasons answer you. 
I come not, friends, to steal away your hearts; 
I am no orator, as Brutus is: 
But, as you know me all, a plain blunt man, 
That love my friend; and that they know full well 
That gave me public leave to speak of him. 
For I have neither wit, nor words, nor worth, 
Action, nor utterance, nor the power of speech, 
To stir men's blood: I only speak right on; 
I tell you that, which you yourselves do know; 
Show you sweet Cesar's wounds, poor, poor dumb 

mouths, 
And bid them speak for me : But were I Brutus, 
And Brutus Antony, there were an Antony 
Would runie up your spirits, and put a tongue 
In every wound of Cesar, that should move 
The stones of Rome to rise and mutiny. 

ACT IV. 

CEREMONY INSINCERE. 

Ever note, Lucilius, 
V\ r hen love begins to sicken and decay, 
It useth an enforced ceremony. 
There are no tricks in plain and simple faith: 
But hollow men, like horses hot at hand, 
Make gallant show and promise of their mettle: 
But when they should endure the bloody spur, 
They fall their crests, and, like deceitful jades, 
Sink in the trial. 

* Grievances. 



238 BEAUTIES OF SHAKSPEARE. 

THE TENT SCENE BETWEEN BRUTUS AND CASSIUS. 

Cas. That you have wrong'd me, doth appear in 
this: 
You have condemn'd and noted Lucius Pella, 
For taking bribes here of the Sardians; 
Wherein, my letters, praying on his side, 
Because I knew the man, were slighted off. 

Bru. You wrong'd yourself, to write in such a case. 

Cas. In such a time as this, it is not meet 
That every nice* offence should bear his comment. 

Bru. Let me tell you, Cassius, you yourself 
Are much condemn'd to have an itching palm, 
To sell and mart your offices for gold, 
To undeservers. 

Cas. I an itching palm? 

You know that you are Brutus that speak this, 
Or, by the gods, this speech were else your last. 

Bru. The name of Cassius honours this corruption 
And chastisement doth therefore hide his head. 

Cas. Chastisement ! 

Bru. Remember March, the ides of March re- 
member! 
Did not great Julius bleed for justice' sake? 
What villain touch'd his body, that did stab, 
And. not for justice? What, shall one of us, 
That struck the foremost man of all this world, 
But for supporting robbers; shall we now, 
Contaminate our fingers with base bribes? 
And- sell the mighty space of our large honours, 
For so 'much trash, as may be grasped thus? — 
I had rather be a dog, and bayf the moon, 
Than such a Roman. 

Cas. Brutus, bay not me, 

I'll not endure it: you forget yourself, 
To hedge me in;+ I am a soldier, I 
Older in practice, abler than yourself 
To make conditions. § 

Bru. Go to; you're not, Cassius. 

Cas. I am. 

* Trifling. t Bait, bark at. t Limit my authority 
§ Terms, fit to confer the offices at mydisposal. 



JULIUS CESAR. 239 

Bru I say you are not. 

Cas. Urge me no more, I shall forget myself; 
Have mind upon your health, tempt me no further 

Bru. Away, slight man ! 

Cas. Is't possible? 

Bru. Hear me, for I will speak. 

Must 1 give way and room to your rash choler? 
Shall I be frighted when a madman stares? 

Cas. O ye gods! ye gods! Must I endure all this 

Bru. All this? ay, more: Fret, till your proud 
heart break; 
Go, show your slaves how choleric you are, 
And make your bondmen tremble. Must I budge? 
Must I observe you? Must I stand and crouch 
Under your testy humour? By the gods, 
You shall digest the venom of your spleen, 
Though it do split you: for, from this day forth, 
I'll use you for my mirth, yea, for my laughter, 
When you are waspish. 

Cas. Is it come to this? 

Bru. You say, you are a better soldier: 
Let it appear so; make your vaunting true, 
And it shall please me well: For mine own part, 
I shall be glad to learn of noble men. 

Cas. You wrong me every way, yjm wrong me, 
Brutus: 
I said, an elder soldier, not a better: 
Did I say, better? 

Bru. If you did, I care not. 

Cas. When Cesar liv'd, he durst not thus have 
mov'd me. 

Bru. Peace, peace; you durst not thus have tempt 
ed him. 

Cas. I durst not? 

Bru. No. 

Cas. What? durst not tempt him ? 

Bru. For your life you durst not. 

Cas. Do not presume too much upon my love, 
I may do that I shall be sorry for. 

Bru. You have done that you should be sorry for 
Th^re is no terror, Cassius, in your threats: 



2-fO BEAUTIES OF SHAKSPEARE. 

For I am arm'd so strong in honesty, 

That they pass by me, as the idle wind, 

Which I respect not. I did send to you 

For certain sums of gold, which you denied me; 

For I can raise no money by vile means: 

By heaven, I had rather coin my heart, 

And drop my blood for drachmas,* than to wring 

From the hard hands of peasants their vile trash, 

By an} r indirection. I did send 

To you for gold to pay my legions, 

Which you denied me: Was that done like Cassiusf 

Should I have answer 'd Caius Cassius so? 

When Marcus Brutus grows so covetous, 

To lock such rascal counters from his friends, 

Be ready, gods, with all your thunder bolts, 

Dash him to pieces! 

Cas I denied you not. 

Bru. You did. 

Cas. I did not: — he was but a fool, 

That brought my answer back. — Brutus hath riv'dj 

my heart: 
A friend should bear his friend's infirmities, 
But Brutus makes mine greater than they are. 

Bru. I do not, till you practice them on me. 

Cas. You love me not. 

Bru. I do not like your faults. 

Cas. A friendly eye could never see such faults. 

Bru. A flatterer's would not, though they do appear 
As huge as high Olympus. 

Cas. Come, Antony, and young Octavius, come, 
Revenge yourselves alone on Cassius, 
For Cassius is aweary of the world: 
Hated by one he loves: brav'd by his brother: 
Check'd like a bondman; all his faults observ'd. 
Set in a note-book, learn'd, and conn'd by rote, 
To cast into my teeth. O, I could weep 
My spirit from mine eyes! — There is my dagger, 
And here my naked breast; within, a heart 
Dearer than P^utus' mine, richer than gold: 
If that thou be'st a Roman, take it forth; 
I, that deny'd thee gold, will give my heart: 
* Coin. t Split. 



JULIUS CESAR. 241 

Strike, as thou didst at Cesar; for, I know, 

When thou didst hate him worst, thou lov'dst him 

better 
Than ever thou lov'dst Cassius. 

Bru. Sheath your dagger: 

Be angry when you will, it shall have scope; 
Do what you will, dishonour shall be humour. 
O Cassius, you are yoked with a lamb 
That carries anger as the flint bears fire; 
Who, much enforced, shows a hasty spark, 
And straight is cold again. 

Cas. Hath Cassius liv'd 

To be but mirth and laughter to his Brutus, 
When grief, and blood ill-temper'd vexeth him? 

Bru. When I spoke that, I was ill-tempered too 

Cas. Do you confess so much? Give me your hand, 

Bru. And my heart too. 

Cas. O Brutus!— 

Bru. What is the matter? 

Cas. Have you not love enough to bear with me, 
When that rash humour, which my mother gave me, 
Makes me forgetful ? 

Bru. Yes, Cassius; and henceforth, 

When you are over-earnest with your Brutus, 
He'll think your mother chides, and leave you so. 
* * * * * 

Bru. O Cassius, I am sick of many griefs. 

Cas. Of your philosophy you make no use, 
If you give place to accidental evils. 

Bru. No man bears sorrow better :— Portia is dead. 

Cas. Ha! Portia! 

Bru. She is dead. 

Cas. How 'scap'd I killing, when I cross'd yon 



so 



O insupportable and touching loss!— 
Upon what sickness? 

Bru. Impatient of my absence; 

And grief, that young Octavius with Mark Antony 
Have made themselves so strong;— for with her death 
That tidings came.— With this she fell distract, 
And, her attendants absent, swallow'd fire 
21 



242 BEAUTIES OF SHAKSPEARE. 

Cas. And died so? 

Bru. Even so. 

Cas. O ye immortal gods! 

£nir Lucius with Wine and Tapers 
Bru. Speak no more of her.-Give me a bowl of 

[n this HlbuTy all unkindness, Cassius [Drinks. 

Cas. My heart is thirsty for that noble pledge: 
Fill Lucius, till the wine o'erswell the cup; 
I cannot drink too much of Brutus' love. [Drints 

OPPORTUNITY TO BE SEIZED ON ALE OCCASIONS OF 
LIFE. 

There is a tide in the affairs of men, 
Which, taken at the Hood, leads on to fortune: 
Omitted, all the voyage of their hie 
Is bound in shallows, and in miseries, 
On such a full sea are we now afloat; 
And we must take the current when it serves, 
Or lose our ventures. 

ACT V. 

THE PARTING OF BRUTUS AND CASSIUS. 

Bru. No, Cassius, no; think not, thou noble Ro- 

That ever Brutus will go bound to Rome; 
He bears too great a mind. But this same day 
Must end thafwork, the ides of March begun; 
And whether we shall meet again I know not. 
Therefore our everlasting farewell take.— 
For ever, and for ever, farewell, Cassius! 
If we do meet again, why we shall smile; 
If not, why then this parting was well made 

Cas. For ever, and for ever farewell Brutus! 
If we do meet again, we'll smile indeed. 
T* not 'tis true, this parting was well made. 

Bru. Why, then, Fead on.-O, that a man might 

know i 

The end of this day's business ere it come . 
But it sufficeth, that the aay will end, 
And then the end is known. 



KING LEAR. 243 

MELANCHOLY THE PARENT OF ERROR. 

O hateful error, melancholy's child; 
Why dost thou show to the apt thoughts of men 
The things that are not! O error soon conceiv'd, 
Thou never com'st unto a happy birth, 
But kiir*t the mother that engender'd thee. 
antony's character of brutus. 

This was the noblest Roman of them all: 
All the conspirators, save only he, 
Did that they did in envy of great Cesar: 
He only, in a general honest thought, 
And common good to all, made one of them. 
His life was gentle; and the elements 
So mix'd in him, that Nature might stand up, 
And say to all the world, This was a man! 

KING LEAR. 



ACT I. 

A father's anger. 

LET it be so,— Thy truth then be thy dower: 
For, by the sacred radiance of the sun; 
The mysteries of Hecate, and the night: 
By all the operations of the orbs, 
From whence we do exist, and cease to be; 
Here I disclaim all my paternal care, 
Propinquity* and property of blood, 
And as a stranger to my heart and me 
Hold thee, from this,f for ever. The barbarous Scy 

thian, 
Or he that makes his generation^ messes 
To gorge his appetite, shall to my bosom 
Be as well neighbour'd, pitied, and reliev'd, 
As thou my sometime daughter. 
eastardv. 

Thou, nature, art my goddess; to thy law 
My services are bound: Wherefore should 1 
Stan J in the plague§ of custom; and permit 

* Kindred, t From this time. X His children. 

§ The injustice 



244 BEAUTIES OF SHAKSPEARE. 

The curiosity* of nations to deprive me, 

For that I am some twelve or fourteen moon-shines 

Lag of a brother? Why bastard? wherefore base? 

When my dimensions are as well compact, 

My mind as generous, and my shape as true, 

As honest madam's issue? Why brand they us 

With base? with baseness? bastardy? base, base? 

Who, in the lusty stealth of nature, take 

More composition and fierce quality, 

Than doth, within a dull, stale, tired bed, 

Go to the creating a whole tribe of fops, 

Got 'tween asleep and wake? 

ASTROLOGY RIDICULED. 

This is the excellent foppery of the world! that 
when we are sick in fortune (often the surfeit of our 
own behaviour,) we make guilty of our disasters, the 
sun, the moon, and the stars: as if we were villains 
by necessity: fools by heavenly compulsion: knaves, 
thieves, and treachers,f by spherical predominance: 
drunkards, liars, and adulterers, by an enforced obe- 
dience of planetary influence; and all that we are 
evil in, by a divine thrusting on: An admirable eva- 
sion of whoremaster man, to lay his goatish disposi- 
tion to the change of star! My father compounded 
with my mother under the dragon's tail; and my na- 
tivity was under ursa major ;% so that it follows, I am 
rough and lecherous. — Tut, I should have been that 
I am, had the maidenliest star in the firmament 
twinkled at my bastardizing. 

FILIAL INGRATITUDE. 

Ingratitude! thou marble-hearted fiend, 
More hideous, when thou show'st thee in a child, 
Than the sea-monster! 

a father's curse on his child. 

Hear, nature, hear; 
Dear goddess, hear! Suspend thy purpose, if 
Thou didst intend to make this creature fruitful! 
Into her womb convey sterility ! 
Dry up in her the organs of increase; 

* The nicety of civil institution. f Traitors. 

t Great Bear, the constellation so named. 



KING LEAR. 245 

And from her derogat * body never spring 
A babe to honour her ! If she must teem, 
Create her child of spleen; that it may live, 
And be athwart disnatur'd torment to her! 
Let it stamp wrinkles on her brow of youth: 
With cadentf tears fret channels in her cheeks, 
Turn all her mother's pains, and benefits, 
To laughter and contempt; that she may feel 
How sharper than a serpent's tooth it is 
To have a thankless child ! 

ACT II. 

FLATTERING SYCOPHANTS. 

That such a slave as this should wear a sword, 
Who wears no honesty. Such smiling rogues as 

these, 
Like rats, oft bite the holy cords atwain 
Which are too intrinsic^ t'unloose; smooth every 

passion 
That in the natures of their lords rebels; 
Bring oil to fire, snow to their colder moods; 
Renege,§ affirm, and turn their halcyon || beaks 
With every gale and vary of their masters, 
As knowing nought, like dogs, but following. 

PLAIN BLUNT MEN. 

This is some fellow, 
Who having been praised for bluntness, doth affect 
A saucy roughness, and constrains the garb, 
Quite from his nature: He cannot flatter, he! — 
An honest mind and plain, — he must speak truth: 
An' they will take it so; if not, he's plain. 
These kind of knaves I know, which in this plainnean 
Harbour more craft, and more corrupter ends, 
Then twenty sillylF ducking observants, 
That stretch their duties nicely. 

* Degraded. t Falling. t Perplexed. 

§ Disowned. 

II The bird called the king-fisher, which, when dried 
and hung up by a thread, is supposed to turn his bill to 
the point from whence the wind blows. 

IT Simple or rustic 21* 



246 BEAUTIES OF SHAKSPEARE. 

BEDLAM EEGGARS. 

While I may 'scape, 
I will preserve myself: and am bethought 
To take the basest and most poorest shape, 
That every penury, in contempt of man, 
Brought near to beast: my face I'll grime with filth; 
Blanket my loins; elf* all my hair in knots; 
And with presented nakedness outface 
The winds, and persecutions of the sky. 
The country gives me proof and precedent 
Of Bedlam beggars, who, with roaring voices, 
Strike in their numb'd and mortified bare arms 
Pins, wooden pricks,f nails, sprigs of rosemary; 
And with this horrible object, from low farms, 
Poor pelting villages, sheep-cotes, and mills, 
Sometime with lunatic bans,:}: sometime with prayers, 
Enforce their charity. 

THE FAULTS OF INFIRMITY PARDONABLE. 

Fiery? the fiery duke? — Tell the hot duke, that — 
No, but not yet: — may be, he is not well: 
Infirmity doth still neglect all office, 
Whereto our health is bound; we are not ourselves, 
When nature, being oppress'd, commands the mind 
To suffer with the body: I'll forbear: 
And am fallen out with my more headier will, 
To take the indisposed and sickly fit 
For the sound man. 

UNKINDNESS. 

Thy sister's naught: O, Regan, she hath tied 
Sharp-tooth'd unkindness, like a vulture here. 

[Points to his heart 

OFFENCES MISTAKEN. 

All's not offence, that indiscretion finds, 
And dotage terms so. 

RISING PASSION. 

I pr'ythee, daughter, do not make me mad; 
I will not trouble thee, my child; farewell: 
We'll no more meet, no more see one another: — 

* Hair thus knotted was supposed to be the work of 
elves and fairies in the night 

t Skewers. X Curses. 



KING LEAR. 241 

But yet thou art my flesh, my blood, my daughter; 
Or rather, a disease that's in my flesh, 
Which I must needs eall mine; thou art aboil, 
4 nlsurue sore, an embossed- carbuncle, 
i„ P my S corr°upted blood. But Mi I not chide thee; 
Let shame come when it will, I do not call it. 
I do not bid thunder-bearer shoot, 
Nor tell tales of thee to high-judging Jove. 

THE NECESSARIES OF LIFE FEW. 

O, reason not the need: our basest beggars 
Are in the poorest thing superfluous: 
XUow not nature more than nature needs, 
Man's life is cheap as beast's. 

LE4 R ON THE ,NGEATITUDE OF HIS ^UGHTERS. 

You see me here, you gods a poor jold man, 
* r 11 «r oripf as ao-e- wretched in both! 
iVi be °you' fe these daughters' hearts 

^rm1=;Sr:o:you^ra,ha g s, 

Ilfiliilsa? 

rhaveVuuUu^oFweeping; but this heart 
Shall break into a hundred thousand flaws, 
Or ere Al weep: O, fool, I shall go mad! 

WILFUL MEN. 

O sir to wilful men, 
The'in uries, that they themselves procure, 
Must be their schoolmasters. 

ACT III. 

EEAR'S DISTRESS IN THE STORM. 

S EkSe fretful elemen 
BiS the wind t Tow g the earth into the sea, 

* Swelling. 



248 BEAUTIES OF SHAKSPEARE 

Or swell the curled waters 'bove the main, 

That things might change, or cease: tears his white 

hair; 
Which the impetuous blasts, with eyeless rage, 
Catch in their fury, and make nothing of: 
Strives in this little world of man to out-scorn 
The to-and-fro-conflicting wind and rain. 
This night, wherein the cab-drawn* bear would 

couch, 
The lion and the belly pinched wolf 
Keep their fur dry, unbonnetted he runs, 
And bids what will take all. 

lear's exclamations in the tempest. 
Blow, wind and crack your cheeks! rage! blow! 
You cataracts, and hurricanoes, spout 
Till you have drench'd our steeples, drown'd the 

cocks f . 
You sulphurous and thought-executingf fires 
Vaunt couriers^ to oak-cleaving thunderbolts, 
Singe my white head! And thou, all-shaking thun 

der, 
Strike flat the thick rotundity o' the world! 
Crack nature's moulds, all germens spill at once, 
That make ingrateful man ! 

% * ♦ * * 
Rumble thy bellyfull! Spit, fire! spout, rain! 
Nor rain, wind, thunder, fire, are my daughters: 
I tax not } 7 ou, you elements, with unkind ness, 
1 never gave you kingdom, call'd you children, 
You owe me no subscription ;§ why then let fall 
Your horrible pleasure; here I stand, your slave, 
A poor, infirm, weak, and despis'd old man: — 
But yet 1 call you servile ministers, 
That have with two pernicious daughters join'd 
Your high engender'd battles, 'gainst a head 
So old and white as this. O ! O ! 'tis foul' 



* Whose dugs are drawn dry by its young. 

t Quick as thought. % Avaunt couriers. French. 

§ Obedience 



KING LEAR. 249 

Kent. Alas, sir, are you here? things that love 

Love nonsuch nights as these- the wrathful skies 
Gallow* the very wanderers of the darK, 
An make them keep their caves: Since .1 ^was man, 
Such sheets of fire, such bursts of horrid thunder, 
Such groans of roaring wind and rain, I neve T 
Remember to have heard: man's nature cannot carry 
The affliction, nor the fear. ^ ^ ^ 

That keep this dreadful potherf o'er our heads, 
Find out their enemies now. Tremble, thou wretch, 
That hast within thee undivulged crimes, 
Unwhipp'd of Justice : Hide thee, thou bloody hand; 
Thou perjur'd, and thou simularj man of virtue 
That art incestuous: Caitiff, to pieces shake, 
That under covert and convenient seeming^ 
Has practis'd on man's life !-Close pent-up guilts, 
Rive vour concealing continents, and cry 
These dreadful summoners grace. |H I am a man, 
More^sinn'd against, than sinning ^^ 

Gracious my lord, hard by here is a hovel; 
Some friendship will it lend you 'gainst the tempest. 
***** 
Lear. Thou think'st 'tis much,that this contentious 
storm . 

Invades us to the skin: so 'tis to thee; 
But where the greater malady is fix d, 
The lesser is scarce felt. Thou'dst shun a bear, 
But if thy flight lay toward the raging sea, 
Thou'dst* meet the" bear i> the mouth. When the 

mind's free, . . , 

The body's delicate: the tempest in my mind 
Doth from my senses take all feeling else, 
Save what beats there.-Filial ingratitude! 
Is it not as this mouth should tear this hand, 
For liftingfood to't?-But I will punish home.— 
No, I will weep no more.— In such a mgrit 

* Scare or frighten. t Blustering noise. 

* Counterfeit. § Appearance. II Favour 



250 BEAUTIES OF SHAKSPEARE. 

To shut me out! — Pour on; I will endure: — 
In such a night as this! O Regan, Goneril! — 
Your old kind father, whose frank heart gave all,— 
O, that way madness lies; let me shun that; 
No more of that, — 

Kent. Good, my lord, enter here. 

Lear. Pr'ythee, go in thyself; seek thine own ease; 
This tempest will not give me leave to ponder 
On things would hurt me more. Eut I'll go in: 
In, boy; go first.— [To the Fool.] You houseless 

poverty, — 
Nay, get thee in. I'll pray, and then I'll sleep,— 

[Fool goes in. 
Poor naked wretches, wheresoe'er you are, 
That bide the pelting of this pitiless storm, 
How shall your houseless heads, and unfed sides, 
Your loop'd and window'd raggedness, defend you 
From seasons such as these? O, I have ta'en 
Too little care of this! Take physic, pomp; 
Expose thyself to feel what wretches feel; 
That thou may'st shake the superflux to them, 
And show thelieavens more just. 

* # * * # 
Enter Edgar, disguised as a Madman. 

Edg. Away! the foul fiend follows me! — 
Through the sharp hawthorn blows the cold wind.— 
Humph! go to thy cold bed, and warm thee. 

Lear. Hast thou given all to thy two daughters? 
And art thou come to this? 

***** 

Didst thou give them all? 

***** 

Now all the plagues that in the pendulous air 
Hang fated o'er men's faults, light on thy daughters! 

Kent. He hath no daughters, sir. 

Lear. Death, traitor! nothing could have subdu'd 
nature 
To such a lowness, but his unkind daughters. — 
Is it the fashion, that discarded fathers 
Should have thus little mercy on their flesh ? 



KING LEAR. 251 

Judicious punishment ! 'twas this flesh begot 
Those pelican daughters. 

ON MAN. 

Is man no more than this? Consider him well: 
Thou owest the worm no silk, the beast no hide, the 
sheep no wool, the cat no perfume : — Ha ! here's three 
of us are sophisticated?— Thou art the thing itself: 
unaccommodated man is no more but such a poor, 
bare, forked animal as thou art — Off, off, you lend- 
ings. 

ACT IV. 

THE JUSTICE OF PROVIDENCE. 

That I am wretched, 
Makes thee the happier: — Heavens, deal so still! 
Let the superfluous, and lust-dieted man, 
That slaves your ordinance,* that will not see 
Because he doth not feel, feel your power quickly; 
So distribution should undo excess, 
And each man have enough. 

PATIENCE AND SORROW. 

Patience and sorrow strove 
Who should express her goodliest. You have seen 
Sunshine and rain at once: her smiles and tears 
Were like a better day: Those happy smiles 
That play'd on her ripe lip, seem'd not to know 
What guests were in her eyes; which parted thence 
As pearls from diamonds dropp'd.— In brief, sorrow 
Would be a rarity most belov'd, if all 
Could so become it. 

lear's distraction described. 
Alack, 'tis he; why, he was met even now 
As mad as the vex'd sea: singing aloud; 
Crown'd with rank fumiterf and furrow weeds, 
With harlocks,^: hemlock, nettles, cuckoo-flowers, 
Darnel, and all the idle weeds that grow 
In our sustaining corn. 

* i. e. To make it subject to us, instead of acting in 
obedience to it. t Fumitory. % Charlocks. 



BEAUTIES OF SHAKSPEARE. 

DESCRIPTION OF DOVER CLIFF. 

■ on, sirj here's the place; — stand still.— How 
izzy 'tis, to east one's eyes so low ! [fearful 
trows, and choughs,* that wing the midway air, 
Show scarce so gross as beetles: Half way down 
Hangs one that gathers samphire;f dreadful trade! 
Methinks he seems no bigger than his head: 
The fishermen, that walk upon the beach, 
Appear like mice; and yon' tall anchoring bark, 
Diminish'd to her cock;+ her cock, a buoy 
Almost too small for sight: The murmuring surge, 
That on the unnumbered idle pebbles chafes, 
Cannot be heard so high: — I'll look no more; 
Lest my brain turn, and the deficient sight 
Topple || down headlong. 

gloster's farewell to the world. 
O you mighty gods! 
This world I do renounce; and, in your sights, 
Shake patiently my great affliction off: 
If 1 could bear it longer, and not fall 
To quarrel with your great opposeless wills, 
My snuh', and loathed part of nature, should 
Bum itself out. If Edgar live, O, bless him! 

LEAR ON HIS FLATTERERS. 

They flatter'd me like a dog; and told me, I had 
white hairs in my beard, ere the black ones wore 
there. To say ay, and no, to every thing I said!— 
Ay and no too was no good divinity. When the rain 
came to wet me once, and the wind to make me chat- 
ter; when the thunder would not peace, at my bid- 
ding; there I found them, there I smelt them out. 
Go to, they are not men o' their words: they told 
me I was every thing; 'tis a lie; I am not ague-proof. 

ON THE ABUSE OF POWER. 

Thou rascal beadle, hold thy bloody hand: 
Why dost thou lash that whore? Strip thine own 

back; 
Thou hotly lust'st to use her ir, that kind 

* Daws. | A vegetable gathered for pickling. 

X Her cock-boat || Tumble. 



KING LEAR. 253 

For which thou whipp'st her. The usurer hangs the 

cozener. , 

Through tatter'd clothes small vices do appear; 
Robes, and furr'd gowns, hide all. Plate sin with 

And thTstrong lance of justice hurtless breaks; 
Arm it in rags, a pigmy 's straw doth pierce it 
None does offend, none, I say, none; I'll able 'em. 
that of me, mv friend, who have the power 
To seal the accuser's lips. Get thee glass eyes; 
And, like a scurvy politician, seem 
To see the things thou dost not. 

CORDELIA ON- THE INGRATITUDE OF HER SISTERS. 

my dear father! Restoration, hang 
Thv medicine on my lips; and let this kiss 
Repair those violent harms, that my two sisters 
Have in thy reverence made I ^ 

Had vou not been their father, these white flakes 
Had challeng'd pity of them. \\ as this a face 
To be expos'd against the warring winder 
To stand P againsf the deep dread-bolted thunder? 
In the most terrible and nimble stroke 
Of quick, cross lightning? ^ # 

And wast thou fain, poor father, 
To hovel thee with swine, and rogues forlorn, 
In «hort and mustv straw? Alack, alack! 
'Tis wonder, that thy life and wits at once 
Had not concluded all. 

SCFNE BETWEEN LEAR AND CORDELIA. 

Cor How does my royal lord? How fares your 

Lea ^iou^o me wrong, to take me out o> the 

Thou artTVoul in bliss; but I am bound 

Cpon a wheel of fire, that mine own tears 

Do scald like molten lead. ^ ^ me 

W. You are a spirit, I know : When did you die* 
Cor. Still, -till, far wide! 
23 



254 BEAUTIES OF SHAKSPEARE. 

Phys. He's scarce awake; let him alone awhile 

I. ear. Where have I been? — Where am I? — Fair 
day-light ? — 
I am mightily abus'd. — I should even die with pity, 
To see another thus. — I know not what to say. — 
I Avill not swear, these are my hands: let's see. 
I feel this pin prick. -' Would I were assur'd 
Of my condition. 

Cor. O, look upon me, sir, 

And hold your hands in benediction o'er me: — 
No, sir, you must not kneel. 

Lear. Pray, do not mock me • 

I am a very foolish fond old man, 
Fourscore and upward; and, to deal plainly, 
I fear, I am not in my perfect mind. 
Methinks, I should know you, and know this man* 
Yet I am doubtful: for I am mainly ignorant 
What place this is; and all the skill I have 
Remembers not these garments; nor 1 know not 
Where I aid lodge last night: Do not laugh at me; 
For, as I am a man, I think this lady 
To be my child Cordelia. 

Cor. " And so I am, 1 am. 

Lear. Be your tears wet? Yes, 'faith. I pray, weep 
not: 
If you have poison for me, I will drink it. 
I know, you do not love me; for your sisters 
Have, as I do remember, done me wrong: 
You have some cause, they have not. 

Cor. No cause, no cause. 

Lear. Am I in France? 

Kent. In your own kingdom, sir 

Lear. Do not abuse me. 

Phys. Be comforted, good madam: the great rage, 
You see, is cur'd in him: and yet it is danger 
To make him even* o'er the time he has lost 
Desire him to go in; trouble him no more, 
Till further settling. 

Cur. Will't please your highness walk? 

* To reconcile it to its apprehension. 



KING LEAR. 255 

Lear. You must bear with me: 

Pray now, forget, and forgive: I am old, and foolish. 

ACT V. 

LEAR TO CORDELIA WH£>' TAKEN PRISONERS 

No, no, no, no! Come, lets away to prison: 
We two alone will sing like birds i' the cage: 
When thou dost ask me blessing, I'll kneel down, 
And ask of thee forgiveness: So we'li live, 
And pray, and sing, and tell old tales, and laugh 
At gilded butterflies, and hear poor rogues 
Talk of court news; and we'll talk with them too,- - 
Who loses, and who wins; who's in, who's out; — 
And take upon us the mystery of things, 
As if we were God's spies: And we'll wear out, 
In a wall'd prison, packs and sects of great ones, 
That ebb and flow by the moon. 

Edm. Take them away. 

Lear. Upon such sacrifices, my Cordelia, 
The gods themselves throw incense. 

THE JUSTICE OF THE GODS. 

The gods are just, and of our pleasant vices 
Made instruments to scourge us. 

EDGAR'S ACCOUNT OF HIS DISCOVERING HIMSELF 
TO HIS FATHER. 

List* a brief tale; — 
And, when 'tis told, 0,that my heart would burst!— 
The bloody proclamation to escape, 
That follow'd me so near, (O our lives' sweetness! 
That with the pain of death we'd hourly die, 
Rather than die at once !) taught me to shift 
Into a madman's rags; to assume a semblance 
That very dog's disdain'd: and in this habit 
Met I my father with his bleeding rings, 
Their precious stones new lost; became his guide, 
Led him, begg'd for him, sav'd him from despair; 
Never (O fault!) reveal'd myself unto him, 
Until some half hour past, when I was arm'd, 
Not sure, though hoping, of this good success, 
* Hear. 



256 BEAUTIES OF SHAKSPEARE. 

I ask'd his blessing, and from first to last 
Told him my pilgrimage: But his fiaw'd heart, 
(Alack, too weak the conflict to support!) 
'Twixt two extremes of passion, joy and grief 
Burst smilingly. 

Edm. This speech of your's hath mov'd me 

And shall, perchance, do good; but speak you on* 
You look as you had something more to say. 

Alb. If there be more, more woful, hold it in; 
For I am almost ready to dissolve, 
Hearing of this. 

Edg. This would have seem'd a period 

To such as love not sorrow; but another, 
To amplify too much, would make much more, 
And top extremity. 

Whilst I was big in clamour, came there a man, 
Who having seen me in my worst estate, 
Shunn'd my abhorr'd society; but then, finding 
Who 'twas that so endur'd, with his strong arms 
He fasten'd on my neck, and bellow'd out 
As he'd burst heaven; threw him on my father; 
Told the most piteous tale of Lear and him, 
That ever ear receiv'd: which in recounting 
His grief grew puissant, and the strings of life 
Began to crack. Twice then the trumpet sounded 
And there I left him tranc'd. 

LEAR ON THE DEATH OF CORDELIA. 

Howl, howl, howl, howl; — O, you are men of 
stones; 
Had I your to»ngues and eyes, I'd use them so 
That heaven's vault should crack: — 0, she is gone 

for ever! — 
I know when one is dead, and when one lives; 
She's dead as earth: — Lend me a looking-glass: 
If that her breath will mist or stain the stone, 

Why, then she lives. 

* * * * 

This feather stirs; she lives! if it be so, 
It is a chance that does redeem all sorrows 
That ever I have felt. 

Kent . O my good mast er ! [ Kneeling, 



MACBETH. 257 

Lear. Pr'ythee, away. 

* * * » 

A plague upon you, murderers, traitors all! 

I might hare sav'd her; now she's gone for ever!— 

Cordelia, Cordelia, stay a little. Ha! 

What is't thou sav'st?— Her voice was ever soft, 

Gentle, and low. 

LEAR DYING. 

And my poor fool* is hang'd! No, no, no, life: 
Why should a dog, a horse, a rat, have life, 
And* thou no breath at all? 0, thou wilt come n3 

more, 
Never, never, never, never, never! 



MACBETH. 



ACT I. 

WITCHES DESCRIBED. 

WHAT are these, 
So wither'd, and so wild in their attire; 
That look not like the inhabitants o' the earth, 
And yet are o'nt? Live you? or are you aught 
That man may question? you seem to understand 

me, 
By each at once her choppy finger laying 
Upon her skinny lips:— You should be women, 
And yet your beards forbid me to interpret 
That you are so. 

macbeth's temper. 
Yet do I fear thy nature; 
It is too full o' the "milk of human kindness, 
To catch the nearest wky: Thou would'st be great 
Ar 4 - not without ambition; but without 
The illness should attend it. What thju would'st 

highlv, 
That would'st thou holily; would'st not play false, 
And yet would'st wrongly win. 

* Poor Fool, in the time of Shakespeare, was an ex 
pression of endearment. 

22* 



258 BEAUTIES OF SHAKSPEARE. 

lady macbeth's soliloq.uy on the news of 
duncan's approach. 

The raven himself is hoarse, 
That croaks the fatal entrance of Duncan 
Under my battlements. Come, come, you spirits 
That tend on mortal* thoughts, unsex me here; 
And fill me, from the crown to the toe, top-full 
Of direst cruelty ! make thick my blood, 
Stop up the access and passage to remorse;f 
That no compunctious visitings of nature 
Shake my fell purpose, nor keep peace between 
The effect and it! Come to my woman's breasts, 
And take my milk for gall, you murd'ring ministers, 
Wherever in your sightless substances 
You wait on Nature's mischief! Come, thick night; 
And pallj thee in the dunnest smoke of hell! 
That my keen knifc§ see not the wound it makes; 
Nor heaven peep through the blanket of the dark, 
To cry, Hold. Hold > 

imacbeth's irresolution. 

If it were done, when 'tis done, then 'twere well 
It were done quickly : If the assassination 
Could trammel upon the consequence, and catch, 
With his surcease, success; that but this blow 
Might be the be-all and the end-all here, 
But here, upon this bank and shoal of time, — 
We'd jump the life to come. — But, in these cases, 
We still have judgment here; that we but teach 
Bloody instructions, which, being taught, return 
To plague the inventor: This even-handed justice 
Commends the ingredients of our poison'd chalice 
To our own lips. He's here in double trust: 
First, as I am his kinsman and his subject, 
Strong both against the deed; then, as his host, 
Who should against his murderer shut the door, 
Not bear the knife myself. Besides, this Duncan 
Hath borne his faculties so meek, hath been 
So clear in his great office, that his virtues 
Will plead like angels, trumpet-tongued, against 

* Murderous. t Pity. X Wrap, as in a mantle- 

§ Knife anciently meant a sword or dagger 



MACBETH. 259 

The deep damnation of his taking-off: 

And pity, like a naked new-born babe, 

Striding the blast, or heaven's cherubim, hors'd 

Upon the sightless couriers* of the air, 

Shall blow the horrid deed in every eye, 

That tears shall drown the wind. — I have no spur 

To prick the sides of my intent, but only 

Vaulting ambition, which o'erleaps itself, 

And falls on the other. 

TRUE FORTITUDE. 

I dare do all that may become a man ; 
Who dares do more is none. 

ACT II. 

THE MURDERING SCENE. 

Is this a dagger which I see before me, 
The handle toward my hand? Come, let me clutch 

thee: — 
I have thee not, and yet I see thee still. 
Art thou not, fatal vision, sensible 
To feeling, as to sight? or art thou but 
A dagger of the mind; a false creation, 
Proceeding from the heat-oppressed brain ? 
I see thee yet, in form as palpable, 
As this which now I draw. 
Thou marshal'st me the way that I was going, 
And such an instrument I was to use. 
Mine eyes are made the fools o' the other senses, 
Or else worth all the rest: I see thee still; 
And on thy blade, and dudgeon, f gouts:}: of blood, 
Which was not so before. — There's no such thing: 
It is th*» bloody business, which informs 
Thus to mine eyes. — Now o'er the one half world 
Nature seems dead, and wicked dreams abuse 
The curtain'd sleep; now witchcraft celebrate, 
Pale Hecate's offerings; and wither'd murder, 
Alarum'd by his sentinel, the wolf, 

* Winds; sightless is invisible. 

+ Haft. % Drops. 



210 BEAUTIES OF SHAKSPEARE. 

Who's howl'd his watch, thus with his stealthy pace 
With Tarquin's ravishing strides, towards his design 
Moves like a ghost. — Thou sure and firm set earth, 
Hear not my steps, which way they walk, for fear 
Thy very stones prate of my where-about, 
And take the present horror from the time, 
Which now suits with it. — Whiles I threat, he lives; 
Words to the heat of deeds too cold breath gives. 

[•# bell rings. 
I go, and it is done; the bell invites me. 
Hear it not, Duncan; for it is a knell, 
That summons thee to heaven, or to hell. [Exit. 
Enter Lady Macbeth. 

Lady M, That which hath made them drunk, hath 
made me bold: 
What hath quench'd them, hath given me fire: — 

Hark ! — Peace ! 
It was the owl that shrieked, the fatal bellman, 
Which gives the stern'st good night. He is about it: 
The doors are open; and the surfeited grooms 
Do mock their charge with snores: I have drugg'd 

their possets, 
That death and nature do contend about them, 
Whether they live or die. 

Macb. [ Within] Who's there? — what, ho! 

Lady M. Alack ! I am afraid they have awak'd, 
And 'tis not done: — The attempt, and not the deed, 
Confounds us: — Hark! — I laid their daggers ready- 
He could not miss them. — Had he not resembled 
My father as he slept, I had done't. — My husband! 
Enter Macbeth. 

Macb. I have done the deed: — Didst thou not hear 
a noise? 

Lady M. I heard the owls scream, and the crickets 
cry. 
Did not you speak? 

Macb. When? 

Lady M. Now. 

Macb. As I descended? 

Lady M. Ay. 



MACBETH. 261 

Macb. Hark! — 
Who lies i' the second chamber? 

Lady M. Donalbain. 

Macb. This is a sorry sight. 

[Looking at his hands. 

Lady M. A foolish thought, to say a sorry sight. 

Macb. There's one did laugh in his sleep, and on 
cried, murder! 
That they did wake each other; I stood and heard 

them; 
But they did say their prayers, and address'd them 
Again to sleep. 

Lady M. There are two lodg'd together. 

Macb. One cried, God bless us! and, Amen, the 
other; 
As* they had seen me, with these hangman's hands, 
Listening their fear, I could not say, amen, 
When they did say, God bless us. 

Lady M. Consider it not so deeply. 

Macb. But wherefore could not I pronounce, amen? 
I had most need of blessing, and amen 
Stuck in my throat. 

Lady M. These deeds must not be thought 

After these ways; so, it will make us mad. 

Macb. Methought I heard a voice cry, Sleep no 
more! 
Macbeth does murder sleep, the innocent sleep; 
Sleep, that knits up the ravell'd sleave\ of care. 
The death of each day's life, sore labour's bath, 
Balm of hurt minds, great nature's second course, 
Chief nourisher in life's feast; — 

Lady M. What do you mean' 

Macb. Still it cried, Sleep no more! to all the house* 
Glamis hath murder' d sleep; and therefore Cawdor 
Shall sleep no more, Macbeth shall sleep no more! 

Lady M. Who was it that thus cried? Why, wor- 
thy Thane, 
You do unbend your noble strength, to think 
So brainsickly of things: — Go, get some water, 
And wash this filthy witness from your hand. — 

* As if. t Sleave, is un wrought silk. 



262 BEAUTIES OF SHAESPEARE. 

"Why did you bring these daggers from the place? 
They must lie there: Go, carry them; and smear 
The sleepy grooms with blood. 

Macb. I'll go no more 

I am afraid to think what I have done: 
Look on't again, I dare not. 

Lady M. Infirm of purpose! 

Give me the daggers: The sleeping, and the dead^ 
Are but as pictures: 'tis the eye of childhood, 
That fears a painted devil. If he do bleed, 
I'll gild the faces of the grooms withal, 
For it must seem their guilt. 

[Exit. Knocking within, 
Macb. Whence is that knocking? 

How is't with me, when every noise appals me? 
What hands are here? Ha! they pluck out mine 

eyes! 
Will all great Neptune's ocean wash this blood 
Clean from my hand? No: this my hand will rather 
The multitudinous seas incarnardine,* 
Making the green one red. 

Re-enter Lady Macbeth. 
Lady M. My hands are of your colour; but I 

shame 
To wear a heart so white. [Knock.'] I hear a knocking 
At the south entry: — retire we to our chamber: 
A little water clears us of this deed: 
How easy is it then ! Your constancy 
Hath left you unattended. — [Knocking.] Hark! 

more knocking: 
Get on your night-gown, lest occasion call us, 
And show us to be watchers: — Be not lost 
So poorly in your thoughts. 

Macb. To know my deed, — 'twere best not know 

myself. [Knock. 

Wake Duncan with thy knocking! Ay, 'would thoi: 

couldst ! [Exeunt 

* To incarnardine is to stain of a flesh colour. 



MACBETH 268 

ACT III. 

macbeth's guilty conscience and TEARS Of 

BANQ.UO. 

Lady M. How now, my lord; why do you keep 
alone, 
Of sorriest* fancies your companions making? 
Using those thoughts which should indeed have died 
With them they think on ? Things without remedy, 
Should be without regard: what's done, is done. 

Macb. We have scotch'd the snake, not kill'd it; 
She'll close and be herself; whilst our poor malice 
Remains in danger of her former tooth. 
But let 

The frame of things disjoint, both the worlds suffer, 
Ere we will eat our meal in fear, and sleep 
In the affliction of these terrible dreams, 
That shake us nightly: Better be with the dead, 
Whom we, to gain our place, have sent to peace, 
Than on the torture of the mind to lie 
In restless ecstasy. f Duncan is in his grave; 
After life's fitful fever, he sleeps well; 
Treason has done his worst: nor steel, nor poison, 
Malice domestic, foreign levy, nothing 
Can touch him further. 

* * * * 

O, full of scorpions is my mind, dear wife! 

Thou know'st that Banquo, and his Fleance, lives. 
Lady M. But in them nature's copy's not eterne.J 
Macb. There's comfort yet; they are assailable; 

Then be thou jocund: Ere the bat hath flown 

His cloister'd flight; ere, to black Hecate's summons. 

The shard-borne beetle, § with his drowsy hums, 

Hath rung night's yawning peal, there shall be done 

A deed of dreadful note. 

Lady M. What's to be done? 

* Most melancholy. t Agony. 

X i. e. The copy, the lease, by which they hold their 
lives from nature, has its time of termination. 

§ The beetle borno in the air by its shards or scaly winga. 



264 BEAUTIES OF SHAKSPEARE. 

Macb. Be innocent of the knowledge, dearest 

chuck,* 
Till thou applaud the deed. Come, seelingt night, 
Skarf up the tender eye of pitiful day; 
And, with thy bloody and invisible hand, 
Cancel, and tear to pieces, that great bond 
Which keeps me pale! — Light thickens; and th* 

crow 
Makes wing to the rooky wood: 
Good things of day begin to droop and drowse; 
Whiles night's black agents to their prey do rouse. 

THE BAJSTQ.UET SCENE. 

Lady M. My royal lord, 

You do not give the cheer; the feast is sold. 
That is not often vouch'd, while 'tis a making, 
>Tis given with welcome: To feed, were best at 

home 
From thence, the sauce to meat is ceremony; 
Meeting were bare without it. 

Macb. Sweet remembrancer! — 

Now, good digestion wait on appetite, 
And health on both! 

Leu. May it please your highness sit? 

[The Ghost of Banq,uo rises, and sits 
in Macbeth's place. 
Macb. Here had we now our country's honour 
roof'd, 
Were the grac'd person of our Banquo present; 
Whom I may rather challenge for unkindness, 
Than pity for mischance! 

Rosse. His absence, sir, 

I 4 ys blame upon his promise. Please it your high- 
ness 
To grace us w T ith your roval company? 
Macb. The table's full." 

hen. Here's a place reserv'd, sir. 

Macb. Where? 
Len. Here, my lord. What is't that moves youi 

highness? 
Macb. Which of you have done this? 
* A term of endearment. t Blinding 



MACBETH. 265 

Lords. What, my good lord? 

Mack. Thoucan'st not say, I did it: never shake 
Thy gory locks at me. 

Rosse* Gentlemen, rise; his highness is not well. 

Lady M. Sit, worthy friends my lord is often 
thus, 
And halh been from his youth: 'pray you keep seat; 
The fit is momentary; upon a thought 
He will again be well: If much you note him, 
You shall offend him, and extend his passion;* 
Feed, and regard him not. — Are you a man? 

Macb. Ay, and a bold one, that dare look on that 
Which might appal the devil. 

Lady M. O proper stuff: 

This the very painting of your fear: 
This is the air-drawn dagger, which, you said, 
Led you to Duncan. O, these flaws, | and starts, 
(Impostors to true fear) would well become 
A woman's story, at a winter's fire, 
Authoriz'd by her grandam. Shame itself! 
Why do you make such faces? When all's done, 
You look but on a stool. 

Macb. Pr'ythee, see there! behold! look! lo! how 
say you ? — 
Why, what care I? If thou canst nod, speak too. 
If charnel-houses, and our graves, must send 
Those that we bury, back, our monuments 
Shall be the maws of kites [Ghost disappears 

Lady M. What! quite unmann'd in folly? 

Macb. If I stand here, I saw him. 

Lady M. Fie, for shame! 

Macb. Blood hath been shed ere now, i' the olden 
time, 
Ere human statute purg'd the gentle weal; 
Ay, and since too, murders have been perform'd 
Too terrible for the ear: the times have been, 
That when the brains were out, the man would die. 
And there an end: but now they rise again, 
With twenty mortal murders on their crowns, 

* Prolong his suffering. t Sudden gusts 
23 



266 BEAUTIES OF SHAKSPEARE. 

And push us from our stools: This is more strange 
Than such a murder is. 

Lady M. My worthy lord, 

Your noble friends do lack you. 

Macb. I do forget : — 

Do not muse* at me, my most worthy friends; 
I have a strange infirmity, which is nothing 
To those that know me. Come, love and health to 

all; 
Then I'll sit down: — Give me some wine, fill full:— 
I drink to the general joy of the whole table, 

Ghost rises. 
And to our dear friend Banquo, whom we miss; 
Would he were here ! to all, and him, we thirst, 
And all to all.f 

Lords. Our duties, and the pledge. 

Macb. Avaunt! and quit my sight! Let the earth 
hide thee! 
Thy bones are marrowless, thy blood is rold; 
Thou hast no speculation in those eyes 
Which thou dost glare with ! 

Lady M. Think of this, good peers, 

But as a thing of custom: 'tis no other; 
Only it spoils the pleasure of the time. 

Macb. What man dare, I dare: 
Approach thou like the rugged Russian bear, 
The arm'd rhinoceros, or the Hyrcan tiger, 
Take any shape but that, and my firm nerves 
Shall never tremble: Or, be alive again, 
And dare me to the desert with thy sword; 
If trembling I inhibit J thee, protest me 
The baby of a girl. Hence, horrible shadow! 

[ Ghost disappears. 
Unreal mockery, hence !■— Why, so; — being gone, 
I am a man again. — Pray you, sit still. 

Lady M. You have displac'd the mirth, broke 
the good meeting, 
With most admir'd disorder. 

Macb. Can such things be, 

* Wonder. tie. All good wishes to all 

t Forbid. 



MACBETH. 267 

And overcome* us like a summer's cloud, 

Without our special wonder? You make me strange 

Even to the disposition that I owe,f 

When now I think you can behold such sights, 

And keep the natural ruby of your cheeks, 

When mine are blanch'd with fear. 

Rosse. What sights, my lord? 

Lady M. I pray you, speak not; he grows worse 
and worse; 
Question enrages him: at once, good night: 
Stand not upon the order of your going, 
But go at once. 

Len. Good night and better health 

Attend his majesty ! 

Lady M. A kind good night to all! 

[Exeunt Lords and Attendants. 

Macb. It will have blood; they say, blood will have 
blood: 
Stones have been known to move, and trees to speak 
Augurs, and understood relations, have 
By magot-piesj and choughs, and rooks, brought 

forth 
The secret'st man of blood. 

ACT IV. 

THE POWER OF WITCHES. 

I conjure you, by that which you profess, 
(Hcwe'er you come to know it) answer me: 
Though you untie the winds, and let them fight 
Against the churches; though the yesty§ waves 
Confound and swallow navigation up; 

Though bladed corn be lodg'd|| and trees blown 

down; 
Though castles toppielF on their warders' heads; 
Though palaces, and pyramids, do slope 
Their heads to their foundations; though the treasure 
Of nature's germins** tumble all together, 

* Pass over. t Possess. % Magpies. § Frothy. 

II Laid flat by wind or rain. IT Tumble. 
** Seeds which have begun to sprout. 



268 BEAUTIES OF SHAKSPEARE. 

Even till destruction sicken, answer me 
To what I ask you. 

MALCOLM'S CHARACTER OF HIMSELF. 

Mai. But I have none: The king-becoming graces 
As justice, verity, temperance, stableness, 
Bounty, perseverance, mercy, lowliness. 
Devotion, patience, courage, fortitude, 
I have no relish of them; but abound 
In the division of each several crime, 
Acting it many ways. Nay, had I power, I should 
Pour the sweet milk of concord into hell, 
Uproar the universal peace, confound 
All unity on earth. 

Macb. O Scotland ! Scotland ! 

Mai. If such a one be fit to govern, speak: 
I am as I have spoken. 

Macb. Fit to govern ! 

No, not to live. — O nation miserable, 
With an untitled tyrant, bloody-sceptred, 
When shalt thou see thy wholesome days again? 
Since that the truest issue of thy throne 
By his own interdiction stands accurs'd, 
And does blaspheme his breed? — Thy royal father 
Was a most sainted king; the queen, that bore thee 
Oftener upon her knees than on her feet, 
Died every day she lived. Fare thee well! 
These evils, thou repeat'st upon thyself, 
Have banish'd me from Scotland. — O, my breast, 
Thy hope ends here! 

Mai. Macduff, this noble passion, 

Child of integrity, hath from my soul 
Wip'd the black scruples, reconcil'd my thoughts 
To thy good truth and honour. Dev'lish Macbeth 
By many of these trains hath sought to win me 
Into his power; and modest wisdom plucks me 
From over-credulous haste:* But God above 
Deal between thee and me! for even now 
I put myself to thy direction, and 
Unspeak mine own detraction: here abjure 
The taints and blames I laid upon myself, 

* Over-hasty credulity 



MACBETH. 269 

For strangers to my nature. I am yet 

Unknown to woman; never was foresworn; 

Scarcely have coveted what was mine own: 

At no time broke my faith; would not betray 

The devil to his fellow; and delight 

No less in truth, than life: my first false speaking 

Was this upon myself: What 1 am truly, 

Is thine, and my poor country's, to command. 

AN OPPRESSED COUNTRY. 

Alas, poor country; 
Almost afraid to know itself! It cannot 
Be call'd our mother, but our grave: where nothing, 
But who knows nothing, is once seen to smile; 
Where sighs, and groans, and shrieks that rent the 

air, 
Are made, not mark'd: were violent sorrow seems 
A modern ecstasy:* the dead man's knell 
Is there scarce ask'd, for who; and good men's lives 
Expire before the flowers in their caps. 
Dying, or ere they sicken. 

MACDUFF'S BEHAVIOUR ON THE MURDER OF HIS 
WIFE AND CHILDREN. 

Rosse. 'Would I could answer 

This comfort with the like ! But I have words 
That would be howl'd out in the desert air, 
Where hearing should not latchf them. 

Macd. What concern they? 

The general cause? or is it a fee-grief,J 
Due to some single breast? 

Rosse. No mind, that's honest, 

But in it shares some wo; though the main part 
Pertains to you alone. 

Macd. If it be mine, 

Keep it not from me, quickly let me have it. 

Rosse. Let not your ears despise my tongue for 
ever, 
Which shall possess them with the heavest sound, 
That ever yet they heard. 

* Common distress of mind. t Catch, 

t A grief that has a single owner. 

23* 



270 BEAUTIES OF SHAKSPEARE. 

Macd. Humph ! I guess at it. 

Rosse. Your castle is surpris'd; your wife and 
babes, 
Savagely slaughter'd: to relate the manner, 
Were, on the qaarry* of these murder'd deer, 
To add the death of you. 

Mai. Merciful heaven ! — 

What, man ! ne'er pull your hat upon your brows; 
Give sorrow words: the grief, that does not speak, 
Whispers the o'er-fraught heart, and bids it break. 

Macd. My children too? 

Rosse. Wife, children, servants, all 

That could be found. 

Macd. And I must be from thence ! 

My wife kill'd too? 

Rosse. I have said. 

Mai. Be comforted: 

Let's make us med'cines of our great revenge, 
To cure this deadly grief. 

Macd. He has no children. — All my prettv ones? 
Did you say, all?— O, hell-kite!— All? 
What, all my pretty chickens, and their dam, 
At one fell swoop? 

Mai. Dispute it like a man. 

Macd. I shall do so; 

But I must also feel it as a man: 
I cannot but remember such things were, 
That were most precious to me.— Did heaven look on 
And would not take their part? Sinful Macduff, 
They were all struck for thee ! naught that I am, 
Not for their own demerits, but for mine, 
Fell slaughter on their souls: Heaven rest them now 

Mai. Be this the whetstone of your sword: let 
grief 
Convert to anger; blunt not the heart, enrage it. 

Macd. O, I could play the woman with mine eyes, 
And braggart with my tongue! — But, gentle heaven, 
Cut short all intermission;! front to front, 
Bring thou this fiend of Scotland, and myself: 

• The game after it is killed. t All pause. 



MACBETH. 271 

Within my sword's length set him; if he 'scape, 
Heaven forgive him too! 

Mai. This tune goes manly. 

Come, go we to the king; our power is ready; 
Our lack is nothing but our leave: Macbeth 
Is ripe for shaking, and the powers above 
Put on their instruments. Receive what cheer you 

may; 
The night is long, that never finds the day. 

ACT V. 

SCENE. — Enter Lady Macbeth, with * 'zper, 

Gent. Lo you, here she comes! This is her very 
guise; and, upon my life, fast asleep. Observe her* 
stand close. 

Doct. How came she by that light? 

Gent. Why, it stood by her: she has light by her 
continually; 'tis her command. 

Doct. You see her eyes are open. 

Gent. Ay, but their sense is shut. 

Doct. What is it she does now ? Look, how she 
rubs her hands. 

Gent. It is an accustomed action with her, to seem 
thus washing her hands; I have known her continue 
in this a quarter of an hour. 

Lady M. Yet here's a spot. 

Doct. Hark, she speaks: I will set down what 
comes from her, to satisfy my remembrance the more 
strongly. 

Lady M. Out, damned spot! out, I say! — One; 
Two; Why, then 'tis time to do't: Hell is mur- 
ky!* — Fie, my lord, fie! a soldier, and afear'd? 
What need we fear who knows it, when none can 
call our power to account? — Yet who would have 
thought the old man to have had so much blood in 
him? 

Doct. Do you mark that? 

Lady M The thane of Fife had a wife; Where is 
she now? What, will these hands ne'er be clean? 

* Dark*. 



272 BEAUTIES OF SHAKSPEARE. 

— No more o' that, my lord, no more o* that: You 
mar all with this starting. 

Doct. Go to, go to; you have known what you 
should not. 

Gent. She has spoke what she should not, I am 
sure of that: Heaven knows what she has known. 

Lady M. Here's the smell of the blood still: all 
the perfumes of Arabia will not sweeten this little 
hand. Oh! oh! oh! 

Doct. What a sigh is there ! The heart is sorely 
charged. 

Gent. I would not have such a heart in my bosom, 
for the dignity of the whole body. 

Doct. Well, well, well, — 

Gent. 'Pray God, it be, sir. 

Doct. This disease is beyond my practice: Yet I 
have known those which have walked in their sleep, 
who have died holily in their beds. 

Lady M. Wash your hands, put on your night- 
gown; look not .so pale: — I tell you yet again, Ban- 
quo's buried; he cannot come out of his grave. 

Doct. Even so? 

Lady M. To bed, to bed; there's knocking at the 
gate. Come, come, come, come, give me your hand; 
What's done, cannot be undone: To bed, to bed, to 
bed. 

DESPISED OLD AGE. 

I have liv'd long enough: my way of life 
Is fall'n into the sear,* the yellow leaf: 
And that which should accompany old age, 
As honour, love, obedience, troops of friends, 
I must not look to have; but in their stead, 
Curses, not loud, but deep, mouth-honour, breath, 
Which the poor heart would fain deny, but dare not 

DISEASES OP THE MIND INCURABLE. 

Canst thou not minister to a mind diseas'd; 
Pluck from the memory a rooted sorrow; 
Raze out the written troubles of the brain; 
And, with some sweet oblivious antidote, 

»Drv. 



OTHELLO. 273 

Cleanse the stuff 'd bosom of that perilous stuff, 
Which weighs upon the heart? 

REFLECTIONS ON LIFE. 

To-morrow, and to-morrow, and to-morrow, 
Creeps in this petty pace from day to day, 
To the last syllable of recorded time; 
And all our yesterdays have lighted fools 
The way to dusty death. Out, out, brief candle 
Life's but a walking shadow; a poor player, 
That struts and frets his hour upon the stage, 
And then is heard no more: it is a tale 
Told b v an idiot, full of sound and fury, 
Signifying nothing. 



OTHELLO. 
ACT I. 

PREFERMENT. 

'TIS the curse of service; 
Preferment goes by letter, and affection, 
.Not by the old gradation, where each second, 
Stood heir to the first. 

lAGO'S DISPRAISE OF HONESTY. 

We cannot all be masters, nor all masters 
Cannot be truly follow'd. You shall mark 
Many a duteous and knee-crooking knave, 
That, doting on his own obsequious bondage, 
Wears out his time, much like his master's ass, 
For nought but provender: and, when he's old, 

cashier'd: 
Whip me such honest knaves: Others there are } 
Who, trimm'd in forms and visages of duty, 
Keep yet their hearts attending on themselves; 
And, throwing but shows of service on their lords, 
Do well thrive by them, and, when they have lin'd 

their coats, 
Do themselves homage: these fellows have some soul; 
And such a one do I profess myself. 
For sir» 



274 BEAUTIES OF SHAKSFEARE 

ft is as sure as you are Roderigo, 

Were I the Moor, I would not be Iago* 

In following him, I follow but myself; 

Heaven is my judge, not I for love and duty, 

But seeming so, for my peculiar end: 

For when my outward action doth demonstrate 

The native act and figure of my heart 

In compliment extern,* 'tis not long after 

But I will wear my heart upon my sleeve 

For daws to peck at: I am not what I am. 

love, othello's sole motive for marrying 

For know, Iago, 
But that I love the gentle Desdemona, 
I would not my unhousedf free condition 
Put into circumscription and confine 
For the sea's worth. 

OTHELLO'S DESCRIPTION TO THE SENATE OP HIS 
WINNING THE AFFECTIONS OF DESDEMONA. 

Most potent, grave, and reverend signiors, 
My very noble and approv'd good masters, 
That I have ta'en away this old man's daughter. 
It is most true; true, I have married her; 
The very head and front of my offending 
Hath this extent, no more. Rude am I in my speech 
And little bless'd with the set phrase of peace; 
For since these arms of mine hath seven years' pith. 
Till now some nine moons wasted, they have us'd 
Their dearest actionem the tented field; 
And little of this great world can I speak, 
More than pertains to feats of broil and battle; 
And therefore little shall I grace my cause, 
In speaking for myself: Yet, by your gracious p» 

tience, 
I will a round unvarnish'd tale deliver 
Of my whole course of love; what drugs, what 

charms, 
What conjurations, and what mighty magic, 
(For such proceeding I am charg'd withal) 

* Outward show of civility. t Unsettled 

± Best exertion. 



OTHELLO. 275 

/ won his daughter with. 

Her father lov'd me; oft invited me; 

Still question'd me the story of my life, 

From year to year; the battles, sieges, fortunes, 

That I have pass'd. 

I ran it through, even from my boyish days, 

To the very moment that he made me tell it 

Wherein I spoke of most disastrous chances; 

Of moving accidents, by flood, and field; 

Of hair-breadth 'scapes i' the imminent deadly 

breach; 
Of being taken by the insolent foe, 
And sold to slavery: of my redemption thence, 
And portance* in my travel's history 
r # # * * 

These things to hear, 

Would Desdemona seriously incline: 

But still the house affairs would draw her thence; 

Which ever as she could with haste despatch, 

She'd come again, and with a greedy ear 

Devour up my discourse: Which I observing, 

Took once a pliant hour; and found good means 

To draw from her a prayer of earnest heart, 

That I would all my pilgrimage dilate, 

Whereof by parcelsf she had something heard, 

But not intentively:| I did consent; 

And often did beguile her of her tears, 

When I did speak of some distressful stroke, 

That my youth suffer'd. My story being done, 

She gave me for my pains a world of sighs: 

She swore,— In faith, 'twas strange, 'twas passing 

strange; 
'Twas pitiful, 'twas wondrous pitiful; 
She wish'd, she had not heard it: yet she wish'd 
That heaven had made her sucn a man: she thaivk'd 

me; 
And bade me, if I had a friend that lov'd her, 
I should but teach him how to tell my story, 

* My behaviour. t Parts. 

X Intention and attention were once synonymous. 



276 BEAUTIES OF SHAKSPEARE. 

And that would woo her. Upon this hint, I spake: 
She lov'd me for the dangers I had pass'd; 
Ana I lov'd her, that she did pity them. 

ACT II. 

PERFECT CONTENT. 

O my soul's joy ! 
If after every tempest come such calms, 
May the winds blow till they have waken'd death! 
And let the labouring bark climb hills of seas, 
Olympus-high; and duck again as low 
As hell's from heaven! If it were now to die, 
'Twere now to be most happy; for, I fear, 
My soul hath her content so absolute, 
That not another comfort like to this 
Suceeds in unknown fate. 



ACT III. 

a lover's exclamation. 
Farewell, my Desdemona. I will come to thee 

straight. 

* * * * 

[Exit Desdemona. 
Excellent wretch ! Perdition catch my soul, 
But I do love thee ! and when I love thee not, 
Chaos is come again. 

othello's first suspicion. 

Oth. What dost thou think? 

Iago. Think, my lord? 

Oth. Think, my lord 

By heaven, he echoes me, 
As if there were some monster in his thought 
Too hideous to be shown. — Thou dost mean some- 
thing: 
I heard thee say but now — Thou lik'dst not that, 
When Casslo left my wife; What did'st not like? 
iind, when I told thee — he was of my counsel 
In my whole course of wooing, thou cry'dst, Indeed^ 
And didst contract and purse thy brow together, 
As if thou then had'st shut up in thy brain 



OTHELLO. 277 

Some horrible conceit : If thou dost love me, 
Show me thy thought. 

Iago. My lord, you know I love you. 

Oth. I think, thou dost; 

And, for I know thou art fall of love and honesty, 
And weigh'st thy words before thou giv : st them 

breath, — 
Therefore these stops of thine fright me the more: 
For such things, in a false disloyal knave, 
Are tricks of custom; but in a man that's just, 
They are close denotements, working from the heart, 
That passion cannot rule. 

REPUTATION. 

Good name, in man and woman, dear my lord, 
Is the immediate jewel of their souls: 
Who steals my purse, steals trash; 'tis something, 

nothing; 
'Twas mine, 'tis his, and has been slave to thousands; 
But he, that niches from me my good name, 
Robs me of that, which not enriches him, 
And makes me poor indeed. 

OTHELLO'S JEALOUSY GAINING GROUND. 

This fellow's of exceeding honesty, 
And knows all qualities with a learned spirit, 
Of human dealings: If I do prove her haggard,* 
Though that her jessesf were my dear heart-strings, 
I'd whistle her off, and let down the wind, 
To pray at fortune. Haply, for I am black; 
And have not those soft parts of conversation, 
That chamberersj have: — Or, for I am declin'd 
Into the vale of years; — yet that's not much; — 
She's gone; I am abus'd, and my relief 
Must be — to loath her. O curse of marriage, 
That we can call these delicate creatures ours, 
And not their appetites! I had rather be a toad, 
And live upon the vapour of a dungeon, 

* A species of hawk, also a term of reproach applied to 
a wanton. 

t Straps of leather by which a hawk is held on the fist. 
t Men of intrigue. 

24 



278 BEAUTIES OF SHAKSPEARE. 

Than keep a corner in the thing I love, 
For other's uses. 

DEFINITION OF JEALOUSY. 

Trifles, light as air, 
Are, to the jealous, confirmations strong 
As proofs of holy writ. 

Iago. Look, where he comes! [Enter Othello. 
Not poppy, nor mandragora,* 
Nor all the drowsy syrups of the world, 
Shall ever medicine thee to that sweet sleep 
Which thou ow'dstf yesterday. 

Oth. Ha! ha! false to me? 

Tome? 

Iago. Why, how now, general? no more of that. 

Oth. Avaunt ! be gone ! thou hast set me on the 
rack: — 
I swear, 'tis better to be much abus'd, 
Than but to know't a little. 

Iago. How now, my lord? 

Oth. What sense had I of her stolen hours of lust.' 
I saw it not, thought it not, it harm'd not me: 
I slept the next night well, was free and merry; 
I found not Cassio's kisses upon her lips: 
He that is robb'd, not wanting what is stolen, 
Let him not know it, and he's not robb'd at all. 

Iago. I am sorry to hear this. 

Oth. I had been happy, if the general camp, 
Pioneers:}: and all, had tasted her sweet body, 
So I had nothing known: O now, for ever, 
Farewell the tranquil mind! farewell content! 
Farewell the plumed troop, and the big wars, 
That make ambition virtue! O, farewell! 
Farewell the neighing steed, and the shrill trump, 
The spirit-stirring drum, the ear-piercing fife, 
The royal banner; and all quality, 
Pride, pomp, and circumstance of glorious war 
And O you mortal engines, whose rude throats 

* The mandrake has a soporific quality. 

t Possessed'st. 

t The vilest of the camp. Pioneers were generally 
degraded soldiers. 



OTHELLO. 279 

The immortal Jove's dread clamours counterfeit, 
Farewell! Othello's occupation's gone! 

Iago. Is it possible ! — My lord, 

Oth. Villain, be sure thou prove my love a whore 
Be sure of it; give me the occular proof: 

[ Taking him by the throat 
Or, by the worth of mine eternal soul, 
Thou hadst been better have been born a dog, 
Than answer my wak'd wrath. 

Iago. Is it come to this ? 

Oth. Make me to see it; or (at the least) so prove it, 
That the probation bear no hinge, nor loop, 
To hang a doubt on : or, wo upon thy life ! 

Iago. My noble lord — 

Oth. If thou doth slander her, and torture me, 
Never pray more: abandon all remorse:* 
On horror's head horrors accumulate: 
Do deeds to make heaven weep, all earth amaz'd, 
For nothing canst thou to damnation add, 
Greater than that. 

Iago. O grace! O heaven defend me! 

Are you a man? have you a soul, or sense? — 
God be wi' you; take mine office. — O wretched fool, 
That liv'st to make thine honesty a vice! — 

monstrous world! Take note! take note, O world, 
To be direct and honest, is not safe. — 

1 thank you for this profit; and, from hence, 

I'll love no friend, since love breeds such offence. 

Oth. Nay, stay: — Thou should'st be honest. 

Iago. I should be wise: for honesty's a fool, 
And loses that it works for. 

Oth. By the world, 

I think my wife be honest, and think she is not; 
I think that thou art just, and think thou art not; 
I'll have some proof: Her name, that was as fresh 
As Dian's visage, is now begrim'd and black 
As mine own face. — If there be cords, or knives, 
Poison, or fire, or suffocating streams, 
I'll not endure it. — Would, 1 were satisfied. 

* All tenderness, all pity. 



2S0 BEAUTIES OF SHAKSPEARE. 

othello's story of the handkerchief. 

Oth. That handkerchief 
Did an Egyptian to my mother give; 
She was a charmer,* and could almost read 
The thoughts of people: she told her, while sht 

kept it, 
'Twould make her amiable, and subdue my father 
Entirely to her love; but if she lost it, 
Or made a gift of it, my father's eye 
Should hold her loathly, and his spirits should hunt 
After new fancies: She, dying, gave it me; 
And bid me, when my fate would have me wive, 
To give it her. I did so: and take heed oft, 
Make it a darling like your precious eye; 
To lose or give 't away, were such pe-dition, 
As nothing else could match. 

Des. Is it possible? 

Oth. 'Tis true: there's magic in the web of it: 
A sibyl that had number'd in the world 
The sun to make two hundred compasses, 
In her prophetic fury sew'dthe work. 
The worms were hallow'd, that did breed the silk, 
And it was died in mummy, which the skilful 
Conserv'd of maidens' hearts. 

a lover's computation of time. 

What I keep a week away? seven days and nights.' 
Eight score eight hours? and lovers' absent hoars. 
More tedious than the dial eight score times? 
O weary reckoning! 

ACT IV. 

othello's distraction. 
Oth. What hath he said? 

logo. 'Faith, that he did, — I know not what he did 
Oik. What? what? 
Iago. Lie— — 
Oth. With her? 

Iago. With her, on her; what you will. 

Oth. Lie with her ! lie on her f — We say, lie on 

* Enchantress. 



OTHELLO. 281 

her, when they belie her: Lie with her! that's ful- 
some. — Handkerchief, — confessions, — -handkerchief. 
To confess, and be hanged for his labour.* — First to 
be hanged, and then to confess: — I tremble at it. Na- 
ture would not invest herself in such shadowing 
passion, without some instruction. It is not words, 
that shake me thus: — Pish! — Noses, ears, and lips; 

— Is it possible? Confess! — -Handkerchief! — O 

devil ! — [Falls in a trance. 

HIS FONDNESS. 

A fine woman ! a fair woman ! a sweet woman ! 

Iago. Nay, you must forget that. 

Oth. Ay, let her rot, and perish, and be damned 
to-night; for she shall not live: No, my heart is 
turned to stone: I strike it, and it hurts my hand. 
O, the world hath not a sweeter creature: she might 
lie by an emperor's side, and command him tasks. 

Iago. Nay, that's not your way. 

Oth. Hang her; I do but say what she is: So de- 
licate with her needle ! — An admirable musician ! O, 
she Avill sing the savageness out of a bear! — Of so 
high and plenteous wit and invention! — 

Iago. She's the worse for all this. 

Oth. O, a thousand, a thousand times: — And then, 
of so gentle a condition!! 

Iago. Ay, too gentle. 

Oth. Nay, that's certain: But yet the pity of it, 
Iago! — O, Iago, the pity of it, Iago. 

HIS CONFIRMED JEALOUSY. 

Oth. Mistress, 

Des. My lord? 

Oth. What would you with her, sir? 

hod. Who, I, my lord? 

Oth. Ay; you did wish, that I would make hei 
turn; 
Sir, she can turn, and turn, and yet <*o on, 
And turn again; and she can weep, sir, weep; 
And she's obedient, as you say, — obedient, — 
Very obedient; — Proceed you in your tears.— 

* A proverbial saying. 

t Of so sweet disposition. _.* 

24* 



282 BEAUTIES OF SHAKSPEARE. 

Concerning this, sir, — 0, well-painted passion; 
I am commanded home: — Get you away; 
I'll send for you anon. — Sir, I obey the mandate, 
And will return to Venice; — Hence, avaunt! 

[Exit DiiSDEMONA, 

Cassio shall have my place. And, — sir, to-night, 
I do entreat that we may sup together 
You are welcome, sir, to Cyprus. — Goats, and mon- 
kies ! [Exit. 

HIS PATHETIC UPBRAIDING OF DESDEMONA. 

Des. Upon my knees, what doth your speech im- 
port ? 
I understand a fury in your words, 
But not the words. 

Oth. Why, what art thou? 

Des. Your wife, mj ''ird; your true 

And loyal wife. 

Oth. Come, swear it, da nn thyself; 

Lest, being like one of heaven, the devils themselves 
Should fear to seize thee : the :fore be double- 

damn'd, 
Swear — thou art honest. 

Des. Heaven 'tjth truly know it. 

Oth. Heaven truly knows, th?* thou art false as 
hell. 

Des. To whom, my lord? witft whom? How am 
I false? 

Oth. O Desdemona! away ! way! away! 

Des. Alas, the heavy day!— Why do you weep 3 
Am I (he occasion of these tea s, my lord? 
If, haply, you my father do su pect, 
An instrument of this your ca 1 ing back, 
Lay not your blame on me; if rou have lost him, 
Why, I have lost him too. 

Oth. H d it pleas'd heaven 

To try me with affliction: had he rain'd 
All kinds of sores, and shame? on my bare head; 
Steep'd me in poverty to the Miry lips; 
Given to captivity me and my utmost hopes; 
1 shouM have found in some part of my soul 
A drop of patience: but (ala' ; to make me 



OTHELLO. 293 

A fixed figure, for the time of scorn 

To point his slow unmoving finger at, — 

O! 0' 

Yet could I bear that too; well, very well: 

But there, where I have garner'd* up my heart; 

Where either 1 must live, or bear no life; 

The fountain from the which my current runs, 

Or else dries up; to be discarded thence! 

Or keep it as a cistern, for foul toads 

To knot and gender in ! — turn thy complexion theie 

Patience, thou young and rose-lipp'd cherubim; 

Ay, there, look grim as hell! 

Des. I hope my noble lord esteems me honest. 

Oth. O, ay; as summer Hies are in the shambles, 
That quicken even with blowing. O thou weed, 
Who art so lovely fair, and smell'st so sweet, 
That the sense aches at thee. — 'Would thou hadst 
ne'er been born ! 

Des. Alas, what ignorant sin have I committed? 

Oth. Was this fair paper, this most goodly book. 
Made to write whore upon ? What committed ! 
Committed ! — O thou public commoner ! 
I should make very forges of my cheeks, 
That would to cinders burn up modesty, 
Did I but speak thy deeds. — What committed ! 
Heaven stops the nose at it, and the moon winks; 
The bawdy wind, that kisses all it meets, 
Is hush'd within the hollow mine of earth, 
And will not hear it: What committed!— 
Impudent strumpet! 

Des. By heaven, you do me wrong 

Oth. Are not you a strumpet? 

Des. No, as I am a christian: 

If to preserve this vessel for my lord, 
From any other foul unlawful touch, 
Be — not to be a strumpet, I am none. 

Oth. What, not a whore? 

Des. No, as I shall be save 

Oth. Is it possible ? 

Des. O, heaven forgive us! 

* Treasured up. 



284 BEAUTIES OF SHAKSPEARE. 

Oth. I cry you mercy, then* 

I took you for that cunning whore of Venice, 
That married with Othello. 

desdemona's fidelity. 

O, good Iago, 
What shall I do to win my lord again? 
Good friend, go to him; for, by this light of heaven, 
I know not how I lost him. Here I kneel: — 
If e'er my will did trespass 'gainst his love, 
Either in discourse of thought, or actual deed; 
Or that mine eyes, mine ears, or any sense. 
Delighted them in any other form; 
Or that I do not yet, and ever did, 
And ever will — Though he do shake me off 
To beggarly divorcement, — love him dearly, 
Comfort forswear me! Unkindness may do much; 
And his unkindness may defeat my life, 
But never taint my love. 

ACT V. 
othello's irresolution to murder desdemona, 
SCENE. — A Bedchamber ; Desdemona in bed 

asleep. A light burning. 
It is the cause, it is the cause, my soul. — 
Let me not name it to you, you chaste stars' 
It is the cause. — Yet I'll not shed her blood; 
Nor scar that whiter skin of her's than snow. 
And smooth as monumental alabaster. 

[ Takes off his sword 
Yet she must die, else she'll betray more men. 
Put out the light, and then put out the light:* 
If I quench thee, thou flaming minister, 
I can again thy former light restore, 
Should I repent me: — but once put out thine, 
Thou cunning'st pattern of excelling nature, 
I know not where is that Promethean heat, 
That can thy light relume. When I have plucky 

thy rose, 
I cannot give it vital growth again, 

* i. e. The li«ht of life. 



mk wi ttksmi {Mm tim&i ®mm tiWA *m%( MiM 



m 




(Mgg§S!Xfi 



Othelo. 0, insupportable ! heavy hour ! 
Act V. Sc. 2. 



k5 



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t\^y 



wmmmmmMmmmmm* 



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OTHELLO. 235 

ft needs must wither: — I'll smell it on the tree — 

[Kissing her. 

balmy breath, that dost almost persuade 
Justice to break her sword! — One more, one more. — 
Be thus when thou art dead, and I will kill thee, 
And love thee after: — One more, and this the last: 
So sweet was ne'er so fatal. I must weep. 

But they are cruel tears: This sorrow's heavenly: 
It strikes, where it doth love. 

HIS CONFUSION AFTER THE MURDER. 

Yes; — 'tis Emelia: — by and by. She's dead 
Tis like she comes to speak of Cassio's death: 
The noise was high, — Ha! no more moving? 
Still as the grave. Shall she come in? Were't good? 

1 think, she stirs again: — No. — What's the best? 
If she come in, she'll sure speak to my wife: 
My wife! my wife! what wife? — I have no wife: 
O, insupportable! O heavy hour! 

Methinks it should be now a huge eclipse 

Of sun and moon; and that the affrighted globe 

Should yawn at alteration. 

HIS LOVE. 

Had she been true, 
If heaven would make me such another world 
Of one entire and perfect chrysolite,* 
I'd not have sold her for it. 

HIS REMORSE. 

Behold! I have a weapon; 
A better never did itself sustain 
Upon a soldier's thigh: I have seen the day, 
That, with this little arm, and this good sword, 
I have made my way through more impediments 
Than twenty times your stop: — But, O vain boast f 
Who can control his fate ? 'tis not so now. — 
Be not afraid, though you do see me weapon'd; 
Here is my journey's end, here is my butt, 
And very sea mark of my utmost sail. 
Do you go back dismay'd ? 'tis a lost fear, 
Man but a rush against Othello's breast, 

* A precious stone. 



286 BEAUTIES OF SHAKSPEARE. 

And he retires: — Where should Othello go? — 
Now, how dost thou look now ? O ill-starr'd wenc * 
Pale as thy smock! when we shall meet at compt* 
This look of thine will hurl my soul from heaven 
And fiends will snatch at it cold. Cold, my girl? 
Even like thy chastity. — 

O cursed, cursed slave! — Whip me, ye devils, 
From the possession of this heavenly sight! 
Blow me about in winds, roast me in sulphur! 
Wash me in steep down gulfs of liquid fire! — 

Desdemona! Desdemona! Jead? 
Dead? O! O! 0! 

HIS SPEECH BEFORE HIS DEATH. 

Soft you; a word or two, before you go. 

1 have done the state some service, and they know it, 
No more of that: — I pray you, in your letters, 
When you shall these unlucky deeds relate, 
Speak of me as 1 am; nothing extenuate, 

Nor set down aught in malice: then must you speak 

Of one, that lov'd not wisely, but too well; 

Of one, not easily jealous, but being wrought, 

Perplex'd in the extreme; of one, whose hand, 

Like the base Judean, threw a pearl away, 

Richer than all his tribe; cf one, whose subdu'd eyes, 

Albeit unused to the melting mood, 

Drop tears as fast as the Arabian trees 

Their medicinal gum: Set you down this: 

And say, besides, — that in Aleppo once, 

Where a malignant and a turban'd Turk 

Beat a Venetian, and traduc'd the state, 

I took by the throat the circumcised dog, 

And smote him — thus. [Stabs himself. 



ROMEO AND JULIET. 
ACT I. 

LOVE. 

LOVE is a smoke rais'd with the fume of sighs; 
Being purg'd, a fire sparkling in lovers' eyes; 
* Account. 



ROMEO AND JULIET. 287 

Being vex'd, a sea nourish'd with lovers' tears: 
What is it else? a madness most discreet, 
A choking gall, and a preserving sweet. 

ON DREAMS. 

O, then, I see, queen Mab hath been with you. 
She is the fairies' midwife; and she comes 
In shape no bigger than an agate-stone 
On the fore-finger of an alderman, 
Drawn with a team of little atomies* 
Athwart men's noses as they lie asleep . 
Her wagon-spokes made of long spinner's legs; 
The cover, of the wings of grasshoppers; 
The traces of the smallest spider's web; 
The collars, of the moonshine's watery beams: 
Her whip, of cricket's bone; the lash, of film: 
Her wagoner, a small gray-coated gnat, 
Not half so big as a round little worm 
Prick'd from the lazy finger of a maid; 
Her chariot is an empty hazel-nut, 
Made by the joiner squirrel, or old grub, 
Time out of mind the fairies' coach-makers. 
And in this state she gallops night by night 
Through lovers' brains, and then they dream of love. 
On courtiers' knees, that dream on court'sies straight. 
O'er lawyers' fingers, who straight dream on fees: 
O'er ladies' lips- who straight on kisses dream; 
Which oft the angry Mab with blisters plagues, 
Because their breaths with sweetmeats tainted are. 
Sometimes she gallops o'er a courtier's nose, 
And then dreams he of smelling out a suit:f 
And sometimes comes she with a tithe-pig's tail, 
Tickling a parson's nose as 'a lies asleep, 
Then dreams he of another benefice: 
Sometimes she driveth o'er a soldier's neck, 
And then dreams he of cutting foreign throats, 
Of breaches, ambuscadoes, Spanish blades, 
Of healths five fathom deep; and then anon 
Drums in his ear; at which he starts and wakes; 
And, being thus frighted, swears a prayer or two, 

* Atoms. t A place in court. 







283 BEAUTIES OF SHAKSPEARE 

And sleeps again. This is that very Mab, 
That plats the manes of horses in the night; 
And bakes the elf-locks* in foul sluttish hairs, 
Which, once untangled, much misfortune bodes. 
This is the hag, when maids lie on their backs, 
That presses them, and learns them first to bear. 
Making them women of good carriage. 
This, this is she — 

Rom. Peace, peace, Mercutio, peace 

Thou talk'st of nothing. 

jrler. True, I talk of dreams; 

Which are the children of an idle brain, 
Begot of nothing but vain fantasy; 
Which is as thin of substance as the air; 
And more inconstant than the wind, who wooes 
Even now, the frozen bosom of the north, 
And, being anger'd, puffs away from thence, 
Turning his face to the dew-drooping south. 

DESCRIPTION OF A BE^'.'TY. 

0, she doth teach the torches to burn bright' 
Her beauty hangs upon the cheek of night 
Like a rich jewel in an Ethiop'sf ear: 
Beauty too rich for use, for earth too dear! 
So shows a snowy dove trooping with crows, 
As yonder lady o'er her fellows shows. 

ACT II. 

THE GARDEN SCENE. 

Enter Romeo. 

fiom. He jests at scars that never felt a wound.— 
[Juliet appears above, at a window 
But, soft ! what light through yonder window breaks' 
It is the east, and Juliet is the sun !— 
Arise, fair sun, and kill the envious moon, 
Who is already sick and pale with grief, 
That thou her maid art far more fair than she: 
Be not her maiJ,:j: since she is envious; 

* i. e. Fairy locks, locks of hair clotted and tangled in 
the night. 

t An Ethiopian, a black. 

%A. votary to the moon, to T >iana. 



ROMEO AND JULIET. 289 

Her vestal livery is but sick and green. 

And none but fools do wear it; cast it off. — 

It is ray lady; O, it is my love* 

O, that she knew she were! — 

She speaks, yet she says nothing; What of that, 

Her eye discourses, I will answer it. — 

I am too bold, 'tis not to me she speaks; 

Two of the fairest stars in all the heaven, 

Having some business, do entreat her eyes 

To twinkle in their spheres till they return 

What if her eyes were there, they in her head; 

The brightness of her cheek would shame those stars, 

As daylight doth a lamp; her eye in heaven 

Would through the airy region stream so bright, 

That birds would sing, and think it were not night 

See, how she leans her cheek upon her hand! 

O, that I were a glove upon that hand, 

That I might touch that cheek! 

Jul. Ah, me! 

Ro?n. She speaks* 

O, speak again, bright angel! for thou art 
As glorious to this night, being o'er my head, 
As is a Avinged messenger of heaven 
Unto the white-upturned wond'ring eyes 
Of mortals, that fall back to gaze on him, 
When he bestrides the lazy-pacing clouds, 
And sails upon the bosom of the air. 

Jul. O Romeo, Romeo! wherefore art thou Romeo.' 
Deny thy father, and refuse thy name: 
Or if thou wilt not, be but sworn my love, 
And I'll no longer be a Capulet. j 

Rom. Shall I hear more, or shall I speak at this? 

[Aside, 

Jul. 'Tis but thy name, that is my enemy. 
***** 

What's in a name? that which we call a rose, 
By any other name would smell as sweet; 
So Romeo would, were he not Romeo call'd, 
Retain that dear perfection which he owes,* 
Without that title: — Romeo, dofff thy name; 
* Owns, possesses. t Do off 

25 : 



250 BEAUTIES OF SHAKSPEARE. 

And for that name, which is no part of thee, 
Take all myself. 

Rom. I take thee at thy word: 

Call me but love, and I'll be new baptiz'd; 
Henceforth I never will be Romeo. 

Jul. What man art thou, that, thus bescreen'd 
night, 
So stumblest on my counsel? 

Rom. By a name 

I know not how to tell thee who I am: 
My name, dear saint, is hateful to myself, 
Because it is an enemy to thee; 
Had I it written, I would tear the word. 

Jul. My ears have not yet drunk a hundred words 
Of that tongue's utterance, yet I know the soundj 
Art thou not Romeo, and a Montague? 

Bom. Neither, fair saint, if either thee dislike. 

Jul. How cam'st thou hither, tell me? and where- 
fore ? 
The orchard walls are high, and hard to climb, 
A nd the place death, considering who thou art, 
If any of my kinsmen find thee here. 

Rom. With love's light wings did I o'er-perch 
these walls;. 
For stony limits cannot hold love out; 
And what love can do, that dares love attempt, 
Therefore, thy kinsmen are no let* to me. 

Jul. If they do see thee, they will murder thee. 

Rom. Alack ! there lies more peril in thine eye, 
Than twenty of their swords; look thou but sweet, 
And I am proof against their enmity. 

Jul. I would not for the world, they saw thee here. 

Rom. I have night's cloak to hide me from their 
sight; 
And, bat thou love me,f let them find me here: 
My life were better ended by their hate, 
Than death prorogued, wanting of thy love. 

Jul. By whose direction found'st thou out this 
place? 

Rom. By love, who first did prompt me to inquire; 
* Hinderance. t Unless thou love me. 



ROMEO AND JULIET. 291 

He lent me counsel, and I lent him eyes. 

I am no pilot; yet, wert thou as far 

As that vast shore wash'd with the furthest sea, 

I would adventure for such merchandise. 

Jul. Thou know'st the mask of night is on my face 
Else would a maiden blush bepaint my cheek, 
For that which thou hast heard me speak to-night. 
Fain would I dwell on form, fain, fain deny 
What I have spoke; But farewell compliment! 
Dost thou love me? I know thou wilt say — Ay; 
And I will take thy word; yet, if thou svvear'st, 
Thou may'st prove false : at lovers' perjuries, 
They say, Jove laughs. O, gentle Romeo, 
If thou dosl love, pronounce it faithfully; 
Or if thou think'st I am too quickly won, 
I'll frown, and be perverse, and say thee nay, 
So thou wilt woo; but, else, not for the world. 
In truth, fair Montague, I am loo fond; 
And therefore thou may'st think my 'haviour* light. 
But, trust me, gentleman, I'll prove, more true 
Than those that have more cunning to be strange.) 
I should have been more strange, I must confess, 
But that thou overheard'st, ere I was 'ware, 
My true love's passion: therefore pardon me; 
And not impute this yielding to light love, 
Which the dark night hath so discovered. 

Rom. Lady, by yonder blessed moon I swear, 
That tips with silver all the fruit-tree tops — 

Jul. O, swear not by the moon, the inconstant 
moon, 
That monthly changes in her circled orb, 
Lest that thy love prove likewise variable. 

Rom. What shall I swear by ? 

Jul. Do not swear at all } 

Or, if thou wilt, swear by thy gracious self, 
Which is the God of my idolatry, 
And I'll believe thee. 

Rom. If my heart's dear love— 

Jul. Well, do not swear : although I joy in thee, 
I have no joy in this contract of to-night: 

* Behaviour. t Shy. 



292 BEAUTIES OF SHAKSPEARE. 

It is too rash, too unadvis'd, too sudden: 
Too like the lightning, which doth cease to he, 
Ere one can say — It lightens. Sweet, good night! 
This bud of love, by summer's ripening breath, 
May prove a beauteous flower when next we meet, 
Good nie;ht, good night; as sweet repose and rest 
Come \.o thy heart, as that within my breast ! 

Rom. O, wilt thou leave me so unsatisfied? 

Jul. What satisfaction canst thou have to-night? 

Rom. The exchange of thy love's faithful vow for 
mine. 

Jul I gave thee mine before thou didst request it. 
And yet I would it were to give again. 

Rom. Would'st thou withdraw it? for what pur* 
pose, love ? 

Jul. But to be frank,* and give it thee again. 
And yet I wish but for the thing I have; 
My bounty is as boundless as the sea, 
My love as deep; the more I give to thee, 
The more I have, for both are infinite. 

[Nurse calls within. 
I hear some noise within; Dear love, adieu! 
Anon, good nurse! — Sweet Montague, be true. 
Stay but a little, I will come again. [Exit. 

Rom. O blessed, blessed night ! I am afeard, 
Being in night, all this is but a dream, 
Too flattering-sweet to be substantial. 
Re-enter Juliet, above. 

Jul. Three words, dear Romeo, and good night, 
indeed. 
If that thy bentt of love be honourable, 
Thy purpose marriage, send me word to-morrow, 
By one that I'll procure to come to thee, 
Where, and what time, thou wilt perform the rite; 
And all my fortunes at thy feet I'll lay 
And follow thee my lord throughout the world. 

Nurse. [Within.] Madam. 

Jul. I come, anon: — But if thou mean'st not well, 
I do beseech thee, — 

Nurse. [Within.] Madam. 

* Free. t Inclination. 



ROMEO AND JULIET. 293 

Jul. By and by, I come: — 

To cease thy suit, and leave me to my grief: 
To-morrow will I send. 

Rom. So thrive my soul. — 

Jul. A thousand times good night ! [Exit, 

Rom. A thousand times the worse, to want thy 
light.— 
Love goes toward love, as schoolboys from their 

books; 
But love from love, toward school with heavy looks. 

[Retiring slowly 
Re-enter Juliet, above. 

Jul. Hist! Romeo, hist! — O, for a falconer's voice, 
To lure this tassel-gentle* back again! 
Bondage is hoarse, and may not speak aloud- 
Else would I tear the cave where echo lies, 
And make her airy tongue more hoarse than mine 
With repetition of my Romeo's name. 

Rom. It is my soul, that calls upon my name ! 
How silver-sweet sound lovers' tongues by night, 
Like softest music to attending ears! 

Jul. Romeo! 

Rom. My sweet ! 

Jul. At what o'clock to-morrow 

Shall I send to thee? 

Rom. At the hour of nine. 

Jul. I will not fail; 'tis twenty years till then, 
I have forgot why I did call thee back. 

Rom. Let me stand here till thou remember it. 

Jul. I shall forget, to have thee still stand there, 
Rememb'ring how I love thy company. 

Rom. And I'll still stay; to have thee still forget, 
Forgetting any other home but this. 

Jul. 'Tis almost morning, I would have thee gone 
And yet no further than a wanton's bird; 
Who let's it hop a little from her hand, 
Like a poor prisoner in his twisted gyves,t 
And with a silk thread plucks it back again, 
So loving-jealous of his liberty. 

Rom. I would, I were thy bird. 

* The male of the goshawk. t Fetters. 
25* 



294 BEAUTIES OF SHAKSPEARE. 

Jul. Sweet, so would I: 

Yet 1 should kill thee with much cherishing. 
Goodnight, good night 1 parting is such sweet sor- 
That I shall say — good night, till it be morrow, [row, 
love's heralds. 

Love's heralds should be thoughts, 
Which ten times faster glide than the sun's beams, 
Driving back shadows over low'ring hills: 
Therefore do nimble-pinion'd doves draw love, 
And therefore hath the wind-swift Cupid wings. 

VIOLENT DELIGHTS NOT LASTING. 

These violent delights have violent ends, 
And in their triumph die; like fire and powder, 
Which, as they kiss, consume. 

LOVERS LIGHT OF FOOT. 

O, so light a foot 
Will ne'er wear out the everlasting flint: 
A lover may bestride the gossomers* 
That idle in the wanton summer air, 
And yet not fall; so light is vanity. 

ACT III. 

A LOVER'S IMPATIENCE. 

Gallop apace, you fiery-footed steeds, 
Towards Phoebus' mansion; such a wagoner 
As Phaiton would whip you to the west, 
And bring in cloudy night immediately. — 
Spread thy close curtain, love performing night! 
That run-away 's eyes may wink; and Romeo 
Leap to these arms, untalk'd of, and unseen! — 
Lovers can see to do their amorous rites 
By their own beauties: or, if love be blind, 
It best agrees with night 

ROMEO ON HIS BANISHMENT. 

S.CENE.t-JVw Laurence's Cell, 
Enter Friar Laurence and Romeo. 
Fri. A gentler judgment vanish 'd from his lips, 
Not body's death, but body's banishment. 

* The long white filament which *lies in the air. 



ROMEO AND JULIET. 295 

Rom. Ha! banishment? be merciful, say — death: 
For exile hath more terror in his look, 
Much more than death: do not say — banishment. 

Fri. Hence from Verona art thou banished 
Be patient: for the world is broad and wide. 

Rom. There is no world without Verona walls, 
But purgatory, torture, hell itself. 
Hence banished, is banished from the world, 
And world's exile is death: — then banishment 
Is death mis-term'd: calling death — banishment, 
Thou cut'st my head off with a golden axe, 
And smil'st upon the stroke that murders me. 

Fri. O deadly sin! O rude unthankfulness! 
Thy fault our law calls death; but the kind prince 
Taking thy part, hath rush'd aside the law, 
And turn'd that black word death to banishment: 
This is dear mercy and thou see'st it not. 

Rom. 'Tis torture and not mercy : heaven is here, 
Where Juliet lives; and every cat and dog, 
And little mouse, every unworthy thing, 
Live here in heaven, and may look on her, 
But Romeo may not. — More validity,* 
More honourable state, more courtship lives 
In carrion flies, than Romeo; they may seize 
On the white wonder of dear Juliet's hand, 
And steal immortal blessing from her lips; 
Who, even in pure and vestal modesty, 
Still blush, as thinking their own kisses sin; 
But Romeo may not; he is banished: 
Flies may do this, when I from this must fly; 
They are free men, but I am banished. 
And say'st thou yet, that exile is not death? 
Hadst thou no poison mix'd, no sharp-ground knife, 
No sudden mean of death, though ne'er so mean, 
But — banished — to kill me; banished? 
O friar, the damned use that word in hell; 
Howlings attend it: how hast thou the heart, 
Being a divine, a ghostly confessor, 
A sin-absolver, and my friend profess'd, 

* Worth, value 



29G BEAUTIES OF SHAKSPEARE. 

To mangle me with that word — banishment? 

Fri. Thou fond madman, hear me but speak a word 

Rom. O, thou wilt speak again of banishment. 

Fri. I'll give thee armour to keep off that word; 
Adversity's sweet milk, philosophy, 
To comfort thee, though thou art banished. 

Rom. Yet banished?— Hang up philosophy! 
Unless philosophy can make a Juliet, 
Displant a town, reverse a prince's doom; 
It helps not, it prevails not, talk no more. 

Fri. O, then I see that madmen have no ears. 

Rom. How should they, when that wise men have 
no eyes? 

Fri. Let me dispute with thee of thy estate. 

Rom. Thou canst not speak of what thou dost not 
Wert thou as young as I, Juliet thy love, [feel: 

An hour but married, Tybalt murdered, 
Doting like me, and like me banished, 
Then might'st thou speak, then might'st thou tear thy 
And fall upon the ground, as I do now, [hair, 

Taking the measure of an unmade grave. 

RELUCTANCE OF LOVERS TO PART 

SCENE. Juliet's Chamber. 

Jul. Wilt thou be gone? it is not yet near day: 
It was the nightingale, and not the lark, 
That pierc'd the fearful hollow of thine ear; 
Nightly she sings on yon pomegranate tree: 
Believe me, love, it was the nightingale. 

Rom. It was the lark, the herald of the morn. 
No nightingale: look, love, what envious streaks 
Do lace the severing clouds in yonder east: 
Night's candles are burnt out, and jocund day 
Stands tiptoe on the misty mountain tops; 
I must be gone and live, or stay and die. 

Jul. Yon light is not day-light, I know it, I; 
It is some meteor that the sun exhales, 
To be to thee this night a torch-bearer, 
And light thee on thy way to Mantua: 
l,*erefore stay yet, thou need'st not to be gone. 

Horn. Let me be ta'en, let me be put to death; 



ROMEO AND JULIET. 297 

I am content, so thou wilt have it so. 
I'll say, yon gray is not the morning's eye, 
'Tis but the pale reflex of Cynthia's brow;* 
Nor that is not the lark, whose notes do beat 
The vaulty heav'n so high above our heads: 
I have more caref to stay, than will to go: — 
Come, death, and welcome! Juliet wills it so. — 
How is't, my soul ? let's talk, it is not day. 

ACT IV 

Juliet's resolution. 

O bid me leap, rather than marry Paris, 
From off the battlements of yonder tower; 
Or walk in thievish ways; or bid me lurk 
Where serpents are, chain me with roaring bears* 
Or shut me nightly in a charnel-house, 
O'er cover'd quite with dead men's rattling bones, 
With reeky shanks, and yellow chapless skulls; 
Or bid me go into a new-made grave, 
And hide me with a dead man in his shroud; 
Things that, to hear them told, have made me 

tremble; 
And I will do it without fear or doubt, 
To live an unstain'd wife to my sweet love. 

juliet's soliloquy on drinking the opiate. 

Farewell ! — God knows, when we shall meet again. 
I have a faint cold fear thrills through my veins, 
That almost freezes up the heat of life: 
I'll call them back again to comfort me; — 
Nurse! — What should she do here? 
My dismal scene I needs must act alone. — 
Come, phial. — 

What if this mixture do not work at all? 
Must I of force be married to the county? — 
No, no; — this shall forbid it: — lie thou there. — 

[Laying down a dagger. 
What if it be a poison, which the friar 
Subtly hath minister'd to have me dead; 
Lest in this marriage he should be dishonour'd, 

* Reflection of the moon. t Inclination. 



298 BEAUTIES OF SHAKSPEARE. 

Because he marry 'd me before to Romeo? 
1 fear it is: and yet, methinks, it should not, 
For he hath still been tried a holy man: 
I will not entertain so bad a thought. — 
How if, when I am laid into the tomb, 
I wake before the time that Romeo 
Come to redeem me? there's a fearful point! 
hall I not then be stifled in the vault, 
To whose foul mouth no healthsome air breathes in, 
And there die strangled ere my Romeo comes? 
Or, if I live, it is not very like, 
The horrible conceit of death and night, 
Together with the terror of the place, — 
As in a vault, an ancient receptacle, 
Where, for these many hundred years, the bones 
Of all my buried ancestors are pack'd; 
Where bloody Tybalt, yet but green in earth, 
Lies fest'ring in his shroud; where, as they say, 
At some hours in the night spirits resort; — 
Alack, alack ! i* it not like, that I, 
So early waking, — what with loathsome smells; 
And shrieks like mandrakes torn out of the earth, 
That living mortals, hearing them, run mad;* — 
9! if I wake shall I not be distraught,! 
Environed with all these hideous fears? 
And madly play with my forefathers' joints? 
And pluck the mangled Tybalt from his shroud? 
And, in this rage, with some great kinsman's bone, 
As with a club, dash out my desperate brains? 
O, look! methinks, I see my cousin's ghost 
Seeking out Romeo, that did spit his body 
Upon a rapier's point: — Stay, Tybalt, stay! — 
Romeo, I come ! this do I drink to thee. 

[She throws herself on the bed. 

* The fabulous accounts of the plant called a man- 
drake give it a degree of animal life, and when it is torn 
from the ground it groans, which is fatal to him thai 
pulls it up. 

t Distracted. 



ROMEO 4ND JULIET. 299 

JOY CHANGED TO SORROW. 

All things, that we ordained festival, 
Turn from their office to black funeral: 
Our in c truments to melancholy bells; 
Our wedding cheer, to a sad burial feast; 
Our solemn hymns to sullen dirges change; 
Our bridal flowers serve for a buried corse, 
And all things change them to the contrary. 

ACT V. 

ROMEO'S DESCRIPTION AND DISCOURSE WITH THB 
APOTHECARY 

Well, Juliet, T will lie with thee to-night. 
Let's see for means: — O, mischief, thou art swift 
To enter in the thoughts of desperate men! 
I do remember an apothecary, — 
And hereabouts he dwells — whom late I noted 
hi tatter'd weeds, with overwhelming brows, 
Culling of simples;* meagre were his looks, 
And in his needy shop a tortoise hung, 
Sharp misery had worn him to the bones: 
An alligator stuff'd, and other skins 
Of ill-shap'd fishes; and about his shelves 
A beggarly account of empty boxes, 
Green earthen pots, bladders and musty seeds, 
Remnants of packthread, and old cakes of roses, 
Were thinly scatter'd, to make up a show. 
Noting this penury, to myself I said — 
And if a man did need a poison now, 
Whose sale is present death in Mantua, 
Here lives a caitiff wretch would sell it him. 
0, this same thought did but fore-run my need; 
And this same needy man must sell it me. 
As I remember, this should be the house: 
Being holiday, the beggar's shop is shut. — 
What, ho ! apothecary ! 

Enter Apothecary. 

Jlp. Who calls so loud? 

Rom. Come hither, man. — I see that thou art 
poor: 

* Herbs. 



300 BEAUTIES OF SHAKSPEARE. 

Hold, there is forty ducats: let me have 

A dram of poison: such soon speeding geer* 

As will disperse itself through all the veins. 

That the life-weary taker may fall dead; 

And that the trunk may be discharg'd of breath 

As violently, as hasty powder fir'd 

Doth hurry from the fatal cannon's womb. 

Ap. Such mortal drugs I have; but Mantua's law 
Is death to any he that utters them. 

Rom. Art thou so bare, and full of wretchedness, 
And fear'st to die? famine is in thy cheeks, 
Need and oppression starveth in thy eyes. 
Upon thy back hangs ragged misery, 
The world is not thy friend, nor the world's law; 
The world affords no law to make thee rich; 
Then be not poor, but break it, and take this. 

Jlp. My poverty, but not my will, consents. 

.Rom. I pay thy poverty, and not thy will. 

Jlp. Put this in any liquid thing you will, 
And drink it off; and if you had the strength 
Of twenty men it would despatch you straight. 

Rom. There is thy gold, worse poison to men'? 
souls, 
Doing more murders in this loathsome world, 
Than these poor compounds that thou may'st not sell: 
I sell thee poison, thou hast sold me none. 
Farewell; buy food, and get thyself in flesh. 

THE CONTEST OP ROMEO AND PARIS. 

Par. Stop thy unhallow'd toil, vile Montague; 
Can vengeance be pursu'd further than death? 
Condemned villain, I do apprehend thee: 
Obey, and go with me; for thou must die. 

Rom. I must, indeed, and therefore came I hitho: 
Good gentle youth, tempt not a desperate man, 
Fly hence and leave me; — think upon these gone; 
Let them affright thee. — I beseech thee, youth, 
Heap not another sin upon my head, 
By urging me to fury: — 0, be gone! 
By heaven, I love thee better than myself: 
For I come hither, arm'd against myself: 

* Staff. 



ROMEO AND JULIET. 801 

Stay not, begone:— live, and hereafter say— 
A madman's mercy bade thee run away. 

Par. I do defy thy conjurations,* 
And do attach thee as a felon here. 

Rom Wilt thou provoke me? then have at thee, 
boy. [They fight. 

Par. O, I am slain! [Falls.]— If thou be merciful, 
Open the tomb, lay me with Juliet. [Dies. 

Rom. In faith, I will:— Let me peruse this face;— 
Mercutio's kinsman, noble county Paris:— 
What said my man, when my betossed soul 
Did not attend him as we rode? I think, 
He told me, Paris should have married Juliet: 
Said he not so? or did I dream it so? 
Or am 1 mad, hearing him talk of Juliet, 
To think it was so!— give me thy hand, 
One writ with me in sour misfortune's book! 

ROMEO'S LAST SPEECH OVER JULIET IN THE TOMB. 

O, my love! my wife! 
Death, that hath suek'd the honey of thy breath, 
Hath had no power yet upon thy beauty: 
Thou art not conquer'd; beauty's ensign yet 
Is crimson in thy lips, and in thy cheeks, 
And death's pale flag is not advanced there.— 
Tybalt, liest t'.ou there in thy bloody sheet? 
O, what more favour can I do to thee, 
Than with that hand that cut thy youth in twain, 
To sunder his that was thine enemy! 
Forgive me, cousin! — Ah, dear Juliet, 
Why art thou yet so fair! Shall I believe 
That unsubstantial death is amorous; 
And that the lean abhorred monster keeps 
Thee here in dark to be his paramour! 
For fear of that, I will still stay with thee; 
And never from this palace of dim night 
Depart again; here, here will I remain 
With worms that are thy chambermaids; O, here 
Will I set up my everlasting rest; 

* I refuse to do as thou conjurest me to do, i. e. depart 
26 



S02 BEAUTIES OF SHAKSPEARE. 

And shake the yoke ofinauspicious stars 
From this world-wearied flesh. — Eyes, look your last 
Arms, take your last embrace ! and lips, O you 
The doors of breath, seal with a righteous kiss 
A dateless baigain to engrossing death! — 
Come, bitter conduct,* come unsavoury guide! 
Thou desperate pilot, now at once run on 
The dashing rocks thy sea-sick weary bark! 
Here's to my love! — [Drinks.] O, true apothecary! 
Thy drugs are quick. — Thus with a kiss I die. [Dies. 



TIMON OF ATHENS. 
ACT I. 

PAINTING. 

THE painting is almost the natural man; 
For since dishonour traffics with man's nature, 
He is but outside: These pencil'd figures are 
Even such as they give out.f 

THE PLEASURE OF DOING GOOD. 

O, you gods, think I, what need we have any 
friends, if we should never have need of them? they 
were the most needless creatures living, should we 
ne'er have use for them: and would most resemble 
sweet instruments hung up in cases, that keep their 
sounds to themselves. Why, I have often wished 
myself poorer, that I might come nearer to you. 
We are born to do benefits: and what better or pro- 
perer can we call our own, than the riches of our 
friends? O, what a precious comfort 'tis, to have so 
many, like brothers, commanding one another's for- 
tunes! 



ACT II. 

A FAITHFUL STEWARD. 

So the gods bless me, 
Whm all our offices}: have been oppress'd 

* Conductor. f Pictures have no hypocrisy; they are 
what they profess to be. 

t The apartments allotted to culinary offices, &c* 



TIMON OF ATHENS. 303 

WHh riotous feeders; when our vaults have wept 
With drunken spilth of wine: when every room 
Hath blaz'd with lights, and bray'd with minstrelsy; 
1 have retired me to a wasteful cock,* 
And set mine eyes at flow. 

INGRATITUDE, 

They answer in a joint and corporate voice, 
That now they are at fall,t want treasure, cannot 
Do what they would; are sorry — you are honour- 
able, — 
But yet they could have wish'd — they know not — but 
Something hath been amiss — a noble nature 
May catch a wrench — would all were well — 'tis 

pity— 
And so, intending^ other serious matters, 
After distasteful looks, and these hard fractions,§ 
With certain half-caps||, and cold-moving nods, 
They froze me into silence. 

ACT III. 

THE MISERABLE SHIFTS OF INGRATITUDE. 

Ser. My honoured lord,— [To Lucius. 

Luc. Servilius! you are kindly met, sir. Fare 
thee well: — Commend me to thy honourable virtuous 
lord, my very exquisite friend. 

Ser. May it please your honour, my lord hath 
sent 

Luc. Ha! what has he sent? I am so much en- 
deared to that lord; he's ever sending: How shall I 
thank him, thinkest thou? And what has he sent now? 

Ser. He has only sent his present occasion now, 
my lord; requesting your lordship to supply his in- 
stant use with so many talents. 

Luc. I know, his lordship is but merry with me; 
He cannot want fifty-five hundred talents. 

* A pipe with a turning stopple running to waste. 

t i. e. At an ebb. X Intending, had anciently the 

same meaning as attending. 

§ Broken hints, abrupt remarks. 

II A half cap is a cap slightly moved, not put off 



804 BEAUTIES OF SHAKSPEARE. 

Ser. But in the mean time he wants less, my lord. 
If his occasion were not virtuous,* 
I should not urge it half so faithfully. 

Luc. Dost thou speak seriously, Servilius? 

Ser. Upon my soul, 'tis true, sir. 

Luc. What a wicked beast was I, to disfurnish 
myself against such a good time, when I might have 
shown myself honourable ? how unluckily it happened, 
that I should purchase the day before for a little part, 
and undo a great deal of honour; — Servilius, now 
before the gods, 1 am not able to do't; the more beast, 
I say: — I was sending to use lord Timon myself, 
these gentlemen can witness; but I would not, for 
the wealth of Athens, I had done it now. Commend 
me bountifully to his good lordship; and I hope his 
honour will conceive the fairest of me, because I 
have no power to be kind: And tell him this from me, 
I count it one of my greatest afflictions, say, that I 
cannot pleasure such an honourable gentleman. 
Good Servilius, will you befriend me so far, as to use 
mine own words to him ? 

Ser. Yes, sir, I shall. 

Luc. I will iook you out a good turn, Servilius. — 

[Exit Servilius. 
True, as you said, Timon is shrunk, indeed; 
And he, that's once denied, will hardly speed. [Exit, 

AGAINST DUELLING. 

Your words have took such pains, as if they la- 

bour'd 
To bring manslaughter into form, set quarrelling 
Upon the head of valour; which, indeed, 
Is valour misbegot, and came into the world 
When sects and factions were but newly born: 
He's truly valiant, that can wisely suffer 
The worst that man can breathe; and make his 

wrongs 
His outsides; wear them like his raiment, carelessly; 
And ne'er prefer his injuries to his heart, 
To bring it into danger. 

* «« If he did not want it for a good use.*' 



TIMON OF ATHENS. 805 

ACT IV. 

TIMON'S EXECRATION OF THE ATHENIANS. 

SCENE,.— Without the walls of Athens. 
Let me look back upon thee, O thou wall, 
That girdlest in those wolvefe! Dive in the earth, 
And fence not Athens! Matrons, turn incontinent! 
Obedience fail in children! slaves, and fools, 
Pluck the grave wrinkled senate from the bench, 
And minister in their stead! to general filths* 
Convert o' the instant, green virginity! 
Do't in your parent's eyes! bankrupts, hold fast; 
Rather than render back, out with your knives, 
And cut your truster's throats! bound servants, stea? ! 
Large handed robbers your grave masters are, 
And pill by law! maid, to thy master's bed; 
Thy mistress is o' the brothel! son of sixteen, 
Pluck the lin'd crutch from the old limping sire, 
With it beat out his brains! piety, and fear, 
Religion to the gods, peace, justice, truth, 
Domestic awe, night-rest, and neighbourhood, 
Instruction, manners, mysteries, and trades, 
Degrees, observances, customs, and laws, 
Decline to your confounding contraries,f 
And yet confusion live ! — Plagues incident to men, 
Your potent and infectious fevers heap 
On Athens, ripe for stroke! thou cold sciatica, 
Cripple our senators, that their limbs may halt 
As lamely as their manners! lust and liberty !| 
Creep in the minds and marrows of our youth; 
That 'gainst the stream of virtue they may strive, 
And drown themselves in riot! itches, blains, 
Sow all the Athenian bosoms; and their crop 
Be general leprosy ! breath infect breath; 
That their society, as their friendship, may 
Be merely poison ! Nothing I'll bear from thee, 
But nakedness, thou detestable town! 

* Common sewers. 

t i. e. Contrarieties, whose nature it is to waste or dot 
itroy each other. X For libertinism. 

26* 



306 BEAUTIES OF SHAKSPEARE 

A FRIEND FORSAKEN. 

As we do turn our backs 
From our companion., thrown into his grave: 
So his familiars to his buried fortunes 
Slink all away; leave their false vows with him 
Like empty purses pick'd: and his poor self, 
A dedicated beggar to the air, 
With his disease of all-shunn'd poverty, 
Walks, like contempt, alone. 

ON GOLD. 

Earth, yield me roots! [Digging 

Who seeks for better of thee, sauce his palate 
With thy most operant poison! What is here? 
Gold? yellow, glittering, precious gold? No, goils, 
1 am no idle votarist.* Roots, you clear heavens! 
Thus much of this, will make black, white; foul, 

fair; 
Wrong, right; base, noble; old, young; coward, 

valiant. 
Ha, you gods! why this? What this, you gods? 

Why this 
W ill lug your priests and servants from your sides, 
Pluck stout men's pillows from below their heads: 
This yellow slave 

Will knit and break religions; bless the accurs'd; 
Make the hoar leprosy ador'd; place thieves 
And give them title, knee, and approbation. 
With senators on the bench: this is it, 
That makes the wappen'df widow wed again; 
She, whom the spital-house, and ulcerous sores 
Would cast the gorge at, this embalms and spices 
To the. April day again. + Come, damned earth, 
Thou common whore of mankind, that put'st odds 
Among the rout of nations, I will make thee 
Do thy right nature. 

* No insincere cr inconstant supplicant. Gold will not 
serve me instead of roots. 

t Sorrowful. 

t *. e. Gold restores her to all the sweetness and fresh. 
Dess of youth. 



TIMON OF ATHENS. 807 

TIMON TO ALCIBIADES. 

Go on, — here's gold, — go on; 
Be as a planetary plague, when Jove 
Will o'er some high-vic'd city hang his poison 
In the sick air: let not thy sword skip one: 
Pity not honour'd age for his white beard, 
He's an usurer: Strike me the counterfeit matron: 
It is her habit only that is honest, 
HerselPs a bawd: Let not the virgin's cheek 
Make soft thy trenchant* sword; for those milk paps, 
That through the window-bars bore at men's eyes, 
Are not within the leaf of pity writ, 
Set them down horrible traitors: Spare not the babe, 
Whose dimpled smiles from fools exhaust their mercy; 
Think it a bastard,f whom the oracle 
Hath doubtfully pronounc'd thy throat shall cut, 
And mince it sans remorse:]: Swear against objects;§ 
Put armour on thine ears, and on thine eyes; 
Whose proof nor yells of mothers, maids, nor babes. 
Nor sight of priests in holy vestments bleeding, 
Shall pierce a jot. There's gold to pay thy soldiers* 
Make large confusion; and, thy fury spent, 
Confounded be thyself! Speak not, be gone. 

TO THE COURTESANS. 

Consumption sow- 
In hollow bones of man; strike their sharp shins, 
And mar men's spurring. Crack the lawyer's voice, 
That he may never more false title plead, 
Nor sound his quilletsjj shrilly; hear the fiamen, 
That scolds against the quality of flesh, 
And not believes himself: down with the nose, 
Down with it flat; take the bridge quite away 
Of him, that his particular to foresee, 
Smells from the general weal: make curl'd-pate ruf 

fians bald; 
And let the unscar'd braggarts of the war 
Derive some pain from you. 

* Cutting. f An allusion to the tale of Cedipus 

t Without pity. 

§ i. e. Against objects of eharity and compassion. 

I! Subtiities. 



X08 BEAUTIES OF SHAKSPEARE. 

HIS REFLECTIONS ON THE EARTH. 

That nature, being sick of man's unkindness, 
Should yet be hungry! — Common mother, thou, 

[Digging 
Whose womb unmeasurable, and infinite breast,* 
Teems, and feeds all; whose self-same mettle, 
Whereof thy proud child, arrogant man, is puff'd, 
Engenders the black toad, and adder blue, 
The gilded newt, and eyeless venom'd wormt 
With all the abhorred births below crisp! heaven 
Whereon Hyperion's quickening fire doth shine; 
Yield him, who all thy human sons doth hate, 
From forth thy plenteous bosom one poor root! 
Ensear thy fertile and conceptious womb, 
Let it no more bring out ingrateful man! 
Go great with tigers, dragons, wolves, and bears: 
Teem with new monsters, whom thy upward face 
Hath to the marbled mansion all above 
Never presented! — O, a root, — Dear thanks! 
Dry up thy marrow, vines, and plough-torn leas; 
Whereof ingrateful man, with liquorish draughts, 
And morsels unctuous, greases his pure mind, 
That from it all consideration slips! 

HIS DISCOURSE WITH APEMANTDS. 

Apem. This is in thee a nature but affected. 
A poor unmanly melancholy, sprung 
From change of fortune. Why this spade? this 

place ? 
This slave-like habit? and these looks of care? 
Thy flatterers yet wear silk, drink wine, lie soft; 
Hug their diseas'd perfumes,§ and have forgot 
That ever Timon was. Shame not these woods, 
By putting on the cunning of a carper,|| 
Be thou a flatterer now, and seek to thrive 
By that which has undone thee, hinge thy knee, 
And let his breath, whomthou'lt observe, 

* Boundless surface. 

t The serpent called the blind worm. t Bent 

$ i. e. Their diseased perfumed mistresses. 

II t. e. Shame not these woods by finding fault. 



TIMON OF ATHENS. 309 

Blow off thy cap; praise his most vicious strain, 
And call it excellent: Thou wast told thus; 
Thou gav'st thine ears, like tapsters, that bid wel- 
come, 
To knaves, and all approachers; 'Tis most just, 
That thou turn rascal; hadst thou wealth again, 
Rascals should hav't. Do not assume my likeness. 
Tim. Were I like thee, I'd throw away myself. 
Jlpem. Thou hast cast away thyself, being like 
thyself; 
A madman so long, now a fool: What think'st 
That the bleak air, thy boisterous chamberlain, 
Will put thy shirt on warm? Will these moss'd 

trees, 
That have outliv'd the eagle, page thy heels, 
And skip when thou point'st out. Will the cold 

brook, 
Candied with ice, caudle thy morning taste, 
To cure thy o'ernight's surfeit? call the creatures, — 
Whose naked natures live in all the spite 
Of wreakful heaven; whose bare unhoused trunks, 
To the conflicting elements expos'd, 
Answer mere nature, — bid them flatter thee; 

O ! thou shalt find— 

* # # # # 

Tim. Thou art a slave, whom Fortune's tender 
arm 
With favour never clasp'd; but bred a dog. 
Hadst thou, like us, from our first swath,* proceeded 
The sweet degrees that this brief world affords 
To such as may the passive drugs of it 
Freely command, thou would'st have plung'd thy- 
self 
In general riot; melted down thy youth 
In different beds of lust; and never learn'd 
The icy precepts of respectf but follow'd 
The sugar'd game before thee. But myself, 
Who had the world as my confectionary; 

* From infancy. 

t The cold admonitions of cautious prudence. 



810 BEAUTIES OF SHAKSPEARE. 

The mouths, the tongues, the eyes, and hearts of 

men 
At duty, more than I could frame employment; 
That numberless upon me stuck, as leaves 
Do on the oak, have with one winter's brush 
Fell from their boughs, and left me open, bare 
For every storm that blows; — I, to bear this 
That never knew but better, is some burden: 
Thy nature did commence in sufferance, time 
Hath made thee hard in 5 t. Why shouldest thou 

hate men? 
They never flatter'd thee : What hast thou given 
If thou wilt curse — thy father, that poor ra<£, 
Must be thy subject; who, in spite, put stuft 
To some she beggar, and compounded thee 
Poor rogue hereditary. Hence! be gone! — 
If thou hadst not been born the worst of men 
Thou hadst been a knave, and flatterer. 

ON GOLD. 

O, thou sweet king-killer, and dear divorce 

[Looking on the Gold 
Twixt natural son and sire; Thou bright denier 
Of Hymen's purest bed! thou valiant Mars! 
Thou ever young, fresh, lov'd, and delicate wooer, 
vVhose blush doth thaw the consecrated snow 
That lies on Dian's lap! thou visible god, 
That solder'st close impossibilities, 
Vnd mak'st them kiss! that speak'st with every 

tongue, 
To every purpose; 0, thou touch* of hearts! 
Think, thy slave man rebels; and by thy virtue 
Set them into confounding odds, that beasts 
May have the world in empire! 

TIMON TO THE THIEVES. 

Why should you want? Behold the earth hath roots; 
Within this mile break forth a hundred springs: 
The oaks bear mast, the briars scarlet hips; 
The bounteous housewife, nature, on each bush 
Lays her full mess before you. Want? why want? 

* For touchstone. 



TIMON OF ATHENS. 311 

1 Thief. We cannot live on grass, on berries, 

water, 
As beasts, and birds, and fishes. 

Tim. Nor on the beasts themselves, the birds, and 

fishes; 
You must eat men. Yet thanks I must you con, 
That you are thieves profess'd; that you work not 
In holier shapes: for there is boundless theft 
In limited* professions. Rascal thieves, 
Here's gold: Go, suck the subtle blood of the grape, 
Till the high fever seeth your blood to froth, 
And so 'scape hanging: trust not the physician; 
His antidotes are poison, and he slays 
More than you rob: take wealth and lives together; 
Do, villany, do, since you profess to do't, 
Like workmen. I'll example you with thievery: 
The sun's a thief, and with his great attraction 
Robs the vast sea: the moon's an arrant thief, 
And her pale fire she snatches from the sun: 
The sea's a thief, whose liquid surge resolves 
The moon into salt tears: the earth's a thief, 
That feeds and breeds by a composturef stolen 
From general excrement: each thing's a thief; 
The laws, your curb and whip, in their rough power 
Have uncheck'd theft. Love not yourselves: away; 
Rob one another. There's more gold: Cutthroats; 
All that you meet are thieves: To Athens, go, 
Break open shops; nothing can you steal, 
But thieves do lose it. 

ON HIS HONEST STEWARD. 

Forgive my general and exceptless rashness, 
Perpetual sober gods! I do proclaim 
One honest man, — mistake me not, — but one: 
No more, I pray, — and he is a steward. — 
How fain would I have hated all mankind, 
And thou redeem'st thyself: But all, save thee, 
I fell with curses. 

Meihinksthou art more honest now, than wise, 
For, by oppressing and betraying me, 
Thou might'st have sooner got another service: 

* For legal t Compost manure. 



812 BEAUTIES OF SHAKSPEARE. 

For many so arrive at second masters, 
Upon their first lord's neck. 

ACT V. 

PROMISING AND PERFORMANCE. 

Promising is the very air o 5 the time: it opens the 
eyes of expectation: performance is ever the duller 
for his act; and, but in the plainer and simpler kind 
of people, the deed of*saying* is quite out of use 
To promise is most courtly and fashionable: perform 
ance is a kind of will or testament, which argues a 
great sickness in his judgment that makes it. 

WRONG AND INSOLENCE. 

Now breathless wrong 
Shall sit and pant in your great chairs of ease; 
And pursy insolence shall break his wind, 
With fear and horrid flight. 



TITUS ANDRONICUS. 



ACT I. 

MERCY. 

WILT thou draw near the nature of the gods? 
Draw near them then in being merciful: 
Sweet mercy is nobility's true badge. 

THANKS. 

Thanks, to men 
Of noble minds, is honourable meed. 



ACT II. 

INVITATION TO LOVE. 

The birds chant melody on every bush; 
The snake lies rolled in the cheerful sun; 
The green leaves quiver with the cooling wind, 
And make a chequer'd shadow on the ground; 
Under their sweet shade, Aaron, let us sit, 
And — whilst the babbling echo mocks the hounds, 

* The doing of that we said we would do. 



TITUS ANDRONICUS. 811 

Replying shrilly to the well-tun'd horns. 
As if a double hunt were heard at once, — 
Let us sit down, and mark their yelling noise: 
And, after conflict, such as was suppos'd 
The wandering prince of Dido once enjoy'd, 
When with a happy storm they were surpris'd, 
And curtain'd with a counsel-keeping cave, — 
We may, each wreathed in the other's arms, 
Our pastimes done, possess a golden slumber; 
While hounds, and horns, and sweet melodious birds, 
Be unto us, as is a nurse's song 
Of lullaby, to bring her babe asleep. 

DESCRIPTION OF A MELANCHOLY VALLEY. 

A barren detested vale, you see, it is: 
The trees, though summer, yet forlorn and lean, 
O'ercome with moss, and baleful misletoe. 
Here never shines the sun; here nothing breeds, 
Unless the nightly owl, or fatal raven. 
And, when they show'd me this abhorred pit, 
They told me, here, at dead time of the night, 
A thousand fiends, a thousand hissing snakes, 
Ten thousand swelling toads, as many urchins * 
Would make such fearful and confused cries, 
As any mortal body, hearing it, 
Should straight fall mad, or else die suddenly. 

DESCRIPTION OP A RING. 

Upon his bloody finger he doth wear 
A precious ring, that lightens all the hole, 
Which, like a taper in some monument, 
Doth shine upon the dead man's earthy cheeks, 
And shows the ragged entrails of this pit. 

LAVINA AT HER LUTE. 

Fair Philomela, she but lost her tongue, 
And in a tedious sampler sew'd her mind: 
But lovely niece, that mean is cut from thee: 
A. craftier Tereus hast thou met withal, 
\nd he hath cut those pretty fingers off, 
That could have better sew'd than Philoms. 
0- bad the monster seen those lily hands 

* Hedge- 

■21 



314 BEAUTIES OF SHAKSPEARE. 

Tremble, like aspen leaves, upon a lute, 

And make the silken strings delightto kiss them; 

He would not then have touch'd them for his life: 

Or had he heard the heavenly harmony, 

Which that sw^et tongue hath made, 

He would have dropp'd his knife, and fell asleep, 

As Cerberus, at the Thracian poet's* feet. 

ACT III. 

lavina's loss of her tongue described. 

0, that delightful engine of her thoughts, 
That blab'd them with such pleasing eloquence, 
Is torn from forth that pretty hollow cage: 
Where, like a sweet melodious bird, it sung 
Sweet varied notes, enchanting every ear! 
despair. 

For now I stand as one upon a rock. 
Environ'd with a wilderness of sea; 
Who marks the waxing tide grow wave by wave, 
Expecting ever when some envious surge 
Will, in his brinish bowels, swallow him. 

TEARS. 

When I did name her brothers, then fresh tears 
Stood on her cheeks; as doth the honey dew 
Upon a gather'd lily almost wither'd. 

CRUELTY TO INSECTS. 

Mar. Alas, my lord, I have but kill'd a fly. 

Tit. But how, if that fly had a father and mother 
How would he hang his slender gilded wings, 
And buz lamenting doings in the air! 
Poor harmless fly! 

That with his pretty buzzing melody, [him. 

Came here to make us merry; and thou hast kill'd 

REVENGE. 

Lo, by thy side where Rape, and Murder, stand 
Now give some 'sura nee that thou art Revenge, 
Stab them, nr tear them on thy chariot wheels; 
And then I'll come, and be thy wagoner, 
And whin along with thee about the globes. 
* Orpheus. 



TROILUS AND CRESSIDA. 315 

Provide the proper palfries, black as jet, 
To hale thy vengeful wagon swift away, 
And /ind out murderers in their guilty caves: 
And, when thy car is loaden with their heads, 
I will dismount, and by the wagon wheel 
Trot, like a servile footman, all day long; 
Even from Hyperion's rising in the east, 
Until his very downfall in the sea 

TROILUS AND CRESSIDA. 
ACT I. 

LOVE IN A BRAVE YOUNG SOLDIER* 

CALL here my varlet,* I'll unarm again: 
Why should I war without the walls of Troy, 
That find such cruel battle here within? 
Each Trojan, that is master of his heart, , 

Let him to field; Troilus, alas! hath none. 

# * # * 

The Greeks are strong and skilful to their strength 
Fierce to their skill, and to their fierceness valiant; 
But I am weaker then a woman's tear, 
Tamer than sheep, fonderj than ignorance; 
Less valiant than the virgin in the night, 
And skill-less as unpractis'd infancy. 

# # # # 

O Pandarus! I tell thee, Pandarus, — 
When I do tell thee, There my hopes lie drown'd, 
Reply not in how many fathoms deep 
They lie endrench'd. I tell thee, I am mad 
In Cressida's love : Thou answer'st, she is fair; 
Pour'st in the open ulcer of my heart 
Her eyes, her hair, her cheek, her gait, her voice; 
Handiest in thy discourse, O, that her hand, 
In whose comparison all whites are ink, 
Writing their own reproach; to whose soft seizure 
The cygnet's down is harsh, and spirit of sense 
Hard as the palm of ploughmen ! This thou telPst me, 

* A servant to a knight. t Weaker. 



316 BEAUTIES OF SHAKSPEARE. 

As true thou tell'st me, when I say — 1 love her; 
But, saying thus, instead of oil and balm, 
Thou lay'st in every gash that love hath given me 
The knife that made it. 

SUCCESS NOT EQ.UAL TO OUR HOPES. 

The ample proposition, that hope makes 
In all designs begun on earth below, 
Fails in the promis'd largeness: checks and disasters 
Grow in the veins of actions highest rear'd: 
As knots, by the conflux of meeting sap, 
Infect the sound pine, and divert his grain 
Tortive and errant* from his course of growth. 

ADVERSITY THE TRIAL OF MAN. 

Why then, you princes, 
Do you with cheeks abashed behold our works; 
And think them shames, which are, indeed, nought 

else, 
But the protractive trials of great Jove, 
To find persistive constancy in men? 
The fineness of which metal is not found 
In fortune's love; for, the bold and coward, 
The wise and fool, the artist and unread, 
The hard and soft, seem all afnn'df and kin: 
But, in the wind and tempest of her frown, 
Distinction, with a broad and powerful fan. 
Puffing at all, winnows the light away; 
And what hath mass, or matter, by itself 
Lies, rich in virtue, and unmingled. 

ON DEGREE. 

Take but degree away, untune that string, 
And hark, what discord follows! each thing meets 
In mere* oppugnancy: The bounded waters 
Should lift their bosoms higher than the shores, 
And make a sop of all this solid globe: 
Strength should be lord of imbecility, 
And the rude son should strike his father dead: 
Force should be right; or, rather, right and wrong 
(Between whose endless jar justice resides) 

* Twisted and rambling. t Joined by affinity. 

t Absolute. 



TROILUS AND CRESSIDA. 817 

Should lose their names, and so should justice too. 

Then every thing includes itself in power, 

Power into will, will into appetite; 

And appetite, an universal wolf. 

So doubtedly secondly with will and power, 

Must make perforce an universal prey, 

And, last, eat up himself. 

ACHILLES DESCRIEED BY ULYSSES. 

The great Achilles, — (whom opinion crowns) 
The sinew and the forehand of our host, — 
Having his ear full of his airy fame, 
Grows dainty of his worth, and in his tent 
Lies mocking our designs: With him, Patroclus, 
Upon a lazy bed the live-long day 
Breaks scurril jests; 

And with ridiculous and awkward action 
(Which, slanderer, he imitation calls,) 
He pageants* us. Sometime, great Agamemnon, 
Thy toplessf deputation he puts on; 
And, like a strutting player, — whose conceit 
Lies in his hamstring, and doth think it rich 
To hear the wooden dialogue and sound 
'Twixt his stretch'd footing and the scaffoldage,| — 
Such to-be-pitied and o'er-wrested§ seeming 
He acts thy greatness in: and when he speaks, 
'Tis like a chime a mending; with terms unsquair'd,!) 
Which from the tongue of roaring Typhon droppM, 
Would seem hyperboles. At this fusty stuff, 
The large Achilles, on his prest bed lolling, 
From his deep chest laughs out a loud applause; 
Cries — Excellent! — His Agamemnon just. — 
Now play me Nestor; — hem, and stroke thy beard. 
As he, being drest to some oration. 
That's done; — as near as the extremest ends 
Of parallels: as like as Vulcan and his wife: 
Yet good Achilles still cries, Excellent! 
' Tis Nestor right ! Now play him me, Patroclus, 
Arming to answer in a night alarm. 

* In modern language, takes us off. 

t Supreme. J The galleries of the theatre. 

§ Beyond the truth. || Unadapted 
27* 



318 BEAUTIES OF SIIAKSPEARE. 

And then, forsooth, the faint defects of age 
Must be the scene of mirth; to cough, and spit, 
And with a palsy-fumbling on his gorget, 
Shake in and out the rivet: — and at this sport, 
Sir Valour dies: cries, 0/ — enough, Patroclus, 
Or give me ribs of steel! I shall split all 
In pleasure of my spleen. x\nd in this fashion, 
All our abilities, gifts, natures, shapes, 
Severals and generals of grace exact, 
Achievements, plots, orders, preventions, 
Excitements to the field, or speech for truce, 
Success, or loss, what is, or is not, serves 
As stuff for these tAvo to make paradoxes. 

CONDUCT IN WAR SUPERIOR TO ACTION. 

The still and mental parts, — 
That do contrive how many hands shall strike, 
When fitness calls them on; and know, by measure, 
Of their observant toil, the enemies' weight, — 
Why, this hath not a finger's dignity: 
They call this — bed-work, mappery, closet-war 
So that the ram, that batters down the wall, 
For the great swing and rudeness of his poise^ 
They place before his hand that made the engine; 
Or those, that with the fineness of their souls 
By reason guide his execution. 

RESPECT. 

I ask, that I might waken reverence, 
And bid the cheek be ready with a blush 
Modest as morning when she coldly eyes 
The youthful Phoebus. 

ACT II. 

DOUET, 

The wound of peace is surdity, 
Surety secure; but modest doubt is calPd 
The beacon of the wise, the tent that searches 
To the bottom of the worst. 

PLEASURE AND REVENGE. 

For pleasure, and revenge, 
Have ears more deaf than adders to the voice 
Of any true decision. 



TROILUS AND CRESSIDA. 81D 

THE SUBTILTY OP ULYSSES, AND STUPIDITY OF AJAX. 

Ajar. I do hate a proud man, as I hate the engen 
ilering of toads. 

Nest. And jet he loves himself: Is it not strange! 

[Aside 

Ulyss. Achilles will not to the field to-morrow. 

Agam. What's his excuse? 

Ulyss. He doth rely on none; 

But carries on the stream of his dispose, 
Without observance or respect of any, 
In will peculiar and in self-admission. 

Agam. Why will he not, upon our fair request, 
Untent his person, and share the air with usr 

Ulyss. Things small as nothing, for request's sake 
only, 
He makes important: Possess'd he is with greatness 
And speaks not to himself but with a pride 
That quarrels at self-breath: imagin'd worth 
Holds in his blood such swollen and hot discourse, 
That, 'twixt his mental and his active parts, 
Kingdom'd Achilles in commotion rages, 
And batters down himself: What should I say? 
He is so plaguy proud, that the death tokens of it 
Cry— No recovery. 

Agam. Let Ajax go to him. 

Dear lord, go you and greet him in his tent: 
'Tis said, he holds you well; and will be led, 
At your request, a little from himself. 

Ulyss. O Agamemnon, let it not be so! 
We'll consecrate the steps that Ajax makes 
When they go from Achilles: Shall the proud lord. 
That bastes his arrogance with his own seam* 
And never suffers matter of the world 
Enter his thoughts, — save such as do revolve 
And ruminate himself— shall he be worshipp'd 
Of that we hold an idol more than he? 
No, this thrice worthy and right valiant lord 
Must not so stale his palm, nobly acquir'd; 
C\or. by my will as subjugate his merit, 

•Fat. 



320 BEAUTIES OF SHAKSPEARfi. 

As amply titled as Achilles is, 

By going to Achilles: 

That were to enlard his fat already pride; 

And add more coals to Cancer,* when he burns 

With entertaining great Hyperion. 

This lord go to him! Jupiter forbid; 

And say in thunder — Achilles, go to him. 

Nest. O, this is well; he rubs the vein of him. 

[Aside. 

Dio. And how his silence drinks up this applause! 

[Aside. 

Ajax. If I go to him, with my arm'd fist I'll pashf 
him 
Over the face. 

Agam. O, no, you shall not go. [pride. 

Ajax. An he be proud with me, I'll pheezej his 
Let me go to him. 

Ulyss. Not for the worth that hangs upon our 
quarrel. 

Ajax. A paltry, insolent fellow, 

Nest. How he describes 

Himself! [Aside. 

Ajax. Can he not be sociable? 

Ulyss. The raven 

Chides blackness. [Aside. 

Ajax. I will let his humours blood. 

Agam. He'll be physician, that should be the 
patient. [Aside. 

Ajax. An all men 
Where o' my mind, 

Ulyss. Wit would be out of fashion. 

[Aside. 

Ajax. He should not bear it so, 
He should eat swords first: Shall pride carry it? 

Nest. An -'cwould, you'd carry half. [Aside. 

* The sign in the Zodiac into which the jun enters 
June 21. 

" And Cancer reddens with the solar blaze." 

Thomson. 
t Strike. % Comb, or curry. 



TROILUS AND CRESSIDA. 321 

Ulyss. He'd have ten shares. 

[Aside. 

Ajax. I'll knead him, I will make him supple:— 

Nest. He's not yet thorough warm: force* him 

with praises: 

Pour in, pour in; his ambition is dry. [Aside. 

Ulyss. My lord, you feed too much on this dislike. 

[To Agamemnon. 
Nest. O noble general, do not do so. 
Dio. You must prepare to fight without Achilles. 
Ulyss. Why, 'tis this naming of him does him 
harm. 
Here is a man — But 'tis before his face; 
I will be silent. 

Nest. Wherefore should you so? 

He is not emulous,t as Achilles is. 

Ulyss. Know the whole world, he is as valiant. 
Ajax. A whoreson dog, that shall palter! tnus w ^ 
us! 
I would, he were a Trojan. 
Nest. What a vice 

Were it in Ajax now 

Ulyss. If he were proud? 

Dio. Or covetous of praise? 
Ulyss. Ay, or surly borne ? 

Dio. Or strange, or self-affected ? 
Ulyss. Thank the heavens, lord, thou art of sweet 
composure; 
Praise him that got thee, she that gave thee suck: 
Fam'd be thy tutor, and thy parts of nature 
Thrice fam'd beyond all erudition : 
But he that disciplin'd thy arms to fight, 
Let Mars divide eternity in twain, 
And give him half; and, for thy vigour 
Bull-bearing Milo his addition§ yield 
To sinewy Ajax. I will not praise thy wisdom 
Which, like a bourn, || a pale, a shore, confines 
Thy spacious and dilated parts: Here's Nestor,— 
Instructed by the antiquary times. 

* Stuff. t Envious. X Trifle. § Titles 

II Stream, rivulet. 



822 BEAUTIES OF SHAKSPEARE 

He must, he is, he cannot but be wise; — 
But pardon, father Nestor, were your days 
As green as Ajax', and your brain so temper'd, 
You should not have the eminence of him, 
But be as Ajax. 

Ajax. Shall I call you father ? 

J$Test. Ay, my good son. 

Dio. Be rul'd by him, lord Ajax. 

Ulyss. There is no tarrying here; the hart Achilles 
Keeps thicket. Please it our great general 
To call together all his state of war; 
Fresh kings are come to Troy; To-morrow, 
We must with all our main of power stand fast: 
And here's a lord, — come knights from east to west, 
And cull their flower, Ajax shall cope the best. 

Agam. Go we to council. Let Achilles sleep; 
Light boats sail swift, though greater hulks draw 
deep. 

ACT III. 

AN EXPECTING LOVER. 

No, Pandarus, I stalk about her door, 
Like a strange soul upon the Stygian banks, 
Staying for waftage. O, be thou my Charon, 
And give me swift transportance to those fields, 
Where I may wallow in the lily-buds 
Propos'd for the deserver ! O gentle Pandarus, 
From Cupid's shoulder pluck his painted wings, 
And fly with me to Cressid ! 

# * * # * 

I am giddy; expectation whirls me round. 
The imaginary relish is so sweet j 

That enchants my sense: What will it be, 
When that the wat'ry palate tastes indeed 
Love's thrice-reputed nectar? death, I fear me: 
Swooning destruction; or some joy too fine, 
Too subtle-potent, tun'd too sharp in sweetness, 
For the capacity of my ruder powers: 
I fear it much: and I do fear besides, 
That I shall lose distinction in my joys; 



TROILUS AND CRESSIDA. 328 

As doth a battle, when they charge on heaps 
The enemy flying. 

* * * • » 

Even such a passion doth embrace my bosom. 
My heart beats thicker than a feverous pulse; 
And all my powers do their bestowing lose, 
Like vassalage at unawares encount'ring 
The eye of majesty. 

CONSTANCY IN LOVE PROTESTED. 

Tro. True swains in love shall, in the world to 
come, 
Approve their truths by Troilus: when their rhymes, 
Full of protest, of oath, and big compare,* 
Want similes, truth tir'd with iteration. — 
As true as steel, as plantage to the moon, 
As sun to day, as turtle to her mate, 
As iron to adamant, as earth to the centre, — 
Yet, after all comparisons of truth, 
As truth's authentic author to be cited, 
As true as Troilus shall crown upf the verse, 
And sanctify the numbers. 

Cres. Prophet may you be ' 

If I be false, or swerve a hair from truth, 
When time is old and hath forgot itself, 
When waterdrops have worn the stones of Troy 
And blind oblivion svvallow'd cities up, 
And mighty states characterless are grated 
To dusty nothing; yet let memory, 
From false to false, among false maids in love, 
Upbraid my falsehood! when they have said — as 

false 
As air, as water, wind, or sandy earth, 
As fox to lamb, as wolf to heifer's calf, 
Pard to the hind, or stepdame to her son; 
Yea, let them say, to stick the heart of falsehood, 
As false as Cressid. 

PRIDE CURES PRIDE. 

Pride hath no other glass 
To show itself, but pride; for supple knees 
Feed arrogance, and are the proud man's feet. 

* Comparison. t Conclude it. 



324 BEAUTIES OF SHAKSPEARE. 

GREATNESS CONTEMPTIBLE WHEN ON THE DECLINE 

'Tis certain, greatness, once fallen out with for* 
tune, 
Must fall out with men too: What the declin'd is, 
He shall as soon read in the eyes of others. 
As feel in his own fall: for men, like butterflies, 
Show not their mealy wings but to the summer: 
And not a man, for being simply man. 
Hath any honour; but honour for those honours 
That are without him, as place, riches, favour, 
Prizes of accident as oft as merit: 
Which when they fall, as being slippery standers, 
The lore that lean'd on them as slippery too: 
Do one pluck down another, and together 
Die in the fall. 

HONOUR MUST BE ACTIVE TO PRESERVE ITS 
LUSTRE. 

Time hath, my lord, a wallet at his back, 
Wherein he puts alms for oblivion, 
A great-sized monster of ingratitudes: 
Those scraps are good deeds past: which are de 

vour'd 
As fast as they are made, forgot as soon 
As done: Preservance, dear my lord, 
Keeps honour bright: To have done, is to hang 
Quite out of fashion, like a rusty mail 
In monumental mockery. Take the instant way, 
For honour travels in a strait as narrow, 
Where one but goes abreast: keep then the path; 
For emulation hath a thousand sons, 
That, one by one pursue: If you give way, 
Or hedge aside from the direct forthright, 
Like to an enter'd tide, they all rush by, 
And leave you hindmost:— 
Or, like a gallant horse fallen in first rank, 
Lie there for pavement to the abject rear, [present, 
O'er-run and trampled on: Then what they do in 
Though less then yours in past, must o'ertop yours: 
For time is like a fashionable host, 
That slightly shakes his parting guest by the hand, 



TROILUS AND CRESSIDA. 325 

And with his arms out-stretch'd, as he would fly, 

Grasps-in the comer. Welcome ever smiles, 

And farewell goes out sighing. O, let not virtue seek 

Remuneration for the thing it was; 

For beauty, wit, 

High birth, vigour of bone, desert in service, 

Love, friend' hip, charity, are subjects all 

To envious and calumniating time. 

One touch of nature makes the whole world kin, — 

That all with one consent, praise new-born gawds,* 

Though they are made and moulded of things past, 

And give to dust, that is a little gilt, 

More laud than gilt o'er-dusted. 

The present eye praises the present object. 

LOVE SHOOK OFF Bf A SOLDIER. 

Sweet, rouse yourself: and the weak wanton Cupid 
Shall from your neck unloose his amorous fold, 
And, like a dew-drop from the lion's mane, 
Be shook to air. 

THERSITES MIMICKING AJAX. 

Ther. A wonder! 

Jlchil. What? [himself. 

Ther. Ajax goes up and down the field, asking for 

Jlchil. How so ? 

Ther. He must fight singly to-morrow with Hec- 
tor: and is so prophetically proud of an heroical 
cudgelling, that he raves in saying nothing. 

Jlchil. How can that be? 

Ther. Why, he stalks up and down like a peacock, 
a stride, and a stand: ruminates, like a hostess, that 
hath no arithmetic but her brain to set down her 
reckoning: bites las lip with a politic regard, as who 
should say — there were wit in this head, an 'tvould 
out; and so there is; but it lies as coldly in him as 
fire in a flint, which will not show without knocking. 
The man's undone for ever; for if Hector break not 
his neck i' the combat, he'll break it himself in vain- 
glory. He knows not me; I said, Good-morrow, 
Ajax; and he replies, Thanks, Agamemnon. What 

* New-fashioned toys. 
28 



326 BEAUTIES OF SHAKSPEARE. 

think you of this man, that takes me for the general; 
He is grown a very land-fish, languageless, a mon- 
ster. A plague of opinion ! a man may wear it on 
both sides, like a leather jerkin. 

Achil. Thou must be my ambassador to him, 
Thersites. 

Ther. Who, I? why, he'll answer nobody; he pro- 
fesses not answering; speaking is for beggars; he 
wears his tongue in his arms. I will put on his pres- 
ence; let Patroelus make demands to me, you shall 
see the pageant of Ajax. 

Achil. To him, Patroelus: Tell him, — I humbly 
desire the valiant Ajax, to invite the most valorous 
Hector to come unarmed to my tent; and to procure 
safe conduct for his person, of the magnanimous, and 
most illustrious, six-or-seven-times-honoured captain 
general of the Grecian army, Agamemnon. Do this. 

Patr. Jove bless great Ajax. 

Ther. Humph! 

Patr. I come from the worthy Achilles,— — 

Ther. Ha! 

Patr. Who most humbly desires you to invite 
Hector to his tent ! 

Ther. Humph! 

Patr. And to procure safe conduct from Agamem- 
non. 

Ther. Agamemnon? 

Patr. Ay, my lord. 

Ther. Ha! 

Patr. What say you to't? 

Ther. God be wi' you, with all my heart. 

Patr. Your answer, sir. 

Ther. If to-morrow be a fair day, by eleven 
o'clock it will go one way or other; however he shall 
pay for me ere he has me. 

Patr. Your answer, sir. 

Ther. Fare you well, with all my heart. 

Achil. Why, but he is not in this tune, is he? 

Ther. No, but he's out o' tune thus. What music 
will be in hira when Hector has knocked out hi9 



TROILUS AND CRESSIDA. 327 

brains, I know not: But, I am sure, none; unless the 

fiddler Apollo get nis sinews to make catlings* on. 

Achil. Come, thou shalt bear a letter to him 

straight. 
Ther. Let me bear another to his horse; for that's 
the more capablef creature. 

Achil. My mind is troubled like a fountain stirr'd 
And I myself see not the bottom of it. 

[Exeunt Achilles and Patroclus. 
Ther. 'Would the fountain of your mind were 
clear again, that I might water an ass at it! I had 
rather be a tick in a sheep, than such a valiant igno- 
rance. 

ACT IV. 

LOVERS PARTING IN THE MORNING. 

Tro. O Cressida! but that the busy day, 
Wak'd by the lark, hath rous'd the ribald;}: crows, 
And dreaming night will hide our joys no longer, 
I would not from thee. 

Ores. Night hath been too brief. 

Tro. Beshrew the witch ! with venomous wights 
she stays, 
As tediously as hell: but flies the grasps of love, 
With wings more momentary swift than thought. 
a lover's farewell. 

Injurious time now, with a robber's haste, 
Crams his rich thievery up, he knows not how: 
As many farewells as be stars in heaven, 
With distinct breath, and consign'd§ kisses to them! 
He fumbles up into a loose adieu; 
And scants us with a single famish'd kiss: 
Distasted with the salt of broken || tears. 

TROILUS'S CHARACTER OF THE GRECIAN YOUTH1 

The Grecian youths are full of quality;1T 

* Lute-strings made of Catgut. 
t Intelligent. $ Lewd, noisy. 

§ Sealed. II Interrupted. 

IT Highly accomplished. 



328 BEAUTIES OF SHAKSPEARE. 

They're loving, well compos'd, with gifts of nature 

flowing, 
And swelling o'er with arts and exercise; 
How novelty may move, and parts with person, 
Alas, a kind of godly jealousy 
(Which I beseech you, call a virtuous sin,) 
Makes me afeard. 

A TRUMPETER. 

Now crack thy lungs, and split thy brazen pipe: 
Blow, villain, till thy sphered bias cheek 
Out-swell the colic of puff'd Aquilon: 
Come, stretch thy chest, and let thy eyes spout blood 
Thou blow'st for Hector. 

DIOMEDES' MANNER OF WALKING. 

'Tis he, I ken the manner of his gait; 
He rises on the toe: that spirit of his 
[n aspiration lifts him from the earth. 

DESCRIPTION OF CRESSIDA. 

There's language in her eye, her cheek, her lip, 
Nay, her foot speaks: her wanton spirits look out 
At every joint and motive* of her body. 
O, these encounterers, so glib of tongue, 
That give a coasting welcome ere it comes, 
And wide unclasp the tables of their thoughts 
To every ticklish reader ! set them down 
For sluttish spoils of opportunity, 
And daughters of the game. 

CHARACTER OF TROILITS. 

The youngest son of Priam, a true knight; 
Not yet mature yet matchless: firm of word; 
Speaking in deeds, and deedlessf in his tongue; 
Not soon provok'd, nor, being provok'd soon calm'd 
His heart and hand both open, and both free; 
For what he has, he gives, what thinks, he shows; 
Yet gives he not till judgment guide his bounty, 
Nor dignifies an impair;}: thought with breath 
Manly as Hector, but more dangerous: 
For Hector, in his blaze of wrath, subscribes§ 

* Motion. t No boaster. 

t Unsuitable to hi* character § Yields, gives way. 



TROILUS AND CRESSIDA. 329 

To tender objects; but he, in heat of action. 
Is more vindicative than jealous love. 

HECTOR IN BATTLE. 

I have, thou gallant Trojan, seen thee oft, 
Labouring for destiny, make cruel way, [thee. 

Through ranks of Greekish youth: and I have seen 
As hot as Perseus, spur thy Phrygian steed, 
Despising many forfeits and subduements, 
When thou hast hung thy advanced sword i' the air, 
Not letting it decline on the dcclin'd;* 
That I have said to some my standers-by, 
Lo, Jupiter is yonder, dealing life! 
And I have seen thee pause, and take thy breath, 
When that a ring of Greeks have hemm'd thee in, 
Like an Olympian wrestling. 

ACHILLES SURVEYING HECTOR. 

Tell me, you heavens, in which part of his body 
Shall I destroy him? whether there, there, or there ' 
That I may give the local wound a name; 
And make distinct the very breach whereout 
Hector's great spirit flew: Answer me, heavens! 

ACT V. 

RASH VOWS. 

The gods are deaf to hot and peevish f vows, 
They are polluted offerings, more abhorr'd 
Than spotted livers in the sacrifice. 

HONOUR MORE DEAR THAN LIFE. 

Mine honour keeps the weather of my fate: 
Life every man holds dear; but the dear man 
Holds honour far more precious-dear! than life. 

PITY TO BE DISCARDED IN WAR. 

For the love of all the gods, 
Let's leave the hermit pity with our mother; 
And when we have our armouri buckled on, 
The venom'd vengeance ride upon our sword*. 

» Fallen. t Foolish, 

t Valuable. 



INDEX 

TO THE 

BEAUTIES OF SHAKSPEARB. 



A CHILLES described by Ulysses ... 317 

surveying Hector - - - 329 

Action, the power of ------ 85 

to be carried on with resolution - - - 16 L 

Adversity, advantages of ----- 15 

the trial of man ----- 316 

Advice ---. 9 

to a son going on his travels - - - - 206 

Affectation in words ------ 48 

Affection, natural, allied to love - 77 

Age, old 25, 212 

despised 272 

&ges, the seven, a description of 19 

Allegiance, firm, described ----- 164 

Ambition jealous of a too successful friend - 174 

clothed in specious humility - 230 

Ambitious love -.--.-_ 9 

Anarchy, the mischiefs of ----- 183 

Anger described ------- 160 

external effects of ----- 164 

Antony, Mark, his vices and virtues ... 170 
his speech to Cleopatra at his return with 

victory - 176 

his despondency ... - ib 

his reflections on his faded glory - 17 

his address to the corpse of Cesar - 232 

his speech to the conspirators - - 233 

funeral oration of - 234 

his character of Brutus ... 243 

Aposiopesis, a fine one ------ 70 

Appearances, false, described ----- 133 

Applause, description of ----- 166 

Ariel, songs of 69, 77 

Army, routed, description of one - - - . 202 

Arthur, pathetic speeches of, to Hubert ... 102 

Assignat on ------- 52 

Astrology ridiculed ------ 244 

Aufidius, his hatred to Coriolanus .... 181 



332 INDEX. 

Authority, abuse of------- 33 

the privilege of - 34 
Bargains, punctuality in ----- - 118 

Bastardy 243 

Bawd, the practices of one condemned - 38 

Beauty - - - 14, 26 

a scornful and satirical one - 60 

petitioning in vain ------ 84 

description of a - - - - - - 288 

Bedlam Beggars ------- 246 

Bees, the commonwealth of, described - 132 

Benedict, the bachelor's recantation - - - 59 

Birth, high 154 

Boaster "."" 97 

Bolingbroke's public entry into London described - 111 

Boy, description of a beautiful one - 78 

Braggart 199 

a cowardly one ------ 13 

Braggarts, talking ------- 62 

Bribery, honest ------- 34 

Brutus and Cassius, tent scene between - - - 238 

the parting of 242 

Buckingham, Duke of, his prayer for the king - - 161 

Caliban, curses of------- 68, 70 

his exultation after having attempted the 

chastity of Miranda - 68 

his promises ------ 70 

Calumny -------- 215 

Cassius, his contempt for Cesar - - - - 229 

Ceremony insincere ------ 237 

Cesar, his dislike of Cassius ----- 229 

Chastity 13, 188 

Cheerfulness -------- 40 

Christmas-time, reverence paid to 204 

Churchman, description of one ----- 168 

Clarence's dream in the tower - 154 

Cleopatra, her solicitude in the absence of Antony - 172 

her sailing down the Cydnus described - lb. 

her infinite power of pleasing - 173 

her supposed death, description of - - 177 

her reflections on the death of Antony - lb. 

her dream and description of Antony - 178 

her speech on applying the asp - - 179 

Cominius, his praise of Coriolanus in the senate - 182 

Compassion and clemency superior to revenge - - 75 

Conduct in war superior to action - 318 

Conscience - - - - - - - - 160 

guilty 74 

the death -bed horrors of a • • 145 



INDEX. 333 

Conscience, a good one described - - - 144 

the struggles of - - - - 103 

a murderer's account of - - - 156 

Consideration - 131 

Consolation under banishment - 107 

Conspiracy, horrors of .... 39 

dreadful till executed ... 230 

Brutus's apostrophe to - - - ib. 

Contemplation, zealous, described - 157 

Content, perfect - 276 

Contention ------ 123 

Continence before marriage - 74 

Cordelia, her speech on the ingratitude of her sisters 253 

Coriolanus, an imaginary description of his warring 181 

character of 184 

his abhorrence of flattery - - ib. 

his detestation of the vulgar - - 185 

his prayer for his son - 188 

Counsel of no weight in misery ... 62 

Countenance, a guilty one described - - 143 

Country, an oppressed one - 269 

Courage _..... 96 

in youth - 14 

Courtezans, Timon's reflections on - - 307 

Courtier, noble, character of a - - - 10 

a conceited one - 26 

finical, description of one by Hotspur - 115 

Cowardice ------ 10 

and perjury - - - 99 
Cranmer, archbishop, his prophecy respecting 

Queen Elizabeth .... 168 

Cressida, description of her - 328 

Crown, reflections on a - - - - 126 

the transports of a - - - - 146 

Cruelty, dissuasions from exercising - - 231 

Cupid's parentage ----- 22 

Customs, new ones followed - - - - 161 

Danger - - - - 116, 232 

escape from ----- 78 

takes hold of any support - - - 102 

Day -break 56, 64, 159 

Death 179, 203 

temporal, far better than eternal 

terrors of - 38 

most in apprehension - - 37 

apostrophe to - 100 

approach of - - - - 106 

arguments against the fear of - 232 

Deceit in a fine woman - - - 156 



384 



INDEX. 



Deed, a good one compared to a candle 

Defamation - 

Degree, reflections on - 

Delay, against - 

Delights, violent ones not lasting 

Departing diseases, strength uf 

Dependents not to be too much trusted o» B 

Desdemona, her fidelity 

Desire of beloved objects heightened by >.rk.. 

Despair, description of 

Despondency - 

Determined love ... 

Dew in flowers ... 

Diomedes, his manner of walking 

Dirge, a funeral one - 

Disguise - 

Dissimulation ... 

Doubt, description of - 

Dover cliff, description of - 

Dreams, reflections on - 

Drums - 

Drunkards enchanted by Ariel 

Duelling, arguments against 

Duty, modest, always acceptable 

virtuous, the power of 

doing of it merits no praise 
Dying with the person beloved preferable to parting 
Edgar, his account of discovering himself to ' 
Eloquence and beauty 
England, description of 

invincible if unanimous 
pathetically described 
apostrophe to 
English curiosity, satire on - 
army described 

miserable state of 
Envy ----- 
Evening, a fine one - 
Evils, the remedy of them generally in ourselves 
Expedition, what - 

Eyes, women's ... 

Fairy jealousy, and its effects 

bank described 

courtesies - 

Fairies and magic - 
Falstaff's catechism - - - 

Father, authority of one 

lamenting his daughter's infamy 
fondness of one for his child 



109 ; 



50 

23 

316 

13 

294 

102 

161 

284 

62 

105 

101 

78 

56 

328 

201 

78 

61 

318 

252 

287 

106 

75 

304 

57 

34 

181 

145 

255 

31 

96 

106 

108 

133 

70 

96 

140 

232 

159 

10 

158 

29 

53 

55 

ib. 

76 

121 

51 

61 

87 



INDEX. 

Father, passion of one on the murder of a favourite 
child - 

the best guest at his son's nuptials 

anger of one 

the curse of one on his child 
Faults of others nojustification of our own 
favourites compared to honeysuckles 
Female friendship ... 
^males, cautions to young ones 
Ferdinand, his swimming ashore described 

and Miranda, interesting scene between 
Filial ingratitude - 

Flattery, and an even-minded man 
Fleet setting sail, description of 
Fool, description of one, and his moralizing on time 

his liberty of speech 
Fool -hardiness ... 

Forgiveness, mutual, the duty of 
Fornication equal to murder 
Fortitude, true ... 

Fortune - 

forms our judgments 
Fortune-teller, description of a beggarly c 
Friend, a forsaken one 
Friends, parting of - 
Friendship in love - 
martial - 
Friendships, common 
Frost .... 

Fury expels fear - 

Garden scene in Romeo and Juliet 
Garland for old men ... 

for middle aged men 

for young men 
Gentleman, an accomplished young one 
Ghost, description of one appearing in a dream 
Ghosts vanish at the crowing of a cock 
Glory described ... 

Gloster, duke of, his deformity 

his dissimulation 

Dutchess of, her remonstrance to her 
husband when doing penance 

Earl of, his farewell to the world 



885 



God, goodness of, ever to be remembe 
Gods, justice of the 
Gold, reflections on - 
effects of - 

Governor, a severe one 
Gratitude in an old servant 



ed 



143 

252 

143 

255 

126,306 

310 

81 

16 



836 INDEX. 

Gravity, affected .... - 41 

assumed ... 43 

Greatness subject to censure ... 39 

the cares of - - 156 

when falling described - 164 

departing - 176 

contemptible when on the decline - 324 

Grief 99,109 

tokens of ----- 98 

real 204 

immoderate discommended - ib. 

Griefs, the greater ones destroy the less - - 124 

Hamlet his soliloquy on his mother's marriage - 205 
his speech on the appearance of his father's ghost, 

and the mischiefs it might tempt him to 107 

and the ghost, scene between - - 108 

his mad address, described by Ophelia - 211 

his reflections on the player and himself - 213 

his soliloquy on life and death - - 214 

his instructions to the players - - 216 

his reflections on the king - 218 

conference between him and his mother - 220 

his irresolution - 224 

his reflections on Yorick's scull - - 226 

Happiness consists in opinion ... 212 

Hatred, remorseless ----- 144 

Health, a - 227 

Hector, description of him in battle - - 329 

Henry IV. his character of Percy and prince Henry 114 

his pathetic address to his son - - 118 

Henry Prince, soliloquy of - - - 114 

modest challenge of - - 121 

modest defence of himself - - 119 

his pathetic speech on the death of 

Hotspur - 122 

and his father, scene between - 127 

V. character of, by his father - - 126 

by the constable of France - 134 

perfections of 131 

his speech before the battle of Agincourt 140 

VI. on his own lenity - 150 
VIII. his character of Queen Katharine - 163 

Honour __..-- 116 
due to personal virtue only, and not to birth 

a maid's ----- 12 

to be conferred on merit only 44 

and policy - - - 184 

must be active to preserve its lustre 324 



INDEX. 



837 



Honour more dear than life 
Hope - 

deceitful - 
Horror, its outward effects described 

Hounds - 

Hunting •- 

Hypocrisy - 

in a governor 
Hypocrite, the character of an arch one 
I ago, his dispraise of honesty 
Jealousy - - - - 

a woman's, more deadly than poison 
definition of - 
Jest and Jester ... 

Jester - 

Jew, malice of the - 
expostulation of the 
his commands to his daughter 
his revenge ... 

Imagination, the power of - 
Imogen, her bedchamber, scene of 
in boy's clothes 
awaking - ■ - 

Infant, exposing of one 
Infidelity in a friend - 
Infirmity, the faults of, pardonable 
Ingratitude, a song - 

of false friends 
miserable shifts of 
Inhumanity described 
Inconstancy in man - 
Innccence - 

discovered by the oountenance 
youthful - 
silent, its eloquence 
harmless . - - 

Insects, cruelty to - 
Joy, an usurping substitute compared to it 

changed to sorrow 
Juliet, resolution of - - - 

her soliloquy on drinking the opiate 
Katharine, Queen, her speech to her husband 

her speech to Cardinal Wolsey 
on her own merit 
compared to a lily 
Kent, county of, described - - 

King, in Hamlet, his despairing soliloquy 
Kings, evil purposes of, too servilely executed 
29 



273 
24,87 

24 

278 

29 

80 

42 

ib. 

43 

45 

57 

191 

198 

202 



INDEX. 



Kings, misery of 


. 


. 


110 


divinity of 


- 


• 


225 


Labour - 


. 


. 


193 


Lady a complete one 


■ 


. 


97 


Lavina at her lute 


- 


. 


313 


the loss of her tongue described 


. 


314 


Lear, on the ingratitude of his daughters 


- 


247 


his distress in the storm 


- 


• 


ib 


his exclamations in the tempest 


. 


248 


his distraction described 


- 


. 


251 


his description of his flatterers 




. 


232 


and Cordelia, scene between 


- 


. 


253 


his speech to Cordelia when taken prisoner 


L55 


on the death of Cordelia 


- 


. 


256 


dying 


. 


. 


257 


Liberty indulged, the consequence of it 


• 


31 


spirit of it - 


- 


- 


229 


Life chequerea 


• 


. 


13 


reflections on the vanity of 


- 


. 


36 


recluse, described 


. 


. 


51 


demands action 


. 


. 


122 


the vicissitudes of it 


. 


. 


165 


loathed 


. 


. 


176 


and death, soliloquy on 


. 


. 


214 


necessaries of it few 


. 


. 


247 


reflections on - 


. 


. 


273 


Lightness of foot 


. 


. 


75 


Lion, a hungry one described 


. 


. 


147 


Loquacity 


. 




41 


Love ... 


. 


28,52 


286 


humorous description of it 


. 


. 


27 


the power of - 


- 


- 


28 


in a grave severe governor 


- 


- 


35 


messenger, compared to an April day 


• 


45 


true, ever crossed 


. 


. 


52 


in idleness 


t 


. 


54 


true ... 


. 


. 


79 


concealed 


. 


. 


80 


unsought 


. 


. 


xb. 


commended and censured 


. 


- 


81 


forward and dissembling- 


. 


- 


ib. 


compared to an April day 


- 


- 


ib. 


a wax^n image 


• 


• ■ 


82 


contempt of it punished 


. 


- 


ib. 


increased by attempts to suppress it 


. 


83 


compared to a figure on ice 


- 


- 


84 


unre turned 


. 


. 


85 


cemented by prosperity, but loosened by adversity 


98 



INDEX. 



839 



^ove, ihe nobleness of life - 


170 


sole motive of Othello's marrying 


274 


heralds of - 


294 


invitation to 


312 


in a brave young soldier - 


315 


constancy in, protested - 


323 


shook off by a soldier - 


325 


Lover, a description of one 


17,20 


a successful one compared to a conqueror 


47 


his thougnts compared to the inarticulate joyt 




of a crowd - 


ib. 


speech of one - 


69 


protestations of one - 


74 


his banishment - 


83 


a faithful and constant one 


ib. 


description of one in solitude 


85 


exclamation of one - 


276 


his computation of time 


280 


an expecting one described 


321 


the parting of one - 


331 


Lowers parting - 


145 


unsettled humours of - 


297 


light of foot - 


294 


impatience of - 


ib. 


their reluctance to part 


296 


parting in the morning 


327 


Loyalty, - 


115 


Macbeth, his temper - 


257 


his irresolution - 


258 


his guilty conscience and fears of Banquo 


263 


Lady, her soliloquy on the news of Duncai 


l»8 


approach - 


258 


murdering scene in - - 


259 


Macduff, his behaviour on the murder of his wife anc 


1 


children - 


269 


Madness occasioned by poison 


106 


Maidens, their prayers effectual 


3 


Malcolm, his character of himself 


268 


Malicious men described ... 


168 


Man, description of a merry one 


26 


in love humorous description of 


31 


three things in him disliked by females 


84 


in tears - • 


105 


reflections on - 


212 


Man's pre-eminence - 


23 


Margaret, Queen, her speech before the battle of 




Tewkesbury - • - « 


151 



340 



INDEX. 



Margaret, Queen, hor execrations on Richard HI. 

her exprobation in a soliloquy 
Marriage described 
Master taking leave of his servants 
Mediocrity ... 
Melancholy 

the varieties of 
the parent of error 
Men all frail - 
wilful - 
Mercy _.-""- 

frequently mistaken 
commended in governors 
Merit always modest 
Messenger, post, described - 

with ill news 
Midnight - 

Mind, lowliness of the 

the, alone valuable 
a disordered one 
its diseases incurable 
Mirth and melancholy 
Mob ..-- 

no stability in one 
Modesty in youth 
Moon - 

Moonlight - 
night 
Morning, description of 
dawn of - 
Mother, fondness of one for a beautiful child 
ravings of one - - - 

grief of one for the loss of her son 
Murder of the two young princes in the Tower 

scription of 
Murderer, countenance of one 
Muse invocation to - 
Music - - 
Nature, the force of - 

and art 
Newsbearer - 
Night, description of - 
Night in a camp described 
Obedience to princes 
Octavia's entrance, what it should have been 
Offences mistaken - 

Oliver, his description of danger when sleeping 
Ophelia, description of her death 



123 

ib. 

218 

36 

65 

215 

272 

40 

180 

140 

14 

52 

50 

51 

148, 214 



157 

103 

131 

46, 50 

196 

90 

104 

58, 146 

135 

164 

174 

246 



228 



INDEX. 



341 



Ophelia, her interment - 

Opportunity to be seized on all occasions of life 
Ornament, or appearances, the deceit of 
Othello, his description to the Senate of his winning 
the affections of Desdemona 
his first suspicion - 
his jealousy gaining ground 
his story of the handkerchief 
his distraction - 

his fondness - 

his confirmed jealousy 
his pathetic upbraidings of Desdemona 
his irresolution to murder Desdemona 
his confusion after the murder 
his love - 

his remorse - 

his speech before his death - 
Painting - 

to what compared 
Pardon, the sanction of wickedness 

despair of - 
Passion, real, dissembled 

too strong for vows 
a rising one described 
Pastors, ungracious, satires on 
Patience easier taught than practised 

and sorrow - 
Patriotism . - 

Peace inspires love - 
after a civil war 
after a siege - 
People, Brutus's speech to the 
Percy, Lady, her pathetic speech to her husband 
Perfection admits of no addition 
human, the extent of 
Person, description of a murdered one 
Petition, a tender one 
Philosophy, a shepherd's 
Pity to be discarded in war - 
Play-fellows - - 

Pleasure, the vanity of 
and revenge 
of doing good 
Poetry, the power of, with femalM - 
Popular favour, method to gain 
Popularity described 
Portia, her suitors 

her picture - 
29* 



312 INDEX 

Portia, her speech to Brutus - •• 231 

Possession more languid than expectation 43 

Power, vanity of, and misery of kings - - 110 

abuse of 252 

Precepts against ill fortune - 185 

Preferment - - 273 

Presents prevail with women - 83 

lightly regarded by real lovers 92 

Pride cures pride - 323 

Prodigies -_---- 203 

ridiculed ----- 117 

Promise and performance, difference between - 312 

Prospero's reproof of Ariel - - - - 67 

Providence directs our actions ... 227 

the justice of - - - - 251 

Puck 53 

Q,uickly, Dame, her account of Falstaff's death, - 133 

Regicides detestable ----- 87 

Relenting tenderness ----- 187 

Repentance ------ 86 

Reputation ------ 107 

Resentment, silent, the deepest - - - 143 

Resolution ------ 62 

from a sense of honour - - - 37 

firm ----- 179 

obstinate ----- 187 

Respect described ----- 318 

Revenge ------ 233 

the Jew's implacable - - - 48 

the Jew's reason for ib. 

Rhymers, miserable ones ridiculed - - - 117 

Richard III. omens on the birth of - - 152 

his soliloquy on his own deformity - ib 

his love for Lady Anne - 153 

his praise of his own person - - ib. 

his hypocrisy - - - - 154 

character of, by his mother - - 159 

starting in his dream - 160 

his behaviour after an alarum - - ib. 

his address before the battle - - ib. 

Ring, description of one - - - 313 

Rising early the way to eminence - - - 176 

Romeo, on his banishment - 294 

his description of, and discourse with the 

apothecary ----- 299 

his conduct with Paris ■ > - 801 

his last speech over Juliet in the tomb • 273 

Rosalind proposing to wear men's clothes - - 14 



INDEX. 



843 



Royalty, miseries of - 


. 


138 


inborn 


• 


199 


Rumour described 


. 


122 


Satire, apology for 


• 


18 


Say, Lord, his apology for himself 


. 


146 


Scene of a banquet 


. 


264 


Scene of Lady Macbeth in her sleep 


271 


Season, nothing good out of - 


. 


51 


Seducers, custom of - 


- 


12 


Self-accusation of too great love 


. 


11 


Self-denial, a conquest 


. 


25 


Self-interest, powerful effects of 


- 


97 


Senses returning 


- 


76 


fchepherd, character of an honest and simple one 


20 


Shepherd's life, the blessings of one 


- 


148 


Simplicity and duty 


- 


57 


rur al 


- 


93 


Slander - 


. 


- 24, 197 


Sleep - 


. 


- 69, 231 


sound - 


. 


39 


apostrophe to - 


. 


125 


Solicitation, the season of 


. 


187 


Soliloquy in prison 


- 


112 


Solitude preferred to a court life 


- 


15 


Song • 


- 


-, 28,79 


a beautiful one - 


. 


39 


character of an old one - 


. 


79 


Sonnet ... 


. 


27 


Sorrow, effects of it - 


o 


156 


Sorrows rarely single - 


. 


225 


Speculation more easy than practice 


- 


41 


Spirit, a warlike one described 


. 


132 


Spring, a song 


- 


29 


Station, a low one, the blessings of life 


148 


Statue described 


. 


94 


Steward, a faithful one 


. 


302 


Stories, melancholy ones described 


. 


111 


Storm, Ariel's description and management of on< 


» - 67 


Study ---- 


- 


25 


Submission to heaven our duty 


. 


157 


Success not equal to our hopes 


. 


316 


Sun rising after a dark night - 


. 


110 


Sycophants, flattering ones 


• 


252 


Tears, to what compared 


- 


314 


Thanks - 


• 


312 


Thersites mimicking Ajax 


. 


325 


Thoughts ineffectual to moder ais affliction • 


108 


ambitious, a smile c a 


■ 


149 



344 



INDEX 



Time ------ 

Timon, his execration of the Athenians 
his speech to Alcibiades 
his reflections on the earth 
his discourse with Apemantus 
his speech to the thieves 
his character of an honest steward - 
Titles, new ones - 

Travelling, advantage of 
Troilus, character of - 
Trust in man, vanity of 
Trumpeter, description of one 
Valley, description of a melancholy one 
Virtue and goodness - 
Vanity of human nature - 

wishes - 

Vicious persons infatuated by heaven 
Victory by the French, description of 

English - 

Villain to be noted - - - - 

his look and r«».ady zeal 
Violets - 

Virtue given to be exerted - 
Ulysses, the subtilty of him, and stupidity of Ajax 
fjrikindness described - 

Volumnia's resolution on the pride of Coriolanus 
pathetic speech to her son Coriolanus 
Vows, rash ones, condemned - 
Vulgar, fickleness of the - 

Wai, prognostics of - - - - 

miseries of 
Warrior, a gallant one - 

Warwick, earl of, his dying speech - 
Wedding, a mad one described 
Widcw compared to a turtle - 
Wife, duty of one to her hus.Sand 
song of one to her husband 
description of a good one 
impatience of one to met*, her husband 
innocency of one - 

Winter, a song - 

Wisdom superior to fortune - - - 

Witches described - 
power of - 
Wolsey, Cardinal, his speech to Cromwell - 
an account of his t'sath - 
his vices and virtues described 
Woman, he* tongu* - 



58 
305 
307 

SOS 

ib. 

310 
311 

95 

81 
33S 
157 
328 
313 

3S 

J, 74 

173 

176 

97 

ib. 

64 
101 
112 

SO 
323 
249 
186 
190 
329 
124 
109 
141 
120 
151 

65 

94 

66 
118 
162 
195 
199 

30 
176 
260 
280 
166 
167 

ib. 

64 



INDEX. 345 

Woman should be youngest in love - 79 

her fears - 98 

resolved and ambitious one - 142 

in man's apparel - - - - 199 

Women, frailty of 2G 

want greatly prevails on them - - 176 

sat ; re or. - - - - 194 

Wonder, proceeding from sudden joy - 93 

World, its true value - - - - - 40 

Worldliness - - - - - - ' ib. 

Wreck, a clown's description of one - 89 

Wrong and insolence described - - - Sio 

York, duke of, his death described ... 141 

his character of his sons - - 147 

in battle, description of him - - 14S 
York, Dutchess of, her lamentation on the misfortunes of 

her family .... 157 

Young women, advice to them ... 12 

Youth, courage and modesty in them - 14 

the boasting of .... 48 

Youths, Grecian, described hy Troilus - • 29S 



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